Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
A foundation trench in ordinary soil measures 12.00 m long, 1.00 m wide and 1.50 m deep. The supplied SOR contains an ordinary-soil excavation item at Rs 360 per m3 and a hard-rock excavation item at Rs 1,250 per m3. Assuming no additional allowances or deductions, what is the correct estimated excavation amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The excavation involves ordinary soil, so the ordinary-soil SOR item must be selected. The excavated volume is calculated as length multiplied by width multiplied by depth. Therefore, the quantity is 12.00 x 1.00 x 1.50 = 18.00 m3. Applying the corresponding rate gives 18.00 x 360 = Rs 6,480. The hard-rock rate is not applicable because the question specifically identifies the excavated material as ordinary soil. No additional charges are required under the stated assumptions.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
A foundation estimate contains 24 m3 of ordinary-soil excavation and 6 m3 of hard-rock excavation. The respective SOR rates are Rs 280 per m3 and Rs 1,450 per m3. Both rates are complete, and no additional charges apply. What is the combined excavation amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
Ordinary-soil excavation and hard-rock excavation are separate SOR items because they involve different excavation conditions and rates. The ordinary-soil amount is 24 x 280 = Rs 6,720. The hard-rock excavation amount is 6 x 1,450 = Rs 8,700. Adding the two amounts gives Rs 6,720 + Rs 8,700 = Rs 15,420. Applying a single average rate to the combined excavation quantity would not follow the supplied item descriptions. Therefore, the correct combined amount is Rs 15,420.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
A rectangular PCC bed below a foundation measures 7.50 m long, 2.40 m wide and 100 mm thick. The applicable SOR rate for the specified PCC is Rs 6,700 per m3. Assuming no openings or deductions and that the rate includes the specified laying operations, what is the estimated PCC amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
PCC is measured by its in-place concrete volume for the stated item. The thickness of 100 mm must first be converted to 0.10 m. The concrete volume is 7.50 x 2.40 x 0.10 = 1.80 m3. Multiplying by the supplied rate gives 1.80 x 6,700 = Rs 12,060. The concrete quantity must not be confused with the plan area of 18.00 m2. Since the stated rate includes the required laying operations, no separate charge is added for those operations.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
A straight random rubble stone-masonry foundation wall is 10.00 m long, 0.75 m thick and 0.60 m high. The supplied SOR rate for the specified stone masonry in cement mortar is Rs 6,400 per m3. There are no openings or intersecting walls. What is the estimated masonry amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The specified random rubble masonry is measured by volume. The wall volume is calculated from its length, thickness and height. Therefore, the quantity is 10.00 x 0.75 x 0.60 = 4.50 m3. The supplied rate is Rs 6,400 for each cubic metre. The estimated masonry amount is 4.50 x 6,400 = Rs 28,800. No deduction or intersection adjustment is necessary under the stated conditions.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
A brick wall is 10.00 m long, 3.00 m high and 0.23 m thick. It contains one full-thickness door opening measuring 1.00 m by 2.00 m. For this problem, deduct the FULL opening volume and make no other adjustments. If the applicable brick-masonry SOR rate is Rs 6,900 per m3, what is the net estimated masonry amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The gross brick-masonry volume is 10.00 x 3.00 x 0.23 = 6.90 m3. The volume of the full-thickness door opening is 1.00 x 2.00 x 0.23 = 0.46 m3. Under the explicitly stated deduction rule, the net masonry quantity is 6.90 - 0.46 = 6.44 m3. The supplied SOR rate is Rs 6,900 per cubic metre. Therefore, the estimated masonry amount is 6.44 x 6,900 = Rs 44,436. The question does not require separate measurement of reveals, lintels or other associated work.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
A pump-house requires two identical RCC columns, each measuring 0.30 m by 0.45 m in cross-section and 3.20 m in height. The supplied SOR rate for the specified RCC concrete is Rs 7,500 per m3, excluding reinforcement and formwork. What is the estimated cost of RCC concrete for both columns?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The concrete volume of one column is 0.30 x 0.45 x 3.20 = 0.432 m3. There are two identical columns, so their combined concrete volume is 2 x 0.432 = 0.864 m3. The supplied concrete rate is Rs 7,500 per cubic metre. Therefore, the RCC concrete amount is 0.864 x 7,500 = Rs 6,480. Reinforcement and formwork are excluded from the given rate and must be considered under their separate applicable items. The question requests only the concrete amount, so those separate items are not added.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
An RCC slab measures 8.00 m by 5.00 m with a uniform thickness of 150 mm. It contains one full-depth opening measuring 1.00 m by 1.00 m. For this problem, deduct the FULL opening volume and make no other adjustments. If the applicable RCC concrete rate is Rs 7,700 per m3, what is the net concrete amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The slab thickness of 150 mm is equivalent to 0.15 m. The gross concrete volume is 8.00 x 5.00 x 0.15 = 6.00 m3. The full-depth opening volume is 1.00 x 1.00 x 0.15 = 0.15 m3. The net concrete quantity is therefore 6.00 - 0.15 = 5.85 m3. Applying the supplied rate gives 5.85 x 7,700 = Rs 45,045. The opening deduction is explicitly specified, so no alternative deduction convention is needed.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
An isolated RCC beam is 6.00 m long, 250 mm wide and 450 mm deep. Formwork is required only to the beam soffit and both vertical sides. End shutters and all junction adjustments are excluded. If the SOR formwork rate is Rs 780 per m2 of contact area, what is the estimated formwork amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
Formwork is measured by the contact area with the concrete under the stated item. The beam width is 0.25 m and its depth is 0.45 m. The soffit contact area is 6.00 x 0.25 = 1.50 m2. The two side areas together are 2 x 6.00 x 0.45 = 5.40 m2. The total contact area is 1.50 + 5.40 = 6.90 m2. Multiplying by Rs 780 per m2 gives an estimated formwork amount of Rs 5,382.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
An RCC work estimate provides 0.85 tonne of measured reinforcement steel. The applicable SOR item is quoted at Rs 72 per kg and includes the specified cutting, bending, placing and tying operations. What amount should be entered for the reinforcement item?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The reinforcement quantity and scheduled rate must be expressed in compatible units. One metric tonne equals 1,000 kg. Therefore, 0.85 tonne is equivalent to 850 kg. The reinforcement amount is 850 x 72 = Rs 61,200. The specified cutting, bending, placing and tying operations are already included in the supplied rate. Adding separate amounts for those same operations would duplicate the item cost.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
A wall face is 12.00 m long and 3.00 m high, with one opening measuring 2.00 m by 1.50 m. The applicable SOR item is 12 mm cement plaster at Rs 245 per m2. For this problem, deduct the FULL opening area, add no reveals and make no other adjustments. What is the plastering amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
Plastering is valued using the measured surface area for the specified item. The gross wall area is 12.00 x 3.00 = 36.00 m2. The opening area is 2.00 x 1.50 = 3.00 m2. The question requires the entire opening area to be deducted, giving a net plaster area of 33.00 m2. Applying the supplied rate gives 33.00 x 245 = Rs 8,085. No reveal additions or other adjustments are permitted under the stated assumptions.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
A building estimate contains 80 m2 of internal cement plaster at Rs 225 per m2 and 35 m2 of separately specified external cement plaster at Rs 310 per m2. Both are complete SOR rates for their respective descriptions. What is the combined estimated plastering amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
Internal and external plastering have different specified item rates in this problem. The internal plastering amount is 80 x 225 = Rs 18,000. The external plastering amount is 35 x 310 = Rs 10,850. Their combined amount is Rs 18,000 + Rs 10,850 = Rs 28,850. The two quantities should retain separate BOQ descriptions because their specified rates differ. Using one rate for the combined area would produce an incorrect estimate.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
A rectangular room measures 7.50 m by 4.80 m internally. The SOR rate for the specified tile flooring is Rs 1,150 per m2, and tile skirting 100 mm high is separately priced at Rs 220 per running metre. Skirting runs along the full internal perimeter except across a 1.20 m wide doorway. Assuming no flooring deductions or other adjustments, what is the combined flooring and skirting amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The tile-flooring area is 7.50 x 4.80 = 36.00 m2. The flooring amount is 36.00 x 1,150 = Rs 41,400. The internal perimeter is 2(7.50 + 4.80) = 24.60 m. Deducting the doorway width gives a measured skirting length of 24.60 - 1.20 = 23.40 m. The skirting amount is 23.40 x 220 = Rs 5,148. Therefore, the combined amount is Rs 41,400 + Rs 5,148 = Rs 46,548.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
A rectangular room measures 6.00 m by 4.00 m internally and has a clear height of 3.00 m. Its four wall faces and flat ceiling require whitewashing. There is one 1.00 m by 2.00 m door and one 1.50 m by 1.00 m window. For this problem, deduct both openings fully, add no reveals and make no other adjustments. If the SOR rate is Rs 38 per m2 inclusive of all specified coats, what is the total whitewashing amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The room perimeter is 2(6.00 + 4.00) = 20.00 m. The gross wall area is 20.00 x 3.00 = 60.00 m2. The door and window areas total 2.00 + 1.50 = 3.50 m2, giving a net wall area of 56.50 m2. The ceiling area is 6.00 x 4.00 = 24.00 m2. The combined measured area is 56.50 + 24.00 = 80.50 m2. Applying the inclusive SOR rate gives 80.50 x 38 = Rs 3,059, without multiplying the area again by the number of coats.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
A water-supply estimate contains 125 running metres of pipe laying at an SOR rate of Rs 540 per metre and two separately scheduled sluice valves at Rs 3,900 each. The pipe-laying rate includes ordinary pipe joints but expressly excludes the valves. What is the combined estimated amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The supplied pipe-laying item is measured by length. Its amount is 125 x 540 = Rs 67,500. The two separately scheduled sluice valves cost 2 x 3,900 = Rs 7,800. Because the pipe item expressly excludes the valves, their amount must be added separately. The combined estimated amount is Rs 67,500 + Rs 7,800 = Rs 75,300. The ordinary pipe joints are already included in the pipe-laying rate and should not be charged again.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
An SOR entry for a specified whitewashing item quotes Rs 7,200 per 100 m2, inclusive of all required coats. The measured work area is 350 m2, with no additions or deductions. What amount should be entered in the estimate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The schedule unit in this problem is 100 m2 rather than 1 m2. The measured area is 350 m2, equivalent to 350/100 = 3.50 scheduled units. Each scheduled unit costs Rs 7,200. Therefore, the estimated amount is 3.50 x 7,200 = Rs 25,200. Alternatively, the corresponding rate per square metre is Rs 72. The result demonstrates why an estimator must verify the exact SOR unit before applying a rate.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A concrete item has an estimated quantity of 18 m3 and an applicable SOR rate of Rs 6,800 per m3. The contract expressly provides a tender percentage of 5 percent BELOW the SOR amount for this item. With no other adjustments, what is the resulting contractual amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The basic SOR amount is 18 x 6,800 = Rs 122,400. A tender percentage of 5 percent below means that 5 percent must be deducted from the basic amount. The deduction is 0.05 x 122,400 = Rs 6,120. The adjusted contractual amount is therefore Rs 122,400 - Rs 6,120 = Rs 116,280. The same result is obtained by multiplying Rs 122,400 by 0.95. This treatment is valid because the question expressly states the tender-percentage provision.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
A departmental estimate contains the following items: earth excavation 20 m3 at Rs 300 per m3, PCC 3 m3 at Rs 6,800 per m3, brick masonry 10 m3 at Rs 6,200 per m3, and cement plastering 70 m2 at Rs 205 per m2. Assuming all supplied rates are complete and no further additions apply, what is the total basic estimated cost?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The excavation amount is 20 x 300 = Rs 6,000. The PCC amount is 3 x 6,800 = Rs 20,400. The brick-masonry amount is 10 x 6,200 = Rs 62,000. The plastering amount is 70 x 205 = Rs 14,350. Adding the four item amounts gives Rs 6,000 + Rs 20,400 + Rs 62,000 + Rs 14,350 = Rs 102,750. Each item must be valued using its own scheduled unit and rate before preparing the abstract total.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
An estimate consists of excavation 12 m3 at Rs 250 per m3, PCC 2 m3 at Rs 6,000 per m3 and RCC 4 m3 at Rs 8,000 per m3. The estimate instructions expressly require a contingency allowance of 3 percent on the combined basic amount of these three items, with no other additions. What is the total estimate including contingency?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The excavation amount is 12 x 250 = Rs 3,000. The PCC amount is 2 x 6,000 = Rs 12,000. The RCC amount is 4 x 8,000 = Rs 32,000. The combined basic amount is Rs 3,000 + Rs 12,000 + Rs 32,000 = Rs 47,000. The explicitly specified contingency is 3 percent of Rs 47,000, equal to Rs 1,410. Therefore, the total estimate including contingency is Rs 47,000 + Rs 1,410 = Rs 48,410.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
A departmental SOR quotes an applicable reinforcement-steel item at Rs 80,000 per metric tonne. The measured reinforcement quantity is 175 kg, with no additional allowance or rate adjustment. What is the estimated reinforcement amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The scheduled reinforcement rate is quoted per metric tonne. The measured steel quantity is given in kilograms. Since one metric tonne equals 1,000 kg, 175 kg is equivalent to 0.175 tonne. The estimated amount is therefore 0.175 x 80,000 = Rs 14,000. An equivalent calculation uses Rs 80 per kg multiplied by 175 kg. Proper unit conversion is essential before applying a mass-based SOR rate.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
A building requires 60 m2 of 12 mm single-coat cement plaster and 25 m2 of separately specified 20 mm two-coat cement plaster. The respective complete SOR rates are Rs 210 per m2 and Rs 290 per m2. What is the combined plastering amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The two plastering descriptions have different thicknesses and coat requirements. The 12 mm single-coat plaster amount is 60 x 210 = Rs 12,600. The 20 mm two-coat plaster amount is 25 x 290 = Rs 7,250. Adding these amounts gives Rs 12,600 + Rs 7,250 = Rs 19,850. The two rates are applied to their respective measured areas rather than to the combined area indiscriminately. The supplied rates are complete, so no further coat-wise charge is necessary.
వివరణ:
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
A floor area of 48 m2 is to receive ceramic tile flooring and a separately specified waterproofing membrane. The approved tile-flooring SOR rate is Rs 980 per m2 and expressly includes its bedding and laying operations but excludes waterproofing. The waterproofing item is Rs 360 per m2 over the same area. What is the combined estimated amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The tile-flooring quantity is 48 m2 at Rs 980 per square metre. Its estimated amount is 48 x 980 = Rs 47,040. Waterproofing is a separate approved item because the tile-flooring rate explicitly excludes it. The waterproofing amount is 48 x 360 = Rs 17,280. The combined amount is Rs 47,040 + Rs 17,280 = Rs 64,320. A separate bedding charge would be incorrect because the tile-flooring rate already includes the specified bedding operations.
వివరణ:
Question 22
ప్రశ్న 22
A reinforcement item is payable at Rs 74 per kg of accepted measured steel. The approved measured quantity is 1,280 kg, but the contractor has procured 1,330 kg including cutting wastage. The rate already covers normal cutting wastage, and the contract permits payment only for accepted measured reinforcement. What is the payable reinforcement amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The contractual payment basis is the accepted measured reinforcement quantity. The approved quantity is 1,280 kg rather than the procured quantity of 1,330 kg. The extra 50 kg represents procurement and cutting wastage under the stated assumptions. Since the item rate already accounts for such wastage, it is not added to the payable measured quantity. The reinforcement amount is therefore 1,280 x 74 = Rs 94,720. Using the purchased quantity would produce a payment inconsistent with the question's contractual conditions.
వివరణ:
Question 23
ప్రశ్న 23
An estimate originally provided for 50 m3 of excavation at Rs 300 per m3 and 9 m3 of RCC at Rs 7,000 per m3. The final accepted quantities are 44.50 m3 of excavation and 10.20 m3 of RCC. The contractual rates remain unchanged, and no other adjustments apply. What is the NET CHANGE in the combined item amount compared with the original estimate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The original excavation amount is 50 x 300 = Rs 15,000, and the original RCC amount is 9 x 7,000 = Rs 63,000. The original combined amount is therefore Rs 78,000. The revised excavation amount is 44.50 x 300 = Rs 13,350. The revised RCC amount is 10.20 x 7,000 = Rs 71,400. The revised combined amount is Rs 13,350 + Rs 71,400 = Rs 84,750. The net change is Rs 84,750 - Rs 78,000 = Rs 6,750, representing an increase despite the reduction in excavation quantity.
వివరణ:
Question 24
ప్రశ్న 24
A ceramic tile floor has an accepted measured area of 15.75 m2. The SOR rate is Rs 1,250 per m2 and expressly includes supply, laying and normal tile wastage. The contractor purchased an additional 10 percent of tiles as a cutting and breakage allowance, but the contract does not allow separate payment for that allowance. What is the payable flooring amount?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The accepted measured flooring area is 15.75 m2. The complete SOR rate is Rs 1,250 per square metre. The basic flooring amount is 15.75 x 1,250 = Rs 19,687.50. The contractor's additional tile purchase is a procurement allowance rather than an increase in the finished measured floor area. The stated rate already includes normal tile wastage. Therefore, the additional 10 percent must not be added to the payable area or amount.
వివరణ:
Question 25
ప్రశ్న 25
A pump-house estimate contains the following separately measured items: excavation 16 m3 at Rs 340 per m3, PCC 2.50 m3 at Rs 6,400 per m3, RCC concrete 4 m3 at Rs 7,800 per m3, formwork 32 m2 at Rs 720 per m2, reinforcement 500 kg at Rs 78 per kg, plastering 100 m2 at Rs 190 per m2, and whitewashing 100 m2 at Rs 30 per m2. All rates are complete for their respective descriptions, and no further additions or deductions apply. What is the TOTAL basic estimated cost?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
The excavation amount is 16 x 340 = Rs 5,440, and the PCC amount is 2.50 x 6,400 = Rs 16,000. The RCC concrete amount is 4 x 7,800 = Rs 31,200, while the formwork amount is 32 x 720 = Rs 23,040. The reinforcement amount is 500 x 78 = Rs 39,000. The plastering amount is 100 x 190 = Rs 19,000, and the whitewashing amount is 100 x 30 = Rs 3,000. Adding all seven amounts gives Rs 5,440 + Rs 16,000 + Rs 31,200 + Rs 23,040 + Rs 39,000 + Rs 19,000 + Rs 3,000 = Rs 136,680. This represents the total basic estimated cost using the supplied quantities and complete SOR rates.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. Rs 6,480. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: C. Rs 15,420. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. Rs 12,060. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: D. Rs 28,800. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. Rs 44,436. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: C. Rs 6,480. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. Rs 45,045. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. Rs 5,382. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: B. Rs 61,200. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: C. Rs 8,085. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: A. Rs 28,850. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. Rs 46,548. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: B. Rs 3,059. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: C. Rs 75,300. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: A. Rs 25,200. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. Rs 116,280. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. Rs 102,750. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: C. Rs 48,410. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: A. Rs 14,000. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: D. Rs 19,850. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: B. Rs 64,320. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22Answer: C. Rs 94,720. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23Answer: A. An increase of Rs 6,750. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24Answer: D. Rs 19,687.50. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25Answer: B. Rs 136,680. సమాధానం: B.