Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which characteristic is common to ROM, PROM, EPROM and EEPROM?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• ROM-family memories retain stored information even when electrical power is removed.
• They are therefore classified as non-volatile memories.
• Periodic refresh is a characteristic associated with DRAM, not ROM-family devices.
• They are therefore classified as non-volatile memories.
• Periodic refresh is a characteristic associated with DRAM, not ROM-family devices.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
A manufacturer needs a memory chip whose contents are permanently fixed during manufacture and are not intended to be changed by the user. Which type is most appropriate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mask ROM is programmed during the manufacturing process according to a predefined data pattern.
• Its contents are intended to remain fixed throughout normal use.
• PROM, EPROM and EEPROM provide various degrees of post-manufacture programmability.
• Its contents are intended to remain fixed throughout normal use.
• PROM, EPROM and EEPROM provide various degrees of post-manufacture programmability.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Which type of ROM can normally be programmed once by the user after manufacture but cannot subsequently be erased and reprogrammed?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• PROM stands for Programmable Read-Only Memory.
• A blank PROM can be programmed once using suitable programming equipment.
• After programming, its stored pattern is normally permanent and cannot be erased for reuse.
• A blank PROM can be programmed once using suitable programming equipment.
• After programming, its stored pattern is normally permanent and cannot be erased for reuse.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
A memory chip has a transparent quartz window on its package and can be erased by exposing it to ultraviolet light. The chip is most likely:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.
• Traditional EPROM chips are erased by exposing the silicon through a quartz window to ultraviolet light.
• After erasure, the chip can be programmed again using an appropriate programmer.
• Traditional EPROM chips are erased by exposing the silicon through a quartz window to ultraviolet light.
• After erasure, the chip can be programmed again using an appropriate programmer.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Which memory technology permits stored information to be erased electrically and then reprogrammed without requiring ultraviolet-light exposure?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.
• Its contents can be erased and rewritten through electrical operations.
• Unlike EPROM, it does not require ultraviolet-light exposure for erasure.
• Its contents can be erased and rewritten through electrical operations.
• Unlike EPROM, it does not require ultraviolet-light exposure for erasure.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Consider the following statements:
1. PROM is normally programmable only once.
2. EPROM can be erased using ultraviolet light.
3. EEPROM can be erased electrically.
4. All three are non-volatile.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
1. PROM is normally programmable only once.
2. EPROM can be erased using ultraviolet light.
3. EEPROM can be erased electrically.
4. All three are non-volatile.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• PROM provides one-time programming after manufacture.
• EPROM is ultraviolet-erasable, while EEPROM supports electrical erasure and rewriting.
• All three retain information without continuous electrical power, so all four statements are correct.
• EPROM is ultraviolet-erasable, while EEPROM supports electrical erasure and rewriting.
• All three retain information without continuous electrical power, so all four statements are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
A technician must modify configuration information stored in a non-volatile memory chip without physically removing the chip for ultraviolet erasure. Which memory type is most suitable?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• EEPROM is designed for electrical erasure and reprogramming.
• This permits stored values to be modified without the ultraviolet-erasure process required by traditional EPROM.
• PROM and Mask ROM are not normally rewritable after their contents have been fixed.
• This permits stored values to be modified without the ultraviolet-erasure process required by traditional EPROM.
• PROM and Mask ROM are not normally rewritable after their contents have been fixed.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
What is the main disadvantage of traditional EPROM compared with EEPROM when frequent updating of stored information is required?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Traditional EPROM must normally be exposed to ultraviolet light to erase its stored contents.
• This makes updating less convenient than electrically erasable EEPROM.
• EPROM is nevertheless non-volatile and does not require refresh.
• This makes updating less convenient than electrically erasable EEPROM.
• EPROM is nevertheless non-volatile and does not require refresh.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which statement best describes the meaning of 'non-volatile memory'?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Non-volatile memory preserves its stored information when power is switched off.
• ROM, PROM, EPROM and EEPROM are examples of non-volatile memory technologies.
• Volatile memories such as conventional RAM require power to retain data.
• ROM, PROM, EPROM and EEPROM are examples of non-volatile memory technologies.
• Volatile memories such as conventional RAM require power to retain data.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Traditional EPROM is erased by ultraviolet-light exposure and can then be reprogrammed.
• PROM is generally programmed only once after manufacture.
• EEPROM is electrically erasable and rewritable, while Mask ROM is fixed during manufacture.
• PROM is generally programmed only once after manufacture.
• EEPROM is electrically erasable and rewritable, while Mask ROM is fixed during manufacture.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which sequence correctly represents increasing flexibility for modifying stored contents after manufacture?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mask ROM is fixed during manufacture and provides essentially no post-manufacture modification flexibility.
• PROM can be programmed once, while EPROM can be erased and reprogrammed using ultraviolet light.
• EEPROM provides greater convenience because erasure and rewriting can be performed electrically.
• PROM can be programmed once, while EPROM can be erased and reprogrammed using ultraviolet light.
• EEPROM provides greater convenience because erasure and rewriting can be performed electrically.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Assertion (A): EEPROM is generally more convenient than traditional EPROM for storing non-volatile information that may occasionally require updating.
Reason (R): EEPROM can be erased electrically without ultraviolet-light exposure.
Choose the correct answer.
Reason (R): EEPROM can be erased electrically without ultraviolet-light exposure.
Choose the correct answer.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• EEPROM permits electrical erasure and reprogramming, making updates comparatively convenient.
• Traditional EPROM normally requires a separate ultraviolet-light erasure process.
• Therefore both statements are true and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
• Traditional EPROM normally requires a separate ultraviolet-light erasure process.
• Therefore both statements are true and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Match List I with List II:
List I
(a) Mask ROM
(b) PROM
(c) EPROM
(d) EEPROM
List II
1. Electrically erasable and reprogrammable
2. Programmed during manufacture
3. User-programmable once
4. Ultraviolet erasable
Choose the correct matching code.
List I
(a) Mask ROM
(b) PROM
(c) EPROM
(d) EEPROM
List II
1. Electrically erasable and reprogrammable
2. Programmed during manufacture
3. User-programmable once
4. Ultraviolet erasable
Choose the correct matching code.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mask ROM is fixed during manufacturing, giving (a)-2.
• PROM is programmable once by the user, while EPROM is ultraviolet erasable, giving (b)-3 and (c)-4.
• EEPROM is electrically erasable and rewritable, giving (d)-1.
• PROM is programmable once by the user, while EPROM is ultraviolet erasable, giving (b)-3 and (c)-4.
• EEPROM is electrically erasable and rewritable, giving (d)-1.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
A company needs to manufacture a very large number of identical devices containing firmware that is never expected to change. Which ROM type is generally suitable when the fixed contents are known before chip manufacture?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mask ROM is appropriate for fixed information that can be defined during semiconductor manufacturing.
• It is particularly suitable when identical, unchanging contents are needed in large production quantities.
• EPROM and EEPROM are selected when post-manufacture programming or updating is required.
• It is particularly suitable when identical, unchanging contents are needed in large production quantities.
• EPROM and EEPROM are selected when post-manufacture programming or updating is required.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which statement concerning EPROM programming and erasing is correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• EPROM is specifically designed to permit erasure and subsequent reprogramming.
• Traditional devices use ultraviolet light for the erase operation.
• EPROM remains non-volatile and therefore does not lose data simply because normal power is removed.
• Traditional devices use ultraviolet light for the erase operation.
• EPROM remains non-volatile and therefore does not lose data simply because normal power is removed.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A blank PROM is programmed incorrectly. What is the normal implication for that PROM device?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• PROM is designed as one-time programmable memory.
• Once its programmable elements have been set, ordinary erasure and rewriting are not available.
• An incorrectly programmed PROM therefore normally has to be replaced with another unprogrammed device.
• Once its programmable elements have been set, ordinary erasure and rewriting are not available.
• An incorrectly programmed PROM therefore normally has to be replaced with another unprogrammed device.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Consider the following statements:
1. ROM-family devices are commonly used where information must survive power loss.
2. EEPROM permits electrical modification of stored contents.
3. PROM provides unlimited erase-and-write cycles using ultraviolet light.
4. EPROM is non-volatile.
Which statements are correct?
1. ROM-family devices are commonly used where information must survive power loss.
2. EEPROM permits electrical modification of stored contents.
3. PROM provides unlimited erase-and-write cycles using ultraviolet light.
4. EPROM is non-volatile.
Which statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statements 1, 2 and 4 correctly describe ROM-family non-volatility, EEPROM and EPROM.
• PROM is generally a one-time programmable device and does not support ultraviolet erase-and-write cycles.
• Therefore Statement 3 is incorrect.
• PROM is generally a one-time programmable device and does not support ultraviolet erase-and-write cycles.
• Therefore Statement 3 is incorrect.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which memory would be the most appropriate choice for retaining a small amount of configuration information that must survive power loss but may occasionally need to be changed electronically?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• EEPROM retains information without power and supports electrical rewriting.
• This makes it suitable for configuration or parameter data that changes occasionally.
• DRAM and SRAM are volatile, while PROM cannot normally be rewritten after programming.
• This makes it suitable for configuration or parameter data that changes occasionally.
• DRAM and SRAM are volatile, while PROM cannot normally be rewritten after programming.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which of the following best distinguishes PROM from ordinary factory-programmed Mask ROM?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A PROM is manufactured in an initially programmable state and can later be programmed once by the user or equipment manufacturer.
• Mask ROM receives its fixed information pattern as part of the semiconductor manufacturing process.
• Both are non-volatile and neither requires DRAM-style refresh.
• Mask ROM receives its fixed information pattern as part of the semiconductor manufacturing process.
• Both are non-volatile and neither requires DRAM-style refresh.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which sequence correctly matches each memory type with its normal erasing capability?
1. PROM
2. EPROM
3. EEPROM
Choose the correct option.
1. PROM
2. EPROM
3. EEPROM
Choose the correct option.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• PROM is normally one-time programmable and has no normal erase mechanism.
• Traditional EPROM is erased using ultraviolet light.
• EEPROM is erased electrically, making the correct sequence PROM — no normal erase; EPROM — ultraviolet erase; EEPROM — electrical erase.
• Traditional EPROM is erased using ultraviolet light.
• EEPROM is erased electrically, making the correct sequence PROM — no normal erase; EPROM — ultraviolet erase; EEPROM — electrical erase.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. They are non-volatile memories. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: D. Mask ROM సమాధానం: D.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. PROM సమాధానం: A.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: C. EPROM సమాధానం: C.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: C. EEPROM సమాధానం: C.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: A. 1, 2, 3 and 4 సమాధానం: A.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: D. EEPROM సమాధానం: D.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: B. EPROM normally requires ultraviolet-light erasure before it can be reprogrammed. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: A. It retains stored information even after normal electrical power is removed. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: C. EPROM — erasable using ultraviolet light సమాధానం: C.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: D. Mask ROM → PROM → EPROM → EEPROM సమాధానం: D.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: B. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: B. (a)-2, (b)-3, (c)-4, (d)-1 సమాధానం: B.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. Mask ROM సమాధానం: A.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: C. An EPROM can be erased by suitable ultraviolet exposure and subsequently programmed again. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. The device normally cannot be erased and reprogrammed, so another blank PROM may be required. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: C. 1, 2 and 4 only సమాధానం: C.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. EEPROM సమాధానం: B.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: A. PROM can be programmed after manufacture, whereas Mask ROM contents are fixed during chip manufacture. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: D. PROM — no normal erase; EPROM — ultraviolet erase; EEPROM — electrical erase సమాధానం: D.