Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which functional unit of the CPU is primarily responsible for directing and coordinating the execution of instructions?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Control Unit directs and coordinates the execution of instructions within the processor.
• It controls the movement of data and control signals among the CPU, memory and input/output units.
• The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations, while storage and output units have different roles.
• It controls the movement of data and control signals among the CPU, memory and input/output units.
• The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations, while storage and output units have different roles.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Consider the following statements about the basic Input–Process–Output–Storage model:
1. Input supplies data or instructions to the computer.
2. Processing transforms data according to instructions.
3. Output presents processed results.
4. Storage retains data, instructions or results for later use.
Which of the above statements are correct?
1. Input supplies data or instructions to the computer.
2. Processing transforms data according to instructions.
3. Output presents processed results.
4. Storage retains data, instructions or results for later use.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Input provides data or instructions, and processing performs the required operations on them.
• Output communicates processed results to the user or another system.
• Storage can retain data, programs and results, so all four statements correctly describe the simplified IPOS model.
• Output communicates processed results to the user or another system.
• Storage can retain data, programs and results, so all four statements correctly describe the simplified IPOS model.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Which sequence correctly matches the first four computer generations with their principal electronic technologies?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• First-generation computers are conventionally associated with vacuum tubes.
• Second-generation systems used transistors, and third-generation systems used integrated circuits.
• Fourth-generation computers are associated with the microprocessor.
• Second-generation systems used transistors, and third-generation systems used integrated circuits.
• Fourth-generation computers are associated with the microprocessor.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which component is the primary printed circuit board that provides electrical and communication connections among the CPU, memory, storage interfaces and expansion devices?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The motherboard is the main printed circuit board of a computer system.
• It provides sockets, slots, buses and connectors through which major internal components communicate.
• A power supply provides electrical power, while a heat sink and monitor perform unrelated functions.
• It provides sockets, slots, buses and connectors through which major internal components communicate.
• A power supply provides electrical power, while a heat sink and monitor perform unrelated functions.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
While assembling a PC, which practice is specifically intended to reduce the risk of electrostatic-discharge damage when handling a DIMM or expansion card?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Electrostatic discharge can damage sensitive semiconductor components even when the discharge is not visibly obvious.
• Proper grounding and handling components by their edges reduce the chance of transferring static charge to circuitry or contacts.
• Installing hardware with power applied or placing it on static-generating surfaces increases risk rather than reducing it.
• Proper grounding and handling components by their edges reduce the chance of transferring static charge to circuitry or contacts.
• Installing hardware with power applied or placing it on static-generating surfaces increases risk rather than reducing it.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which sequence is the most appropriate general order for assembling and performing the first startup of a desktop PC?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• CPU, RAM and other internal hardware should be installed while AC power is disconnected and with appropriate handling precautions.
• Power leads and essential peripherals are connected and all seating/headers are checked before energizing the system.
• Firmware initialization and POST occur only after power-on, so sequences that install hardware while powered or place operating-system steps before assembly are invalid.
• Power leads and essential peripherals are connected and all seating/headers are checked before energizing the system.
• Firmware initialization and POST occur only after power-on, so sequences that install hardware while powered or place operating-system steps before assembly are invalid.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which statement correctly distinguishes UEFI from legacy BIOS at a general PC-architecture level?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• UEFI is a firmware interface that participates in platform initialization and boot before the normal operating-system environment runs.
• It is the modern replacement for the traditional legacy BIOS model on contemporary PCs.
• Secure Boot is a UEFI feature that can verify trusted boot software before handing control to the operating system.
• It is the modern replacement for the traditional legacy BIOS model on contemporary PCs.
• Secure Boot is a UEFI feature that can verify trusted boot software before handing control to the operating system.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Assertion (A): POST is performed during the pre-operating-system startup stage of a PC.
Reason (R): POST is a diagnostic routine executed by the installed operating system only after the user signs in.
Choose the correct answer.
Reason (R): POST is a diagnostic routine executed by the installed operating system only after the user signs in.
Choose the correct answer.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is true because POST is part of firmware-controlled platform initialization before normal operating-system loading.
• The Reason is false because POST is not a routine that waits for the installed operating system or user sign-in.
• POST helps initialize and check essential hardware during the early startup process.
• The Reason is false because POST is not a routine that waits for the installed operating system or user sign-in.
• POST helps initialize and check essential hardware during the early startup process.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which sequence best represents the normal high-level startup path of a modern PC?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• After power-on, system firmware begins platform initialization and performs early hardware checks or POST-related actions.
• The firmware then selects a boot target and transfers control to an appropriate boot manager or loader.
• The operating system starts only after these firmware and boot-loader stages.
• The firmware then selects a boot target and transfers control to an appropriate boot manager or loader.
• The operating system starts only after these firmware and boot-loader stages.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Immediately after a new RAM module is installed, a PC powers on but fails to complete POST. The module is known to be supported by the motherboard. What is the most appropriate first troubleshooting action?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The failure began immediately after memory installation, so seating or memory configuration should be checked first.
• The system should be powered off before reseating RAM, and testing one module or slot at a time can help isolate the problem.
• Reformatting or reinstalling the operating system cannot correct a fault that prevents the machine from completing POST.
• The system should be powered off before reseating RAM, and testing one module or slot at a time can help isolate the problem.
• Reformatting or reinstalling the operating system cannot correct a fault that prevents the machine from completing POST.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
A processor physically fits into a motherboard socket, but the motherboard manufacturer's support list says that processor requires a newer firmware version. Which conclusion is correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mechanical socket compatibility is only one part of CPU–motherboard compatibility.
• The motherboard platform and firmware must also contain support for the exact processor model or stepping where required.
• Monitor drivers and operating-system activation do not determine whether firmware can initialize an unsupported CPU.
• The motherboard platform and firmware must also contain support for the exact processor model or stepping where required.
• Monitor drivers and operating-system activation do not determine whether firmware can initialize an unsupported CPU.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
A technician wants to install an operating system on a PC in UEFI mode from a bootable USB device. Which statement is the most technically appropriate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Firmware boot mode is selected before the operating-system installer runs.
• Booting the installation media in UEFI mode allows setup to install the system for that firmware environment.
• A normally installed system subsequently boots using the same firmware mode in which it was installed unless it is deliberately converted or reconfigured.
• Booting the installation media in UEFI mode allows setup to install the system for that firmware environment.
• A normally installed system subsequently boots using the same firmware mode in which it was installed unless it is deliberately converted or reconfigured.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
After a fresh operating-system installation, a hardware device appears as an unknown or improperly functioning device even though it is physically connected correctly. What is the most appropriate next action?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A device driver provides the operating system with the software interface needed to control specific hardware.
• After a fresh installation, missing or incompatible drivers commonly cause otherwise healthy devices to appear unknown or malfunctioning.
• CPU replacement and display-resolution changes do not address a missing driver for an unrelated device.
• After a fresh installation, missing or incompatible drivers commonly cause otherwise healthy devices to appear unknown or malfunctioning.
• CPU replacement and display-resolution changes do not address a missing driver for an unrelated device.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which statement about a computer virus is technically correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A computer virus is malicious code that propagates by inserting or attaching a copy of itself to other executable content or files.
• Activation generally depends on the infected host being executed, which distinguishes a virus from malware such as a self-propagating worm.
• Hardware faults and firewall rules are not computer viruses.
• Activation generally depends on the infected host being executed, which distinguishes a virus from malware such as a self-propagating worm.
• Hardware faults and firewall rules are not computer viruses.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which combination provides the best general protection against common computer-virus infection and its consequences?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Keeping systems and reputable security software updated reduces exposure to known vulnerabilities and improves malware detection.
• Caution with untrusted attachments, downloads and removable media reduces common infection paths.
• Backups do not prevent infection, but they improve recovery if malware damages or encrypts data.
• Caution with untrusted attachments, downloads and removable media reduces common infection paths.
• Backups do not prevent infection, but they improve recovery if malware damages or encrypts data.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A computer has become unusually slow and occasionally crashes. Which conclusion is the most defensible from these symptoms alone?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Slow performance and crashes can occur with malware, but the same symptoms can also result from hardware faults, overheating, storage problems or software errors.
• A proper diagnosis should include security scanning and relevant hardware/software checks rather than assuming a single cause.
• Therefore the symptoms are warning signs, not conclusive evidence of a specific virus.
• A proper diagnosis should include security scanning and relevant hardware/software checks rather than assuming a single cause.
• Therefore the symptoms are warning signs, not conclusive evidence of a specific virus.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Consider the following statements about the buses in a basic computer architecture:
1. The address bus identifies the memory or I/O location involved in a transfer.
2. The data bus carries the actual data or instruction information being transferred.
3. The control bus carries control signals such as read/write and other coordination signals.
Which of the above statements are correct?
1. The address bus identifies the memory or I/O location involved in a transfer.
2. The data bus carries the actual data or instruction information being transferred.
3. The control bus carries control signals such as read/write and other coordination signals.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The address bus is used to specify the memory or I/O location associated with a transfer.
• The data bus carries the data or instruction information between processor, memory and I/O components.
• The control bus carries signals that coordinate operations, including read/write control, so all three statements are correct.
• The data bus carries the data or instruction information between processor, memory and I/O components.
• The control bus carries signals that coordinate operations, including read/write control, so all three statements are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which statement best describes the characteristics of a conventional computer?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Computers are known for high processing speed, consistency and diligence in repetitive work.
• They do not become fatigued, but correct results still depend on correct data, instructions and functioning hardware.
• Conventional computers execute programmed logic rather than independently understanding every arbitrary problem.
• They do not become fatigued, but correct results still depend on correct data, instructions and functioning hardware.
• Conventional computers execute programmed logic rather than independently understanding every arbitrary problem.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Match List I with List II:
List I
(a) Power supply unit
(b) CPU
(c) Motherboard
(d) Storage drive
List II
1. Executes program instructions
2. Provides persistent storage for files and software
3. Converts and supplies electrical power required by internal components
4. Provides the main interconnection platform for internal components
Choose the correct matching code.
List I
(a) Power supply unit
(b) CPU
(c) Motherboard
(d) Storage drive
List II
1. Executes program instructions
2. Provides persistent storage for files and software
3. Converts and supplies electrical power required by internal components
4. Provides the main interconnection platform for internal components
Choose the correct matching code.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The power supply unit converts and supplies the electrical power required by internal components, so (a)-3.
• The CPU executes program instructions, while the motherboard provides the main interconnection platform, so (b)-1 and (c)-4.
• A storage drive provides persistent storage for files and software, so (d)-2.
• The CPU executes program instructions, while the motherboard provides the main interconnection platform, so (b)-1 and (c)-4.
• A storage drive provides persistent storage for files and software, so (d)-2.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
After replacing a motherboard, the motherboard's standby-power LED is lit, but pressing the case power button produces no fan movement and no startup attempt. What should be checked first?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The standby LED indicates that at least standby power is reaching the motherboard, while the symptom began after motherboard replacement.
• A disconnected or incorrectly placed front-panel power-switch lead can prevent the board from receiving the user's power-on request.
• Operating-system drivers and browser settings are not active before the machine has even begun the startup process.
• A disconnected or incorrectly placed front-panel power-switch lead can prevent the board from receiving the user's power-on request.
• Operating-system drivers and browser settings are not active before the machine has even begun the startup process.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. Control Unit (CU) సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: D. 1, 2, 3 and 4 సమాధానం: D.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. Vacuum tubes → Transistors → Integrated circuits → Microprocessors సమాధానం: A.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: C. Motherboard సమాధానం: C.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. Use proper ESD grounding precautions and handle the component by its edges సమాధానం: B.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: A. Install compatible CPU/RAM and other required hardware with AC power disconnected → connect internal power leads and essential peripherals → recheck connections → connect AC power and power on to observe firmware/POST సమాధానం: A.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: D. UEFI is a newer firmware interface used during system startup and can support features such as Secure Boot, while legacy BIOS is the older firmware model. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: C. A is true, but R is false. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: C. Power on → Firmware initialization/POST → Boot manager or boot loader → Operating-system startup సమాధానం: C.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: B. Power off, reseat the module correctly, and test the memory configuration according to the motherboard manual సమాధానం: B.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: A. Physical socket fit alone is insufficient; chipset/platform support and the required firmware version must also support the processor. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. The installer should be booted in the intended UEFI mode, and the installed system will normally continue to boot using that firmware mode. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: B. Install the correct compatible device driver from the hardware or system manufacturer సమాధానం: B.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: D. A virus is malicious code that can replicate by infecting other programs or files and becomes active when the infected host is executed. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: C. Keep the operating system and security software updated, scan suspicious files/media, avoid untrusted attachments or downloads, and maintain backups సమాధానం: C.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: A. The symptoms may be caused by malware, but they are not proof of infection; the system should be scanned and other hardware/software causes should also be checked. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: D. 1, 2 and 3 సమాధానం: D.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: A. It can work at high speed and with consistency, but the correctness of its result still depends on correct hardware, data and instructions. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: C. (a)-3, (b)-1, (c)-4, (d)-2 సమాధానం: C.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: B. Whether the case power-switch lead is connected to the correct front-panel header pins on the motherboard సమాధానం: B.