Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
What is the primary purpose of a database report?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A database report is primarily a presentation object used to display database information in an organized and readable form.
• Reports can include grouping, sorting, totals, headings and other formatting useful for summaries or printed output.
• Reports normally obtain data from underlying database sources rather than replacing the tables that store the data.
• Reports can include grouping, sorting, totals, headings and other formatting useful for summaries or printed output.
• Reports normally obtain data from underlying database sources rather than replacing the tables that store the data.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
In a database application such as Microsoft Access, which can serve as the record source for a report?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A report obtains the data it displays from a record source.
• In Access, a table, named query or suitable query can provide the rows and fields required by the report.
• The report design controls presentation, while the underlying table or query supplies the database data.
• In Access, a table, named query or suitable query can provide the rows and fields required by the report.
• The report design controls presentation, while the underlying table or query supplies the database data.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
A database contains sales records for several districts. A report must show each district as a separate section and calculate the total sales within each district. Which report feature is most appropriate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Grouping organizes report records into meaningful sections according to a selected field such as District.
• Summary calculations can then produce totals or other aggregate information for each group.
• This is a standard database-reporting technique and does not require separate databases.
• Summary calculations can then produce totals or other aggregate information for each group.
• This is a standard database-reporting technique and does not require separate databases.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which statement best distinguishes a database table from a report?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Tables are fundamental database objects used to store structured records and fields.
• Reports are presentation-oriented objects that obtain information from tables or queries and display it in a formatted manner.
• Creating a report does not replace or destroy its underlying table.
• Reports are presentation-oriented objects that obtain information from tables or queries and display it in a formatted manner.
• Creating a report does not replace or destroy its underlying table.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Which statement correctly distinguishes a database view from a database report?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A view is a query-defined virtual or logical representation of underlying database data.
• A report is primarily designed to present, format, group or summarize information for viewing or printing.
• Although a report may obtain data through a query or view, the two objects serve different purposes.
• A report is primarily designed to present, format, group or summarize information for viewing or printing.
• Although a report may obtain data through a query or view, the two objects serve different purposes.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
A report is based on a table containing employee records. After the table is correctly updated, the report is opened again. What should normally be expected if the report retrieves current data from that record source?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A normal database report derives its displayed data from its defined record source when the report is generated or opened.
• Updates to the underlying table or query can therefore be reflected in a subsequently generated report.
• Report design and database data are separate concepts; redesigning the report is not normally required merely because record values changed.
• Updates to the underlying table or query can therefore be reflected in a subsequently generated report.
• Report design and database data are separate concepts; redesigning the report is not normally required merely because record values changed.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Before printing a database report, which feature is most useful for checking how its pages, headings, margins and records will appear on paper?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Print Preview shows the report in a form approximating its printed-page layout.
• It allows the user to inspect page arrangement, headings, margins and other presentation details before printing.
• Keys and transaction controls are database-integrity or transaction concepts, not page-preview functions.
• It allows the user to inspect page arrangement, headings, margins and other presentation details before printing.
• Keys and transaction controls are database-integrity or transaction concepts, not page-preview functions.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
A report contains 40 sales records with an Amount field. The user wants the report to display the sum of Amount for all displayed records. Which report capability is required?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Reports can summarize numeric data using aggregate calculations such as Sum, Average, Count, Minimum or Maximum where supported.
• A total of the Amount values is therefore obtained using a suitable SUM calculation.
• Keys and deadlocks have no role in calculating the displayed report total.
• A total of the Amount values is therefore obtained using a suitable SUM calculation.
• Keys and deadlocks have no role in calculating the displayed report total.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
A supervisor needs a printable report containing only active cases. The CASES table stores all cases, and a query already returns only rows where Status = 'Active'. Which design is most appropriate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A query can select only the records that satisfy required conditions and can then serve as a report record source.
• This separates data selection from report presentation and avoids deleting valid database records merely to produce a report.
• The CASES table can continue to contain both active and inactive records.
• This separates data selection from report presentation and avoids deleting valid database records merely to produce a report.
• The CASES table can continue to contain both active and inactive records.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which of the following is NOT normally the primary function of a database report?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Tables, rather than reports, are normally the fundamental structures used to store database records.
• Reports retrieve and present information from underlying record sources.
• Grouping, summaries and print-oriented formatting are legitimate reporting functions.
• Reports retrieve and present information from underlying record sources.
• Grouping, summaries and print-oriented formatting are legitimate reporting functions.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
A financial report must be generated only after a transaction transferring ₹10,000 between two accounts has successfully completed. The transfer's debit operation succeeds, but the credit operation fails and the transaction is rolled back. Which balance should a correctly generated report use?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Atomic transaction processing prevents the failed transfer from leaving only one half of the operation permanently applied.
• ROLLBACK restores the database from the incomplete transaction's uncommitted changes.
• A report intended to represent committed account information should therefore use the valid restored state rather than a temporary failed-transaction value.
• ROLLBACK restores the database from the incomplete transaction's uncommitted changes.
• A report intended to represent committed account information should therefore use the valid restored state rather than a temporary failed-transaction value.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
A report must show Employee_Name from EMPLOYEE and Department_Name from DEPARTMENT. The data is already combined correctly by a query joining the two related tables. What is the most suitable report design?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A query can combine related fields from multiple tables and provide the resulting rows to a report.
• Using that query as the record source keeps data retrieval logic separate from report formatting.
• The underlying relational organization and relationships remain intact.
• Using that query as the record source keeps data retrieval logic separate from report formatting.
• The underlying relational organization and relationships remain intact.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Two transactions read Stock = 100. T1 changes it to 90 and commits. T2, using the old value it had read, then changes it to 80 and commits, overwriting T1's result. Which database problem has occurred?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Both transactions based their changes on the same original value of 100.
• T2's later write overwrites the result previously committed by T1, causing T1's change to be lost.
• This is the classic lost-update concurrency anomaly.
• T2's later write overwrites the result previously committed by T1, causing T1's change to be lost.
• This is the classic lost-update concurrency anomaly.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
DEPARTMENT.Department_ID is a primary key, and EMPLOYEE.Department_ID is a foreign key referring to it. What is the main purpose of this organization?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The foreign key associates employee rows with valid department rows through corresponding key values.
• Referential integrity can prevent a non-NULL employee department reference from pointing to a nonexistent department.
• Multiple employee rows may legitimately reference the same department in a one-to-many relationship.
• Referential integrity can prevent a non-NULL employee department reference from pointing to a nonexistent department.
• Multiple employee rows may legitimately reference the same department in a one-to-many relationship.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
A database contains sensitive Salary information. Ordinary users require Employee_ID and Name for routine queries but should not see Salary. Which feature most directly provides a logical restricted representation of the table?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A view can expose selected columns while omitting sensitive columns from the logical representation presented to particular users.
• Appropriate permissions can then restrict users to that view rather than granting direct access to the complete underlying table.
• COMMIT and locking concern transaction processing rather than column-level presentation.
• Appropriate permissions can then restrict users to that view rather than granting direct access to the complete underlying table.
• COMMIT and locking concern transaction processing rather than column-level presentation.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A transaction has been committed successfully, and a report is generated after the database server restarts following an unexpected power failure. Which ACID property requires the committed transaction's effects to remain available?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Durability means that the effects of a successfully committed transaction persist despite subsequent system failures.
• Once COMMIT has successfully completed, the DBMS must preserve the transaction according to its recovery mechanisms.
• Atomicity concerns all-or-nothing execution, while isolation concerns concurrent transactions.
• Once COMMIT has successfully completed, the DBMS must preserve the transaction according to its recovery mechanisms.
• Atomicity concerns all-or-nothing execution, while isolation concerns concurrent transactions.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
A junction table ENROLLMENT stores Student_ID and Course_ID. A student can take many courses, and a course can contain many students. The same student-course pair must appear at most once. Which primary-key design is most appropriate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Student_ID alone cannot uniquely identify an enrollment because one student can enroll in several courses.
• Course_ID alone also cannot identify an enrollment because several students can join one course.
• The combination of Student_ID and Course_ID uniquely identifies the stated student-course association.
• Course_ID alone also cannot identify an enrollment because several students can join one course.
• The combination of Student_ID and Course_ID uniquely identifies the stated student-course association.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Why is concurrency control important when many users access and modify the same database?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Concurrent users can perform overlapping reads and modifications on shared database resources.
• Without suitable control, anomalies such as lost updates, dirty reads and other inconsistent results can occur.
• Concurrency-control mechanisms coordinate those operations while permitting useful multi-user access.
• Without suitable control, anomalies such as lost updates, dirty reads and other inconsistent results can occur.
• Concurrency-control mechanisms coordinate those operations while permitting useful multi-user access.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Consider the following statements about database reports and related DBMS concepts:
1. A report can obtain its data from a table or query.
2. Reports can group, sort and summarize database information.
3. A standard non-materialized view normally represents query-derived data rather than an independent ordinary copy of all result rows.
4. COMMIT is used to make a successfully completed transaction's changes permanent.
Which statements are correct?
1. A report can obtain its data from a table or query.
2. Reports can group, sort and summarize database information.
3. A standard non-materialized view normally represents query-derived data rather than an independent ordinary copy of all result rows.
4. COMMIT is used to make a successfully completed transaction's changes permanent.
Which statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statements 1 and 2 correctly describe ordinary database-reporting capabilities.
• Statement 3 correctly describes the logical nature of a standard non-materialized view.
• Statement 4 correctly states the role of COMMIT, so all four statements are correct.
• Statement 3 correctly describes the logical nature of a standard non-materialized view.
• Statement 4 correctly states the role of COMMIT, so all four statements are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Match List I with List II:
List I
(a) Report
(b) View
(c) COMMIT
(d) Concurrency control
List II
1. Makes the successful changes of a transaction permanent
2. Coordinates overlapping transactions to reduce incorrect interference
3. Formats and presents database information for users
4. Query-defined logical representation of underlying data
Choose the correct matching code.
List I
(a) Report
(b) View
(c) COMMIT
(d) Concurrency control
List II
1. Makes the successful changes of a transaction permanent
2. Coordinates overlapping transactions to reduce incorrect interference
3. Formats and presents database information for users
4. Query-defined logical representation of underlying data
Choose the correct matching code.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A report presents formatted database information, giving (a)-3.
• A view provides a query-defined logical representation, giving (b)-4.
• COMMIT makes successful transaction changes permanent, while concurrency control coordinates overlapping transactions, giving (c)-1 and (d)-2.
• A view provides a query-defined logical representation, giving (b)-4.
• COMMIT makes successful transaction changes permanent, while concurrency control coordinates overlapping transactions, giving (c)-1 and (d)-2.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. To present, format and summarize database information in a structured form suitable for viewing or printing సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: D. A table or a query containing the required report data సమాధానం: D.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. Grouping records by District and applying a summary calculation to each group సమాధానం: A.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: C. A table is primarily used to store structured data, whereas a report is primarily used to present and summarize data obtained from a record source. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: C. A view provides a query-defined logical representation of data, whereas a report primarily formats and presents database information for users. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: A. The report should display the current data obtained from its underlying record source. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: D. Print Preview సమాధానం: D.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: B. A calculated total or aggregate such as SUM సమాధానం: B.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: A. Use the filtered query as the report's record source. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: D. Serving as the fundamental permanent storage structure for database records సమాధానం: D.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: C. The restored committed database state after the incomplete transaction has been rolled back సమాధానం: C.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: B. Use the joining query as the report's record source. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: C. Lost update సమాధానం: C.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. To represent and enforce a valid relationship between employee records and existing department records సమాధానం: A.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. A view exposing only the permitted columns సమాధానం: B.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. Durability సమాధానం: D.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: A. A composite primary key consisting of Student_ID and Course_ID సమాధానం: A.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: C. It coordinates overlapping transactions to prevent inappropriate interference and help preserve consistent results. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: D. 1, 2, 3 and 4 సమాధానం: D.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: B. (a)-3, (b)-4, (c)-1, (d)-2 సమాధానం: B.