Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Consider the following statements about computer viruses:
1. A virus may reproduce by inserting or attaching its code to host files or boot-related areas.
2. Every unexplained slowdown of a computer proves that a virus is present.
3. Infected files and removable storage devices can act as sources of virus infection.
4. Installing antivirus software makes operating-system security updates unnecessary.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
1. A virus may reproduce by inserting or attaching its code to host files or boot-related areas.
2. Every unexplained slowdown of a computer proves that a virus is present.
3. Infected files and removable storage devices can act as sources of virus infection.
4. Installing antivirus software makes operating-system security updates unnecessary.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statements 1 and 3 correctly describe common virus behaviour and infection methods.
• Slow performance can have many hardware or software causes, so Statement 2 is too absolute.
• Antivirus protection does not eliminate the need for operating-system and application security updates.
• Slow performance can have many hardware or software causes, so Statement 2 is too absolute.
• Antivirus protection does not eliminate the need for operating-system and application security updates.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
An employee receives an unexpected executable attachment from an unknown sender. Which action provides the safest immediate response?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Executing an untrusted attachment can activate malicious code if the file is infected.
• Source verification and scanning with current antivirus protection reduce the risk of infection.
• Renaming or copying an untrusted executable does not make its contents safe.
• Source verification and scanning with current antivirus protection reduce the risk of infection.
• Renaming or copying an untrusted executable does not make its contents safe.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
A computer suddenly becomes slow, some files are unexpectedly modified and applications occasionally crash. Which conclusion is technically the most appropriate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Unexplained file changes, abnormal performance and application failures can occur during some virus infections.
• However, similar symptoms can also arise from storage, memory, driver or operating-system problems.
• Proper troubleshooting and antivirus scanning are required before identifying the cause.
• However, similar symptoms can also arise from storage, memory, driver or operating-system problems.
• Proper troubleshooting and antivirus scanning are required before identifying the cause.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which combination represents the BEST general practice for preventing computer-virus infection?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Effective prevention uses multiple protective measures rather than depending on a single tool.
• Updated antivirus software, security updates, cautious file handling and scanning of external media reduce infection risk.
• Backups do not prevent infection directly but provide important protection against data loss.
• Updated antivirus software, security updates, cautious file handling and scanning of external media reduce infection risk.
• Backups do not prevent infection directly but provide important protection against data loss.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
A traditional signature-based antivirus program has not yet received information about a newly created or significantly modified virus. What is the principal limitation in this situation?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Signature-based detection compares files or activity with known identifying patterns.
• A previously unknown or sufficiently modified threat may not match signatures already present in the antivirus database.
• This is one reason antivirus products require regular updates and may also use behavioural or heuristic techniques.
• A previously unknown or sufficiently modified threat may not match signatures already present in the antivirus database.
• This is one reason antivirus products require regular updates and may also use behavioural or heuristic techniques.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
A traditional boot-sector virus primarily attempts to infect which part of a storage device?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Traditional boot-sector viruses target boot-related areas of disks or other bootable media.
• Malicious code placed there may be executed when a computer attempts to boot from the infected medium.
• This differs from file viruses that primarily attach to executable files.
• Malicious code placed there may be executed when a computer attempts to boot from the infected medium.
• This differs from file viruses that primarily attach to executable files.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which type of virus is most closely associated with malicious instructions embedded in documents that support programmable macros?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Macro viruses use macro-programming capabilities provided by applications such as document-processing software.
• They may spread through infected macro-enabled documents or templates.
• Boot-sector viruses instead target startup-related areas of storage media.
• They may spread through infected macro-enabled documents or templates.
• Boot-sector viruses instead target startup-related areas of storage media.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
An antivirus program detects a suspicious file and places it in quarantine. What is the primary purpose of quarantine?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Quarantine isolates a detected file from its normal location or execution path.
• This reduces the possibility that the suspicious or infected item will continue affecting the system.
• Depending on the antivirus product, the quarantined item can later be deleted, analysed or restored if found safe.
• This reduces the possibility that the suspicious or infected item will continue affecting the system.
• Depending on the antivirus product, the quarantined item can later be deleted, analysed or restored if found safe.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
What is the principal function of real-time antivirus protection?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Real-time protection operates continuously while the computer is in use.
• It can inspect files and activities when they are accessed or executed rather than relying only on manually initiated scans.
• It is a software-security function and does not replace firmware or physical hardware.
• It can inspect files and activities when they are accessed or executed rather than relying only on manually initiated scans.
• It is a software-security function and does not replace firmware or physical hardware.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Why should antivirus definitions or detection databases be updated regularly?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Antivirus vendors continually identify new malicious programs and variants.
• Updated detection information helps antivirus software recognize threats that were not covered by older definitions.
• Updating security databases does not modify physical hardware specifications.
• Updated detection information helps antivirus software recognize threats that were not covered by older definitions.
• Updating security databases does not modify physical hardware specifications.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which statement correctly distinguishes POST from an antivirus scan?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• POST is a firmware-controlled startup procedure concerned primarily with essential hardware initialization and testing.
• Antivirus scanning is a software-security activity intended to identify malicious code.
• Successful POST therefore does not prove that storage devices and files are free from viruses.
• Antivirus scanning is a software-security activity intended to identify malicious code.
• Successful POST therefore does not prove that storage devices and files are free from viruses.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
A USB drive obtained from an unknown computer contains an executable file. Which statement is the most appropriate before using the file on a police-office computer?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Removable media can carry infected files between computers.
• Copying an infected file to another storage device does not remove malicious code embedded in it.
• Untrusted files should therefore be verified and scanned before execution.
• Copying an infected file to another storage device does not remove malicious code embedded in it.
• Untrusted files should therefore be verified and scanned before execution.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
A computer completes POST successfully and BIOS/UEFI detects its RAM and SSD correctly. After the operating system loads, CPU usage becomes abnormally high and several files change unexpectedly. Which diagnostic approach is most appropriate FIRST?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Successful POST and correct hardware detection reduce the immediate evidence for a basic startup-hardware fault.
• Abnormal processing activity and unexpected file modification after the operating system starts can justify investigation for malicious or unwanted software.
• Hardware should not be replaced without diagnostic evidence.
• Abnormal processing activity and unexpected file modification after the operating system starts can justify investigation for malicious or unwanted software.
• Hardware should not be replaced without diagnostic evidence.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
An infected program has been loaded into RAM and is currently executing. The computer is then completely powered off. Which statement is correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Ordinary system RAM is volatile and loses its contents when normal power is removed.
• SSDs and hard disks are non-volatile, so infected files stored there can persist after shutdown.
• If such a file is executed again, the malicious code can become active again.
• SSDs and hard disks are non-volatile, so infected files stored there can persist after shutdown.
• If such a file is executed again, the malicious code can become active again.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which of the following is a normal BIOS/UEFI startup responsibility rather than an antivirus function?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• BIOS/UEFI firmware executes before the normal operating system and performs low-level startup functions.
• These include hardware initialization and selection of a boot device or boot entry.
• Quarantine, signature scanning and malware-definition updates belong to security software.
• These include hardware initialization and selection of a boot device or boot entry.
• Quarantine, signature scanning and malware-definition updates belong to security software.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A PC is configured to boot from USB before its internal SSD. An inserted USB device contains malicious traditional boot code. What risk does this configuration create?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Firmware follows its configured boot priority when deciding which available boot medium to try first.
• If an infected bootable device is selected first, malicious boot code can potentially execute before the normal operating system loads.
• Appropriate boot-device control and cautious use of unknown removable media reduce this risk.
• If an infected bootable device is selected first, malicious boot code can potentially execute before the normal operating system loads.
• Appropriate boot-device control and cautious use of unknown removable media reduce this risk.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Consider the following statements:
1. Viruses can spread through infected removable media or files.
2. Macro-enabled documents can be used by some viruses as infection carriers.
3. Maintaining antivirus software eliminates the need for backups.
4. Unexpected file modification can be a symptom of infection but is not by itself conclusive proof.
Which statements are correct?
1. Viruses can spread through infected removable media or files.
2. Macro-enabled documents can be used by some viruses as infection carriers.
3. Maintaining antivirus software eliminates the need for backups.
4. Unexpected file modification can be a symptom of infection but is not by itself conclusive proof.
Which statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statements 1 and 2 describe recognized methods through which virus infections can spread.
• Statement 4 is correct because suspicious symptoms should be investigated rather than treated as absolute proof.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because antivirus protection cannot replace reliable backups.
• Statement 4 is correct because suspicious symptoms should be investigated rather than treated as absolute proof.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because antivirus protection cannot replace reliable backups.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Assertion (A): Keeping antivirus detection information updated improves protection against many newly identified virus variants.
Reason (R): Signature-based detection depends on information that identifies known malicious patterns, and that information must be updated as new threats are discovered.
Choose the correct answer.
Reason (R): Signature-based detection depends on information that identifies known malicious patterns, and that information must be updated as new threats are discovered.
Choose the correct answer.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Detection databases must evolve as new malicious programs and variants are identified.
• Signature-based methods depend directly on recognizable information about known threats.
• The Reason therefore correctly explains why regular antivirus updates improve detection coverage.
• Signature-based methods depend directly on recognizable information about known threats.
• The Reason therefore correctly explains why regular antivirus updates improve detection coverage.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Match List I with List II:
List I
(a) POST
(b) RAM
(c) Antivirus quarantine
(d) Boot order
List II
1. Isolates a detected suspicious or infected item
2. Determines priority among boot devices or boot entries
3. Provides volatile working storage
4. Checks/initializes essential hardware during startup
Choose the correct matching code.
List I
(a) POST
(b) RAM
(c) Antivirus quarantine
(d) Boot order
List II
1. Isolates a detected suspicious or infected item
2. Determines priority among boot devices or boot entries
3. Provides volatile working storage
4. Checks/initializes essential hardware during startup
Choose the correct matching code.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• POST performs startup hardware checking and initialization, giving (a)-4.
• RAM is volatile working memory, giving (b)-3.
• Quarantine isolates suspicious items and boot order determines startup-device priority, giving (c)-1 and (d)-2.
• RAM is volatile working memory, giving (b)-3.
• Quarantine isolates suspicious items and boot order determines startup-device priority, giving (c)-1 and (d)-2.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
A computer is suspected of virus infection but can still boot normally. Which response represents the most systematic approach?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A suspected infection should be handled in a way that reduces opportunities for further propagation.
• Updated security tools can be used to detect, quarantine or remove identified threats.
• Known-clean backups provide a safer recovery source for damaged or compromised data when restoration is required.
• Updated security tools can be used to detect, quarantine or remove identified threats.
• Known-clean backups provide a safer recovery source for damaged or compromised data when restoration is required.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: D. 1 and 3 only సమాధానం: D.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: A. Do not execute it; verify the source and scan it with updated security software or delete it if it is untrusted. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: C. These symptoms may indicate virus infection, but further diagnosis is required because other faults can produce similar symptoms. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: B. Keep antivirus and software updated, obtain files from trusted sources, scan suspicious/removable media and maintain backups. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. The virus may escape signature-based detection until an appropriate detection signature or method becomes available. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: D. Boot-related sectors or records containing code used during system startup సమాధానం: D.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. Macro virus సమాధానం: A.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: C. To isolate the file so that it cannot normally execute or affect the system while further action is decided సమాధానం: C.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: D. To monitor relevant file access, execution or system activity so that malicious code can be detected or blocked as it is encountered సమాధానం: D.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: C. To provide information needed to recognize newly identified or modified threats సమాధానం: C.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: B. POST checks and initializes essential hardware during startup, whereas antivirus software examines files or activity for malicious code. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: A. The file should be treated as potentially unsafe, scanned with updated antivirus protection and executed only if its source and integrity are trusted. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: C. Investigate software activity and perform an updated antivirus scan before replacing functioning hardware. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. The contents of ordinary RAM are lost when power is removed, but an infected file stored on non-volatile storage can remain and execute again later. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: D. Initializing essential hardware and identifying an appropriate boot path సమాధానం: D.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: B. The firmware may execute the USB device's boot code before attempting to start the operating system from the SSD. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. 1, 2 and 4 only సమాధానం: B.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: D. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: A. (a)-4, (b)-3, (c)-1, (d)-2 సమాధానం: A.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: C. Limit further spread, use updated security software to scan and isolate detected threats, and restore affected data from known-clean backups where necessary. సమాధానం: C.