Test 13 - General Specifications for Stone Masonry

Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1

A contractor delivers stones for a load-bearing random rubble foundation wall. Several stones show visible cracks, weathered seams and friable portions, although their external dimensions satisfy the drawings. What is the most appropriate acceptance decision?

A Accept all the stones because dimensional conformity is sufficient for random rubble masonry. B Reject or segregate the defective stones and verify that the remaining material satisfies the specified soundness, durability and workmanship requirements. C Use the cracked stones preferentially at the bottom because the surrounding mortar will automatically restore their strength. D Conceal the damaged portions inside the wall without recording their condition.

Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2

During construction of a vertically loaded stone masonry pier, a mason proposes laying stratified sedimentary stones with their natural bedding planes vertical. What laying arrangement is normally required?

A Place the bedding planes parallel to the direction of the compressive load. B Ignore the bedding planes because mortar completely eliminates their influence. C Place all stones diagonally at 45 degrees to the pier axis regardless of the load. D Lay the stones so that the compressive pressure acts approximately perpendicular to their natural bedding planes.

Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3

Absorbent building stones are being placed completely dry in fresh cement mortar. The mason observes rapid loss of mortar moisture near the contact surfaces. Which corrective procedure is most appropriate?

A Sufficiently wet the stones before laying to control suction, while avoiding an unsuitable layer of free surface water. B Increase the joint thickness without limit to compensate for moisture absorption. C Leave the stones dry and replace the cement mortar with loose dry sand. D Apply dry cement powder to the stone beds immediately before placing each stone.

Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4

A stone masonry specification requires cement mortar in the volumetric proportion 1:4, meaning one part cement to four parts dry sand. For a simplified batching calculation, the total combined DRY ingredient volume is exactly 0.75 m3, and no volume-change allowance is required. What are the cement and sand volumes respectively?

A 0.1875 m3 cement and 0.5625 m3 sand. B 0.300 m3 cement and 0.450 m3 sand. C 0.150 m3 cement and 0.600 m3 sand. D 0.600 m3 cement and 0.150 m3 sand.

Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5

A project specifies random rubble masonry brought to courses rather than completely uncoursed random rubble masonry. Which construction procedure best satisfies this specification?

A Use precisely machine-cut rectangular blocks of identical dimensions throughout the wall. B Arrange selected irregular stones in suitable bond and bring the masonry approximately to level courses at the required intervals. C Lay irregular stones without maintaining bond or any periodic level throughout the wall height. D Construct thin stone facing shells and fill the intervening space with loose debris.

Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6

A specification requires first-sort coursed squared rubble masonry for an exposed pump-house wall. Which workmanship requirement is most appropriate?

A Hammer-dress the beds and joints to approximately rectangular shapes, form properly level courses, and maintain the specified closer fitting of stones. B Place undressed stones randomly without checking course level or joint conformity. C Use extremely thin facing stones supported by loose aggregate packed behind them. D Permit unrestricted projections and open joints because the work is classified as rubble masonry.

Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7

Under the general jointing provisions of IS 1597 (Part 1), what are the maximum mortar-joint thicknesses for random rubble masonry and squared rubble masonry respectively?

A 10 mm for random rubble and 20 mm for squared rubble. B 25 mm for random rubble and 15 mm for squared rubble. C 3 mm for random rubble and 6 mm for squared rubble. D 20 mm for random rubble and 10 mm for squared rubble.

Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8

Under IS 1597 (Part 2), which pair correctly states the general maximum mortar-joint thickness for ordinary ashlar masonry and the permitted maximum for ashlar block-in-course masonry?

A 10 mm and 20 mm respectively. B 20 mm and 10 mm respectively. C 3 mm and 6 mm respectively. D 6 mm and 12 mm respectively.

Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9

During inspection of random rubble masonry in cement mortar, the engineer discovers that the hearting consists mainly of very small stone fragments placed loosely between the face stones. Which correction is appropriate?

A Accept the loose fragments because only the external appearance of rubble masonry matters. B Use suitably sized hearting stones, solidly bed them in mortar, and bring the hearting approximately level with the facing and backing. C Remove all mortar from the hearting so that the fragments can settle naturally. D Replace the hearting with uncompacted excavated soil to reduce construction cost.

Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10

A mason proposes supporting large hearting stones on small loose chips to raise them to the level of the face stones. Which interpretation of random rubble masonry workmanship is correct?

A The proposal is acceptable because chips are preferable to properly bedded stones. B Any quantity of chips can replace hearting stones if the finished face appears level. C Chips should be placed without mortar so that they remain free to adjust under loading. D Chips should be restricted to suitable interstices between adjacent hearting stones and should not be used as loose supports beneath hearting stones.

Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11

A sound, relatively nonporous random rubble wall is 550 mm thick, and the design requires transverse bond stones in accordance with IS 1597 (Part 1). Which arrangement is most appropriate?

A Provide suitable through bond stones extending across the wall thickness at the required locations, ensuring effective connection between the faces. B Use only short face stones that never extend into the wall interior. C Omit transverse bonding because cement mortar alone always connects both faces adequately. D Provide loose gravel pockets between the two faces in place of bond stones.

Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12

A stone masonry wall is built using highly absorbent porous sandstone. The contractor proposes using single continuous through stones at all transverse-bond locations. What is the more appropriate specification-based arrangement?

A Eliminate transverse bond stones entirely because porous masonry does not require them. B Place all bond stones longitudinally within one exposed face only. C Use suitably arranged overlapping bond stones extending inward from opposite faces, with the required overlap, to maintain bonding while reducing the possibility of damp penetration through a single continuous stone. D Replace all bond stones with dry sand packed into horizontal joints.

Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13

A 0.75 m thick rubble masonry wall requires overlapping bond stones. Two bond stones project inward from opposite faces by 0.48 m and 0.42 m respectively. Their positions are laterally staggered so that the stones do not occupy the same physical space, but their lengths overlap when projected along the wall-thickness direction. What is the projected overlap length?

A 0.10 m. B 0.15 m. C 0.20 m. D 0.25 m.

Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14

A random rubble wall corner is constructed with several small irregular stones forming an unstable quoin, and successive courses provide little interlocking with the adjoining wall. Which correction is most appropriate?

A Provide selected, suitably dressed quoin stones and arrange headers and stretchers alternately to develop proper bonding at the corner. B Leave the corner unchanged because the perpendicular walls will automatically bond after plastering. C Increase the mortar quantity at the corner without correcting the stone arrangement. D Place only small chips at the corner so that adjoining walls remain independent.

Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15

Construction of a rubble masonry wall must be interrupted, but the unfinished end will subsequently be bonded with newly constructed masonry. Which temporary termination is consistent with IS 1597 (Part 1)?

A Leave a smooth vertical face without any provision for interlocking. B Construct a projecting unsupported stone face and fill the return later with dry chips. C Terminate the work abruptly and rely entirely on surface plaster to connect the two portions. D Rack the unfinished masonry back in sufficiently long steps, with the stepped profile not steeper than 45 degrees to the horizontal.

Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16

An exposed ashlar masonry wall contains stones with damaged arrises and inaccurately dressed bedding surfaces. The contractor proposes using thick mortar joints to conceal these defects. What should the engineer require?

A Accept all defects because ashlar masonry is judged only by its overall wall dimensions. B Increase mortar-joint thickness until every irregularity is concealed. C Use stones dressed to the required dimensions and surface accuracy, protect their edges, and maintain the specified fine joints. D Convert the wall description to random rubble without revising the approved specification.

Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17

A contractor proposes building a thick rubble masonry wall using two thin external stone skins and loose dry aggregate between them, with only occasional through stones. Which assessment is technically correct?

A The arrangement is unacceptable because the facing, hearting and transverse bonding must form a solid, properly mortared masonry wall. B The arrangement is equivalent to properly bonded masonry whenever the outer faces are vertical. C Loose aggregate should be preferred because it eliminates the need for mortar within thick stone walls. D Through stones are unnecessary if the wall thickness exceeds 600 mm.

Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18

A work order specifies coursed squared rubble masonry, but the contractor submits uniformly fine-dressed rectangular ashlar blocks and seeks payment automatically at the coursed-rubble rate. Which response is most appropriate?

A Accept the substitution and the same rate automatically because every form of stone masonry has identical specifications. B Require approval of the proposed substitution and apply the correct contractual item description and valuation, recognizing the different dressing and jointing requirements. C Reject all dressed stones because dressed stone can never be used in load-bearing construction. D Treat the entire wall as dry masonry solely because the stones have accurate dimensions.

Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19

A stone masonry wall has been constructed in cement mortar during hot weather. Which curing procedure is consistent with IS 1597 stone masonry guidance?

A Allow the mortar to dry immediately because stone masonry needs no curing. B Maintain moisture only for the first two hours after laying. C Protect the fresh work and maintain adequate moisture on the masonry faces for a minimum period of seven days, without washing out green mortar. D Apply dry cement powder periodically instead of watering the masonry.

Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20

An exposed ashlar wall is being constructed at considerable height, and the contractor proposes single scaffolding supported by holes in the finished stonework. Which arrangement is more appropriate under IS 1597 (Part 2)?

A Dispense with scaffolding because ashlar units are individually stable. B Use the wall's exposed joints as supports for unsecured working planks. C Make large permanent openings in the finished stone faces for temporary scaffold supports. D Provide properly designed double scaffolding with two sets of vertical supports, protecting the dressed masonry faces.

Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21

A door frame must be incorporated into a rubble stone masonry wall. The site team proposes fixing it only by wedging small loose stones between the frame and surrounding masonry. Which alternative is most appropriate?

A Leave the frame unrestrained until the masonry has completely hardened. B Use approved holdfasts or other specified anchorage securely embedded in prepared masonry or concrete pockets, while maintaining the required jamb geometry and bond. C Fix the frame using plaster alone, without mechanical anchorage. D Provide dry rubble packing around the frame and omit the specified mortar joints.

Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22

A rectangular rubble stone masonry wall has a measured length of 7.20 m, height of 2.50 m and uniform thickness of 0.60 m. It contains one full-thickness opening measuring 1.20 m by 1.50 m. For this problem, deduct the FULL opening volume and make no other adjustments. What is the net masonry volume?

A 9.720 m3. B 10.800 m3. C 9.180 m3. D 10.260 m3.

Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23

A straight stone masonry foundation segment is 12.00 m long, with no intersecting walls or openings. It contains two vertically separate centred courses: a lower course 0.80 m wide and 0.35 m high, and an upper course 0.60 m wide and 0.25 m high. Both courses are built in cement mortar and measured by their gross geometrical masonry volumes. What is the combined quantity?

A 4.560 m3. B 5.760 m3. C 5.160 m3. D 6.120 m3.

Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24

A straight stone masonry retaining-wall section is 10.00 m long and 2.00 m high. Its thickness tapers uniformly and linearly from 0.90 m at the base to 0.50 m at the top, giving a trapezoidal vertical cross-section. There are no openings, projections or deductions. What is the gross masonry volume?

A 10.00 m3. B 12.00 m3. C 18.00 m3. D 14.00 m3.

Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25

A detailed estimate contains random rubble foundation masonry, exposed dressed ashlar masonry and separately specified pointing to some masonry faces. Which measurement and rate-checking approach is most appropriate?

A Describe the masonry classes separately, calculate their applicable quantities, and check whether pointing and finishing are included in or excluded from the respective item rates. B Combine all stone masonry into one undifferentiated item because all stones are natural materials. C Add the same pointing cost to every masonry item even where pointing is already included in the rate. D Use the exposed wall area alone as the volume of every foundation and superstructure masonry item.

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