అంతర్జాతీయ సంఘటనలు మరియు సంబంధాలు - టెస్ట్ 85 - వాతావరణ, ఆరోగ్య, ఆహార భద్రత మరియు మానవతా దౌత్యం
Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which statement correctly distinguishes the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP) from the CMA?
UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP) మరియు CMA మధ్య సరైన తేడాను చూపించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The COP is the supreme decision-making body of the UNFCCC and normally meets annually.
• The CMA oversees implementation of the Paris Agreement and takes decisions to promote its effective implementation.
• States that are UNFCCC Parties but not Paris Agreement Parties may participate in the CMA as observers, without decision-making rights.
• The CMA oversees implementation of the Paris Agreement and takes decisions to promote its effective implementation.
• States that are UNFCCC Parties but not Paris Agreement Parties may participate in the CMA as observers, without decision-making rights.
వివరణ:
• COP UNFCCC యొక్క supreme decision-making body మరియు సాధారణంగా annually సమావేశమవుతుంది.
• CMA Paris Agreement implementationను oversee చేసి effective implementation కోసం decisions తీసుకుంటుంది.
• Paris Agreement Parties కాని UNFCCC Parties CMAలో observersగా participate చేయవచ్చు కానీ decision-making rights ఉండవు.
• CMA Paris Agreement implementationను oversee చేసి effective implementation కోసం decisions తీసుకుంటుంది.
• Paris Agreement Parties కాని UNFCCC Parties CMAలో observersగా participate చేయవచ్చు కానీ decision-making rights ఉండవు.
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Under the UNFCCC, what does the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities' broadly mean?
UNFCCC కింద 'common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities' principle broadly ఏమి సూచిస్తుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• UNFCCC Article 3 links climate action with equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.
• The Convention states that developed country Parties should take the lead in combating climate change and its adverse effects.
• The principle does not mean that developing countries have no climate responsibilities.
• The Convention states that developed country Parties should take the lead in combating climate change and its adverse effects.
• The principle does not mean that developing countries have no climate responsibilities.
వివరణ:
• UNFCCC Article 3 climate actionను equity మరియు common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilitiesతో link చేస్తుంది.
• Developed country Parties climate change మరియు దాని adverse effectsను ఎదుర్కొనడంలో lead తీసుకోవాలని Convention పేర్కొంటుంది.
• Developing countriesకు ఎలాంటి climate responsibilities లేవని ఈ principle అర్థం కాదు.
• Developed country Parties climate change మరియు దాని adverse effectsను ఎదుర్కొనడంలో lead తీసుకోవాలని Convention పేర్కొంటుంది.
• Developing countriesకు ఎలాంటి climate responsibilities లేవని ఈ principle అర్థం కాదు.
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
What is the central temperature goal of the Paris Agreement?
Paris Agreement యొక్క central temperature goal ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change.
• Its overarching temperature goal is well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels while pursuing efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C.
• The 1.5°C element is therefore part of the Agreement's stated long-term ambition.
• Its overarching temperature goal is well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels while pursuing efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C.
• The 1.5°C element is therefore part of the Agreement's stated long-term ambition.
వివరణ:
• Paris Agreement climate changeపై legally binding international treaty.
• Pre-industrial levelsకంటే temperature increaseను well below 2°C వద్ద ఉంచి 1.5°Cకు limit చేయడానికి efforts pursue చేయడం దీని overarching goal.
• అందువల్ల 1.5°C objective Agreement long-term ambitionలో భాగం.
• Pre-industrial levelsకంటే temperature increaseను well below 2°C వద్ద ఉంచి 1.5°Cకు limit చేయడానికి efforts pursue చేయడం దీని overarching goal.
• అందువల్ల 1.5°C objective Agreement long-term ambitionలో భాగం.
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which statement correctly describes Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement?
Paris Agreement కింద Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)ను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• NDCs are the national climate commitments at the heart of the Paris Agreement.
• Parties communicate successive NDCs every five years.
• Successive NDCs are expected to represent progression and reflect the Party's highest possible ambition in light of national circumstances.
• Parties communicate successive NDCs every five years.
• Successive NDCs are expected to represent progression and reflect the Party's highest possible ambition in light of national circumstances.
వివరణ:
• NDCs Paris Agreementలోని national climate commitments.
• Parties ప్రతి five yearsకు successive NDCs communicate చేస్తాయి.
• Successive NDCs progressionను represent చేసి national circumstances ప్రకారం highest possible ambitionను reflect చేయాలని expected.
• Parties ప్రతి five yearsకు successive NDCs communicate చేస్తాయి.
• Successive NDCs progressionను represent చేసి national circumstances ప్రకారం highest possible ambitionను reflect చేయాలని expected.
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
What is the principal purpose of the Paris Agreement's Global Stocktake (GST)?
Paris Agreement Global Stocktake (GST) యొక్క principal purpose ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The GST assesses collective—not individual-country—progress under the Paris Agreement.
• The first GST concluded at COP28 in 2023.
• The Paris framework provides for a global stocktake every five years, and its outcome is intended to inform subsequent NDCs and international cooperation.
• The first GST concluded at COP28 in 2023.
• The Paris framework provides for a global stocktake every five years, and its outcome is intended to inform subsequent NDCs and international cooperation.
వివరణ:
• GST Paris Agreement కింద individual-country performance కాకుండా collective progressను assess చేస్తుంది.
• First GST 2023లో COP28 వద్ద conclude అయింది.
• Paris framework ప్రతి five yearsకు GSTను నిర్వహించి దాని outcomeను subsequent NDCs మరియు international cooperationకు inform చేయాలని provides చేస్తుంది.
• First GST 2023లో COP28 వద్ద conclude అయింది.
• Paris framework ప్రతి five yearsకు GSTను నిర్వహించి దాని outcomeను subsequent NDCs మరియు international cooperationకు inform చేయాలని provides చేస్తుంది.
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which statement correctly describes the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG) agreed at COP29 in 2024?
COP29లో 2024లో agreed అయిన New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG)ను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• COP29 agreed a new climate-finance goal for developing countries of at least USD 300 billion per year by 2035, with developed country Parties taking the lead and finance drawn from a wide variety of sources.
• The decision also calls on all actors to work together to enable climate finance from all public and private sources to scale to at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035.
• The two figures should not be treated as identical obligations.
• The decision also calls on all actors to work together to enable climate finance from all public and private sources to scale to at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035.
• The two figures should not be treated as identical obligations.
వివరణ:
• COP29 developing countries కోసం 2035 నాటికి సంవత్సరానికి కనీసం USD 300 billion climate-finance goalను agree చేసింది; developed country Parties lead తీసుకోవాలి మరియు wide variety of sources నుంచి finance రావచ్చు.
• అన్ని public మరియు private sources నుంచి climate financeను కనీసం USD 1.3 trillion per yearకు scale చేయడానికి all actors కలిసి పనిచేయాలని decision calls చేస్తుంది.
• ఈ రెండు figuresను identical obligationsగా చూడకూడదు.
• అన్ని public మరియు private sources నుంచి climate financeను కనీసం USD 1.3 trillion per yearకు scale చేయడానికి all actors కలిసి పనిచేయాలని decision calls చేస్తుంది.
• ఈ రెండు figuresను identical obligationsగా చూడకూడదు.
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which statement most accurately describes the Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T issued in 2025?
2025లో issued అయిన Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3Tను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Baku to Belém Roadmap was developed through work led by the COP29 and COP30 Presidencies in 2025.
• It is a coherent reference framework for existing initiatives, concepts and leverage points rather than a new tax or stand-alone financing mechanism.
• The Roadmap aims to support scaling external finance flows for climate action to developing countries toward at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035 and does not prejudge implementation of the separate NCQG decision.
• It is a coherent reference framework for existing initiatives, concepts and leverage points rather than a new tax or stand-alone financing mechanism.
• The Roadmap aims to support scaling external finance flows for climate action to developing countries toward at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035 and does not prejudge implementation of the separate NCQG decision.
వివరణ:
• Baku to Belém Roadmap 2025లో COP29 మరియు COP30 Presidencies lead చేసిన work ద్వారా developed అయింది.
• ఇది కొత్త tax లేదా stand-alone financing mechanism కాకుండా existing initiatives, concepts మరియు leverage pointsకు coherent reference framework.
• Developing countriesకు external climate-finance flowsను 2035 నాటికి కనీసం USD 1.3 trillion per year వైపు scale చేయడంలో support చేయడం దీని లక్ష్యం; separate NCQG decision implementationను ఇది prejudge చేయదు.
• ఇది కొత్త tax లేదా stand-alone financing mechanism కాకుండా existing initiatives, concepts మరియు leverage pointsకు coherent reference framework.
• Developing countriesకు external climate-finance flowsను 2035 నాటికి కనీసం USD 1.3 trillion per year వైపు scale చేయడంలో support చేయడం దీని లక్ష్యం; separate NCQG decision implementationను ఇది prejudge చేయదు.
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which statement correctly describes the Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD)?
Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD)ను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• COP27 and CMA4 established new funding arrangements, including a fund for responding to loss and damage.
• COP28 and CMA5 adopted the decisions operationalizing the Fund.
• The FRLD assists developing countries particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in responding to economic and non-economic loss and damage, including impacts from extreme weather and slow-onset events.
• COP28 and CMA5 adopted the decisions operationalizing the Fund.
• The FRLD assists developing countries particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in responding to economic and non-economic loss and damage, including impacts from extreme weather and slow-onset events.
వివరణ:
• COP27 మరియు CMA4 loss and damageకు respond చేయడానికి new funding arrangementsతో పాటు fundను establish చేశాయి.
• COP28 మరియు CMA5 Fund operationalizationకు సంబంధించిన decisionsను adopt చేశాయి.
• FRLD climate change adverse effectsకు particularly vulnerable అయిన developing countriesకు economic మరియు non-economic loss and damage, extreme weather మరియు slow-onset events impactsకు respond చేయడంలో assistance అందిస్తుంది.
• COP28 మరియు CMA5 Fund operationalizationకు సంబంధించిన decisionsను adopt చేశాయి.
• FRLD climate change adverse effectsకు particularly vulnerable అయిన developing countriesకు economic మరియు non-economic loss and damage, extreme weather మరియు slow-onset events impactsకు respond చేయడంలో assistance అందిస్తుంది.
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which statement most accurately describes the status of the WHO Pandemic Agreement as of September 2026?
సెప్టెంబర్ 2026 నాటికి WHO Pandemic Agreement statusను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Seventy-eighth World Health Assembly adopted the WHO Pandemic Agreement on 20 May 2025.
• Under Article 31 and the adopting resolution, the Agreement opens for signature after the World Health Assembly adopts the PABS annex.
• WHO confirmed in September 2026 that negotiations on that annex were still continuing, so adoption of the Agreement should not be confused with signature, ratification or entry into force.
• Under Article 31 and the adopting resolution, the Agreement opens for signature after the World Health Assembly adopts the PABS annex.
• WHO confirmed in September 2026 that negotiations on that annex were still continuing, so adoption of the Agreement should not be confused with signature, ratification or entry into force.
వివరణ:
• Seventy-eighth World Health Assembly 20 మే 2025న WHO Pandemic Agreementను adopt చేసింది.
• Article 31 మరియు adopting resolution ప్రకారం World Health Assembly PABS annexను adopt చేసిన తర్వాత Agreement signatureకు open అవుతుంది.
• సెప్టెంబర్ 2026లో కూడా annex negotiations కొనసాగుతున్నాయని WHO confirm చేసింది; కాబట్టి Agreement adoptionను signature, ratification లేదా entry into forceతో కలపకూడదు.
• Article 31 మరియు adopting resolution ప్రకారం World Health Assembly PABS annexను adopt చేసిన తర్వాత Agreement signatureకు open అవుతుంది.
• సెప్టెంబర్ 2026లో కూడా annex negotiations కొనసాగుతున్నాయని WHO confirm చేసింది; కాబట్టి Agreement adoptionను signature, ratification లేదా entry into forceతో కలపకూడదు.
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
What is the intended purpose of the Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) system under the WHO Pandemic Agreement?
WHO Pandemic Agreement కింద Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) system intended purpose ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• PABS is designed around linked objectives of rapid and timely access to pathogen materials and sequence information and fair and equitable benefit sharing.
• Relevant benefits include pandemic vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics arising from use of the shared materials or information.
• As of September 2026, Member States were still negotiating the detailed PABS annex.
• Relevant benefits include pandemic vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics arising from use of the shared materials or information.
• As of September 2026, Member States were still negotiating the detailed PABS annex.
వివరణ:
• PABS rapid మరియు timely pathogen materials/sequence information accessతో పాటు fair మరియు equitable benefit sharing అనే linked objectives చుట్టూ designed అయింది.
• Shared materials లేదా information use నుంచి వచ్చే pandemic vaccines, therapeutics మరియు diagnostics relevant benefitsలో ఉన్నాయి.
• సెప్టెంబర్ 2026 నాటికి detailed PABS annexపై Member States negotiations కొనసాగుతున్నాయి.
• Shared materials లేదా information use నుంచి వచ్చే pandemic vaccines, therapeutics మరియు diagnostics relevant benefitsలో ఉన్నాయి.
• సెప్టెంబర్ 2026 నాటికి detailed PABS annexపై Member States negotiations కొనసాగుతున్నాయి.
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which statement correctly describes the 2024 amendments to the International Health Regulations (IHR)?
International Health Regulations (IHR)కు 2024 amendmentsను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• WHO Member States adopted the 2024 IHR amendments by consensus at the Seventy-seventh World Health Assembly.
• The amendments entered into force on 19 September 2025 for most States Parties; WHO reported that eleven of the 196 IHR States Parties had rejected the 2024 amendments, for whom previous IHR provisions continue to apply unless those rejections are withdrawn.
• Important changes include the 'pandemic emergency' concept and establishment of National IHR Authorities.
• The amendments entered into force on 19 September 2025 for most States Parties; WHO reported that eleven of the 196 IHR States Parties had rejected the 2024 amendments, for whom previous IHR provisions continue to apply unless those rejections are withdrawn.
• Important changes include the 'pandemic emergency' concept and establishment of National IHR Authorities.
వివరణ:
• WHO Member States 2024 IHR amendmentsను Seventy-seventh World Health Assemblyలో consensusతో adopt చేశాయి.
• Amendments most States Partiesకు 19 సెప్టెంబర్ 2025న forceలోకి వచ్చాయి; 196 IHR States Partiesలో 11 States 2024 amendmentsను reject చేశాయని WHO తెలిపింది, కాబట్టి rejection withdraw చేయనంత వరకు వారికి previous IHR provisions apply అవుతాయి.
• 'Pandemic emergency' concept మరియు National IHR Authorities establishment ముఖ్య changes.
• Amendments most States Partiesకు 19 సెప్టెంబర్ 2025న forceలోకి వచ్చాయి; 196 IHR States Partiesలో 11 States 2024 amendmentsను reject చేశాయని WHO తెలిపింది, కాబట్టి rejection withdraw చేయనంత వరకు వారికి previous IHR provisions apply అవుతాయి.
• 'Pandemic emergency' concept మరియు National IHR Authorities establishment ముఖ్య changes.
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Which statement correctly reflects national sovereignty under the WHO Pandemic Agreement and the IHR?
WHO Pandemic Agreement మరియు IHR కింద national sovereigntyను సరైన విధంగా ప్రతిబింబించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• WHO explicitly states that the Pandemic Agreement does not grant it authority to impose lockdowns, vaccine mandates or similar domestic measures.
• WHO also states that under the IHR it serves as Secretariat without authority to compel action by countries.
• International obligations and cooperation therefore operate alongside, rather than eliminate, national sovereignty.
• WHO also states that under the IHR it serves as Secretariat without authority to compel action by countries.
• International obligations and cooperation therefore operate alongside, rather than eliminate, national sovereignty.
వివరణ:
• Pandemic Agreement lockdowns, vaccine mandates లేదా similar domestic measures impose చేసే authority WHOకు ఇవ్వదని WHO explicitly states.
• IHR కింద కూడా WHO Secretariatగా పనిచేస్తుంది; countriesను action తీసుకోమని compel చేసే authority లేదని WHO పేర్కొంటుంది.
• అందువల్ల international obligations మరియు cooperation national sovereigntyను eliminate చేయకుండా దానితో పాటు operate అవుతాయి.
• IHR కింద కూడా WHO Secretariatగా పనిచేస్తుంది; countriesను action తీసుకోమని compel చేసే authority లేదని WHO పేర్కొంటుంది.
• అందువల్ల international obligations మరియు cooperation national sovereigntyను eliminate చేయకుండా దానితో పాటు operate అవుతాయి.
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Under the amended IHR, what is a 'pandemic emergency'?
Amended IHR కింద 'pandemic emergency' అంటే ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The amended IHR define a pandemic emergency as a PHEIC caused by a communicable disease that meets additional specified conditions.
• Those conditions concern wide geographical spread, pressure on health-system capacity, substantial social or economic disruption, and the need for rapid, equitable and enhanced coordinated international action.
• The concept therefore builds on rather than replaces the PHEIC mechanism.
• Those conditions concern wide geographical spread, pressure on health-system capacity, substantial social or economic disruption, and the need for rapid, equitable and enhanced coordinated international action.
• The concept therefore builds on rather than replaces the PHEIC mechanism.
వివరణ:
• Amended IHR pandemic emergencyను communicable disease వల్ల ఏర్పడిన మరియు additional specified conditionsను meet చేసే PHEICగా define చేస్తాయి.
• ఆ conditionsలో wide geographical spread, health-system capacityపై pressure, substantial social/economic disruption మరియు rapid, equitable, enhanced coordinated international action అవసరం ఉన్నాయి.
• కాబట్టి ఈ concept PHEIC mechanismపై build అవుతుంది; దాన్ని replace చేయదు.
• ఆ conditionsలో wide geographical spread, health-system capacityపై pressure, substantial social/economic disruption మరియు rapid, equitable, enhanced coordinated international action అవసరం ఉన్నాయి.
• కాబట్టి ఈ concept PHEIC mechanismపై build అవుతుంది; దాన్ని replace చేయదు.
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which set correctly identifies the four commonly recognized dimensions of food security?
Food securityకు commonly recognized four dimensionsను సరైన విధంగా చూపే set ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• FAO identifies four principal dimensions of food security: availability, access, utilization and stability.
• Food availability alone does not guarantee food security if people cannot physically or economically access nutritious food.
• Stability matters because access, availability and utilization need to be sustained over time.
• Food availability alone does not guarantee food security if people cannot physically or economically access nutritious food.
• Stability matters because access, availability and utilization need to be sustained over time.
వివరణ:
• FAO food securityకు availability, access, utilization మరియు stability అనే four principal dimensionsను identify చేస్తుంది.
• Nutritious food physically లేదా economically access చేయలేకపోతే availability alone food securityను guarantee చేయదు.
• Access, availability మరియు utilization కాలక్రమంలో sustainedగా ఉండాలి కాబట్టి stability కూడా ముఖ్యమైనది.
• Nutritious food physically లేదా economically access చేయలేకపోతే availability alone food securityను guarantee చేయదు.
• Access, availability మరియు utilization కాలక్రమంలో sustainedగా ఉండాలి కాబట్టి stability కూడా ముఖ్యమైనది.
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
According to the 2026 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) report, approximately how many people faced hunger in 2025?
2026 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) report ప్రకారం 2025లో approximately ఎంతమంది hungerను faced చేశారు?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• SOFI 2026 estimated that about 645 million people, or 7.8% of the global population, faced hunger in 2025.
• This represented a decline of nearly 14 million people compared with 2024 and about 43 million compared with 2022.
• The approximately 2.1 billion figure refers instead to people experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity in 2025.
• This represented a decline of nearly 14 million people compared with 2024 and about 43 million compared with 2022.
• The approximately 2.1 billion figure refers instead to people experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity in 2025.
వివరణ:
• SOFI 2026 ప్రకారం 2025లో సుమారు 645 million people, అంటే global populationలో 7.8%, hungerను faced చేశారు.
• ఇది 2024తో పోలిస్తే nearly 14 million మరియు 2022తో పోలిస్తే about 43 million తగ్గుదలను సూచిస్తుంది.
• Approximately 2.1 billion figure మాత్రం 2025లో moderate లేదా severe food insecurityను experienced చేసిన peopleకు సంబంధించినది.
• ఇది 2024తో పోలిస్తే nearly 14 million మరియు 2022తో పోలిస్తే about 43 million తగ్గుదలను సూచిస్తుంది.
• Approximately 2.1 billion figure మాత్రం 2025లో moderate లేదా severe food insecurityను experienced చేసిన peopleకు సంబంధించినది.
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
Which statement correctly describes the Committee on World Food Security (CFS)?
Committee on World Food Security (CFS)ను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• CFS is the foremost inclusive international and intergovernmental platform in the field of food security and nutrition.
• It uses an inclusive multi-stakeholder model while remaining an intergovernmental platform.
• FAO, IFAD and WFP provide technical support to the Committee, and its Secretariat is located at FAO headquarters in Rome.
• It uses an inclusive multi-stakeholder model while remaining an intergovernmental platform.
• FAO, IFAD and WFP provide technical support to the Committee, and its Secretariat is located at FAO headquarters in Rome.
వివరణ:
• CFS food security మరియు nutrition రంగంలో foremost inclusive international and intergovernmental platform.
• ఇది intergovernmental platformగా ఉండి inclusive multi-stakeholder modelను ఉపయోగిస్తుంది.
• FAO, IFAD మరియు WFP Committeeకు technical support అందిస్తాయి; Secretariat Romeలోని FAO headquartersలో ఉంది.
• ఇది intergovernmental platformగా ఉండి inclusive multi-stakeholder modelను ఉపయోగిస్తుంది.
• FAO, IFAD మరియు WFP Committeeకు technical support అందిస్తాయి; Secretariat Romeలోని FAO headquartersలో ఉంది.
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
What is the principal role of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)?
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) యొక్క principal role ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• OCHA is part of the UN Secretariat and its central mandate is humanitarian coordination.
• OCHA brings humanitarian actors together, supports information management and resource mobilization, and advocates for principled humanitarian action.
• OCHA itself is not primarily a direct provider of food, shelter or health services.
• OCHA brings humanitarian actors together, supports information management and resource mobilization, and advocates for principled humanitarian action.
• OCHA itself is not primarily a direct provider of food, shelter or health services.
వివరణ:
• OCHA UN Secretariatలో భాగం; humanitarian coordination దీని central mandate.
• Humanitarian actorsను together తీసుకురావడం, information management మరియు resource mobilizationను support చేయడం, principled humanitarian action కోసం advocate చేయడం OCHA functions.
• OCHA ప్రధానంగా food, shelter లేదా health services direct provider కాదు.
• Humanitarian actorsను together తీసుకురావడం, information management మరియు resource mobilizationను support చేయడం, principled humanitarian action కోసం advocate చేయడం OCHA functions.
• OCHA ప్రధానంగా food, shelter లేదా health services direct provider కాదు.
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which statement correctly describes the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)?
Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)ను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• CERF was established by the UN General Assembly to help humanitarian responders access timely life-saving funding.
• Its Rapid Response window supports sudden-onset, new or rapidly deteriorating emergencies.
• Its Underfunded Emergencies window directs resources toward critically underfunded humanitarian crises.
• Its Rapid Response window supports sudden-onset, new or rapidly deteriorating emergencies.
• Its Underfunded Emergencies window directs resources toward critically underfunded humanitarian crises.
వివరణ:
• CERF timely life-saving fundingను humanitarian respondersకు అందించడానికి UN General Assembly ద్వారా establish చేయబడింది.
• Rapid Response window sudden-onset, new లేదా rapidly deteriorating emergenciesను support చేస్తుంది.
• Underfunded Emergencies window critically underfunded humanitarian crisesకు resourcesను direct చేస్తుంది.
• Rapid Response window sudden-onset, new లేదా rapidly deteriorating emergenciesను support చేస్తుంది.
• Underfunded Emergencies window critically underfunded humanitarian crisesకు resourcesను direct చేస్తుంది.
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which option correctly lists the four priorities for action under the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030?
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 కింద four priorities for actionను సరైన విధంగా చూపేది ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Sendai Framework covers 2015–2030 and is the principal global framework for disaster risk reduction.
• Its four priorities concern understanding disaster risk, strengthening risk governance, investing in resilience, and enhancing preparedness for effective response.
• The fourth priority explicitly includes 'Build Back Better' in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.
• Its four priorities concern understanding disaster risk, strengthening risk governance, investing in resilience, and enhancing preparedness for effective response.
• The fourth priority explicitly includes 'Build Back Better' in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.
వివరణ:
• Sendai Framework 2015–2030ను cover చేస్తూ disaster risk reductionకు principal global frameworkగా ఉంది.
• Four priorities disaster risk understanding, risk governance strengthening, resilience investment మరియు effective response preparednessను cover చేస్తాయి.
• Fourth priority recovery, rehabilitation మరియు reconstructionలో 'Build Back Better' conceptను explicitly include చేస్తుంది.
• Four priorities disaster risk understanding, risk governance strengthening, resilience investment మరియు effective response preparednessను cover చేస్తాయి.
• Fourth priority recovery, rehabilitation మరియు reconstructionలో 'Build Back Better' conceptను explicitly include చేస్తుంది.
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which statement correctly describes the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)?
Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)ను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• India launched CDRI at the UN Climate Action Summit in September 2019.
• CDRI brings together national governments, UN agencies, multilateral development banks, the private sector, academia and other partners around climate- and disaster-resilient infrastructure.
• It is a cooperative global partnership rather than a military alliance or compulsory building-code treaty.
• CDRI brings together national governments, UN agencies, multilateral development banks, the private sector, academia and other partners around climate- and disaster-resilient infrastructure.
• It is a cooperative global partnership rather than a military alliance or compulsory building-code treaty.
వివరణ:
• India September 2019 UN Climate Action Summitలో CDRIను launch చేసింది.
• Climate- మరియు disaster-resilient infrastructure కోసం national governments, UN agencies, multilateral development banks, private sector, academia మరియు ఇతర partnersను CDRI కలుపుతుంది.
• ఇది military alliance లేదా compulsory building-code treaty కాకుండా cooperative global partnership.
• Climate- మరియు disaster-resilient infrastructure కోసం national governments, UN agencies, multilateral development banks, private sector, academia మరియు ఇతర partnersను CDRI కలుపుతుంది.
• ఇది military alliance లేదా compulsory building-code treaty కాకుండా cooperative global partnership.
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: A. The COP is the supreme decision-making body of the UNFCCC, while the CMA is the meeting of Parties to the Paris Agreement that oversees implementation of that Agreement సమాధానం: A. COP అనేది UNFCCC యొక్క supreme decision-making body; CMA అనేది Paris Agreement Parties సమావేశమై ఆ Agreement implementationను oversee చేసే body
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: B. All Parties share responsibility for protecting the climate system, but responsibilities and capacities are differentiated, with developed country Parties expected to take the lead సమాధానం: B. Climate systemను protect చేయడంలో అన్ని Partiesకు responsibility ఉంటుంది; అయితే responsibilities మరియు capabilities differentiatedగా ఉంటాయి, developed country Parties lead తీసుకోవాలని Convention పేర్కొంటుంది
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: B. To hold the increase in global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C సమాధానం: B. Global average temperature increaseను pre-industrial levelsకంటే well below 2°C వద్ద ఉంచి, దాన్ని 1.5°Cకు limit చేయడానికి efforts pursue చేయడం
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: B. Each Party communicates successive nationally determined climate commitments, normally on a five-year cycle, with successive NDCs expected to represent progression సమాధానం: B. ప్రతి Party successive nationally determined climate commitmentsను సాధారణంగా five-year cycleలో communicate చేస్తుంది; successive NDCs progressionను represent చేయాలని expected
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. To assess collective progress toward the purpose and long-term goals of the Paris Agreement and inform subsequent climate action and NDCs సమాధానం: B. Paris Agreement purpose మరియు long-term goals వైపు collective progressను assess చేసి subsequent climate action మరియు NDCsను inform చేయడం
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: B. It calls for climate-finance support to developing countries to reach at least USD 300 billion per year by 2035, with developed countries taking the lead, while also calling on all actors to enable scaling finance from all sources to at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035 సమాధానం: B. Developing countriesకు climate-finance supportను 2035 నాటికి సంవత్సరానికి కనీసం USD 300 billionకు పెంచాలని, developed countries lead తీసుకోవాలని పేర్కొంటుంది; అలాగే అన్ని sources నుంచి financeను 2035 నాటికి కనీసం USD 1.3 trillion per yearకు scale up చేయడానికి all actors కలిసి పనిచేయాలని calls చేస్తుంది
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: B. It is a reference framework identifying pathways and leverage points for scaling external climate-finance flows to developing countries toward at least USD 1.3 trillion per year by 2035; it does not itself create a new financing mechanism సమాధానం: B. Developing countriesకు external climate-finance flowsను 2035 నాటికి కనీసం USD 1.3 trillion per year వైపు scale చేయడానికి pathways మరియు leverage pointsను identify చేసే reference framework; ఇది స్వయంగా కొత్త financing mechanismను create చేయదు
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: A. It was established at COP27 and operationalized through decisions at COP28 to assist developing countries particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in responding to economic and non-economic loss and damage సమాధానం: A. ఇది COP27లో establish అయి COP28 decisions ద్వారా operationalize చేయబడింది; climate change adverse effectsకు particularly vulnerable అయిన developing countries economic మరియు non-economic loss and damageకు respond చేయడంలో assistance అందించడం దీని purpose
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: B. It was adopted by the World Health Assembly on 20 May 2025, but the PABS annex was still under negotiation in September 2026; the Agreement is to open for signature only after that annex is adopted సమాధానం: B. World Health Assembly 20 మే 2025న adopt చేసింది; కానీ సెప్టెంబర్ 2026లో PABS annex ఇంకా negotiationలో ఉంది; ఆ annex adopt అయిన తర్వాత మాత్రమే Agreement signatureకు open అవుతుంది
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: B. To facilitate rapid and timely sharing of pathogens with pandemic potential and related sequence information while ensuring rapid, timely, fair and equitable sharing of benefits such as vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics సమాధానం: B. Pandemic potential ఉన్న pathogens మరియు related sequence information rapid మరియు timely sharingను facilitate చేస్తూ vaccines, diagnostics మరియు therapeutics వంటి benefits rapid, timely, fair మరియు equitable sharingను ensure చేయడం
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: B. They entered into force for most IHR States Parties on 19 September 2025 and introduced provisions including a new 'pandemic emergency' alert level and National IHR Authorities సమాధానం: B. Most IHR States Partiesకు 19 సెప్టెంబర్ 2025న forceలోకి వచ్చాయి; new 'pandemic emergency' alert level మరియు National IHR Authorities వంటి provisionsను introduce చేశాయి
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: C. States retain sovereign authority over domestic health policy; these instruments do not give WHO authority to compel countries to impose measures such as lockdowns or vaccine mandates సమాధానం: C. States domestic health policyపై sovereign authority retain చేస్తాయి; lockdowns లేదా vaccine mandates వంటి measuresను countriesపై compel చేసే authority ఈ instruments WHOకు ఇవ్వవు
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: A. A Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) caused by a communicable disease that also meets additional criteria concerning wide geographical spread, health-system capacity, major disruption and the need for rapid, equitable and enhanced coordinated international action సమాధానం: A. Communicable disease వల్ల ఏర్పడిన Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), అదనంగా wide geographical spread, health-system capacityపై pressure, major disruption మరియు rapid, equitable, enhanced coordinated international action అవసరం వంటి criteriaను meet చేసేది
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. Availability, access, utilization and stability సమాధానం: A. Availability, access, utilization మరియు stability
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. About 645 million people, or 7.8% of the global population సమాధానం: B. సుమారు 645 million people, అంటే global populationలో 7.8%
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: A. It is the foremost inclusive international and intergovernmental platform for food security and nutrition, supported technically by FAO, IFAD and WFP సమాధానం: A. ఇది food security మరియు nutrition కోసం foremost inclusive international and intergovernmental platform; FAO, IFAD మరియు WFP technical support అందిస్తాయి
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. To coordinate humanitarian actors so that emergency responses are coherent, timely and principled, while supporting information management, advocacy and humanitarian financing సమాధానం: B. Emergency responses coherent, timely మరియు principledగా ఉండేలా humanitarian actorsను coordinate చేయడం; information management, advocacy మరియు humanitarian financingను support చేయడం
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. It is the UN's global emergency fund with a Rapid Response window for new or rapidly deteriorating emergencies and an Underfunded Emergencies window for critically underfunded crises సమాధానం: B. ఇది UN global emergency fund; new లేదా rapidly deteriorating emergencies కోసం Rapid Response window మరియు critically underfunded crises కోసం Underfunded Emergencies window ఉన్నాయి
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: A. Understanding disaster risk; strengthening disaster risk governance; investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience; enhancing preparedness for effective response and Build Back Better in recovery సమాధానం: A. Disaster riskను understand చేయడం; disaster risk governanceను strengthen చేయడం; resilience కోసం disaster risk reductionలో invest చేయడం; effective response కోసం preparednessను enhance చేసి recoveryలో Build Back Better చేయడం
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: A. It is an India-launched global coalition announced at the UN Climate Action Summit in 2019 to strengthen the resilience of infrastructure systems to climate and disaster risks సమాధానం: A. Climate మరియు disaster risksకు infrastructure systems resilienceను strengthen చేయడానికి India 2019 UN Climate Action Summitలో announce చేసిన global coalition