Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which description best defines academic research?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Academic research is a planned and systematic investigation directed toward producing, refining or verifying knowledge.
• It normally begins with a clearly framed problem or question and follows an explicit method.
• Personal opinion, mere compilation and unsystematic information gathering do not by themselves constitute research.
• The defining features include inquiry, evidence, analysis and reasoned conclusions.
• It normally begins with a clearly framed problem or question and follows an explicit method.
• Personal opinion, mere compilation and unsystematic information gathering do not by themselves constitute research.
• The defining features include inquiry, evidence, analysis and reasoned conclusions.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
The primary objective of research is to:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Research seeks dependable and defensible knowledge about a clearly defined issue.
• Its objectives may include description, interpretation, explanation, comparison, evaluation or theory building.
• A genuine inquiry may disconfirm the researcher's initial assumptions.
• Research advances knowledge by remaining open to revision in the light of evidence.
• Its objectives may include description, interpretation, explanation, comparison, evaluation or theory building.
• A genuine inquiry may disconfirm the researcher's initial assumptions.
• Research advances knowledge by remaining open to revision in the light of evidence.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Fill in the blank: A study conducted mainly to extend theoretical understanding without an immediate practical goal is called ______ research.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Basic research is undertaken primarily to deepen theoretical or conceptual understanding.
• It may not have an immediate practical application, although later applications can emerge from it.
• Applied research addresses a specific practical problem.
• Action research is usually directed toward improving practice in a particular setting.
• It may not have an immediate practical application, although later applications can emerge from it.
• Applied research addresses a specific practical problem.
• Action research is usually directed toward improving practice in a particular setting.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which of the following is the best example of applied research in English studies?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The pronunciation study addresses a concrete pedagogical problem and tests a possible solution.
• This practical orientation is characteristic of applied research.
• The other options mainly aim at theoretical, historical or classificatory knowledge.
• Applied research may still use rigorous theory and method, but its immediate purpose is practical improvement.
• This practical orientation is characteristic of applied research.
• The other options mainly aim at theoretical, historical or classificatory knowledge.
• Applied research may still use rigorous theory and method, but its immediate purpose is practical improvement.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Which characteristic most directly distinguishes research from casual reading?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Research proceeds from a stated problem through a deliberate method and documented procedure.
• Casual reading may be valuable, but it does not necessarily involve a research design or evidential argument.
• Research can be qualitative, quantitative or mixed and therefore need not always produce numerical data.
• Interpretation is central to many forms of literary and linguistic research.
• Casual reading may be valuable, but it does not necessarily involve a research design or evidential argument.
• Research can be qualitative, quantitative or mixed and therefore need not always produce numerical data.
• Interpretation is central to many forms of literary and linguistic research.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Statement I: Original research must always study a topic that no scholar has previously discussed.
Statement II: Originality may lie in a new question, method, corpus, interpretation or combination of existing materials.
Statement II: Originality may lie in a new question, method, corpus, interpretation or combination of existing materials.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement I is incorrect because originality does not require an entirely untouched topic.
• A familiar text or problem can support original research when approached through a new question, framework, archive or method.
• Statement II is correct because scholarly originality can arise from interpretation, evidence, method, synthesis or application.
• Therefore, Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
• A familiar text or problem can support original research when approached through a new question, framework, archive or method.
• Statement II is correct because scholarly originality can arise from interpretation, evidence, method, synthesis or application.
• Therefore, Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Objectivity in scholarly research is best understood as:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Objectivity means that claims are governed by evidence, transparent procedures and critical self-scrutiny.
• It does not imply that a researcher has no perspective or that interpretation can be eliminated.
• Qualitative and literary researchers can pursue objectivity through explicit criteria, documentation and reasoned argument.
• Statistical procedures alone do not guarantee objectivity.
• It does not imply that a researcher has no perspective or that interpretation can be eliminated.
• Qualitative and literary researchers can pursue objectivity through explicit criteria, documentation and reasoned argument.
• Statistical procedures alone do not guarantee objectivity.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Assertion: A systematic inquiry requires an ordered sequence of research activities.
Reason: A clear sequence makes the relation among the problem, evidence, analysis and conclusion open to scrutiny.
Reason: A clear sequence makes the relation among the problem, evidence, analysis and conclusion open to scrutiny.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because systematic inquiry follows an organised and logically connected procedure.
• The Reason is also correct because the sequence links the problem, evidence, analysis and conclusion.
• This transparency permits other scholars to evaluate the adequacy of the inquiry.
• The Reason directly explains why ordered research procedures are necessary.
• The Reason is also correct because the sequence links the problem, evidence, analysis and conclusion.
• This transparency permits other scholars to evaluate the adequacy of the inquiry.
• The Reason directly explains why ordered research procedures are necessary.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which one is NOT normally an objective of scholarly research?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Concealing contrary evidence violates scholarly integrity and weakens the reliability of the argument.
• Description, explanation and conceptual refinement are legitimate research objectives.
• A responsible researcher acknowledges inconvenient or conflicting evidence.
• Limitations and counter-evidence should be analysed rather than suppressed.
• Description, explanation and conceptual refinement are legitimate research objectives.
• A responsible researcher acknowledges inconvenient or conflicting evidence.
• Limitations and counter-evidence should be analysed rather than suppressed.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which pair is correctly matched?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Applied research is directed toward understanding or solving a practical problem.
• Basic research primarily extends general or theoretical knowledge.
• Literary research may include textual, historical, theoretical, archival, comparative and reception-based inquiry.
• Linguistic research covers language structure, use, variation, acquisition, processing and many other areas.
• Basic research primarily extends general or theoretical knowledge.
• Literary research may include textual, historical, theoretical, archival, comparative and reception-based inquiry.
• Linguistic research covers language structure, use, variation, acquisition, processing and many other areas.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Match List I with List II.
List I
1. Basic research
2. Applied research
3. Literary research
4. Linguistic research
List II
A. Study of dialect variation in urban speech
B. Investigation of narrative voice in a novel
C. Development of theory without an immediate practical aim
D. Solution-oriented study of a teaching problem
List I
1. Basic research
2. Applied research
3. Literary research
4. Linguistic research
List II
A. Study of dialect variation in urban speech
B. Investigation of narrative voice in a novel
C. Development of theory without an immediate practical aim
D. Solution-oriented study of a teaching problem
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Basic research matches C because it primarily extends theoretical knowledge without requiring an immediate application.
• Applied research matches D because it addresses a practical teaching problem.
• Literary research matches B because narrative voice is a literary-textual issue.
• Linguistic research matches A because dialect variation concerns language use and sociolinguistic patterning.
• Applied research matches D because it addresses a practical teaching problem.
• Literary research matches B because narrative voice is a literary-textual issue.
• Linguistic research matches A because dialect variation concerns language use and sociolinguistic patterning.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Which research question most clearly belongs to literary research?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The question about unreliable narration examines a literary technique and its interpretive effect in a novel.
• Code-switching and dialect variation are primarily sociolinguistic topics.
• Working memory and vocabulary recall belong mainly to psycholinguistic or language-acquisition research.
• Literary research commonly investigates form, genre, theme, narration, reception and historical context.
• Code-switching and dialect variation are primarily sociolinguistic topics.
• Working memory and vocabulary recall belong mainly to psycholinguistic or language-acquisition research.
• Literary research commonly investigates form, genre, theme, narration, reception and historical context.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Which research question most clearly belongs to linguistic research?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Turn-taking is a feature of spoken interaction and is commonly studied in discourse analysis or conversation analysis.
• The other questions focus on representation, genre and poetic construction in literary texts.
• Linguistic research may investigate structure, meaning, use, variation, acquisition or interaction.
• The data for such a study could include recorded classroom conversations and transcribed exchanges.
• The other questions focus on representation, genre and poetic construction in literary texts.
• Linguistic research may investigate structure, meaning, use, variation, acquisition or interaction.
• The data for such a study could include recorded classroom conversations and transcribed exchanges.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Interdisciplinary research is best described as research that:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Interdisciplinary research integrates relevant concepts, evidence or methods from two or more disciplines.
• In English studies, a project may combine literary analysis with history, sociology, psychology, digital methods or linguistics.
• Integration should be purposeful rather than merely decorative.
• The study must still explain how the combined approaches help answer the central research question.
• In English studies, a project may combine literary analysis with history, sociology, psychology, digital methods or linguistics.
• Integration should be purposeful rather than merely decorative.
• The study must still explain how the combined approaches help answer the central research question.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Consider the following statements about the scope of research:
1. Scope identifies the boundaries of the study.
2. Scope may specify texts, population, period, location or concepts.
3. Scope should expand indefinitely as new material appears.
4. A clear scope helps keep the project manageable.
Which statements are correct?
1. Scope identifies the boundaries of the study.
2. Scope may specify texts, population, period, location or concepts.
3. Scope should expand indefinitely as new material appears.
4. A clear scope helps keep the project manageable.
Which statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct because scope defines what the study includes and excludes.
• Statement 2 is correct because texts, participants, periods, locations and concepts are common boundaries.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because uncontrolled expansion produces an unmanageable project.
• Statement 4 is correct; therefore, the correct combination is 1, 2 and 4 only.
• Statement 2 is correct because texts, participants, periods, locations and concepts are common boundaries.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because uncontrolled expansion produces an unmanageable project.
• Statement 4 is correct; therefore, the correct combination is 1, 2 and 4 only.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A researcher limits a study to three Indian English novels published between 2000 and 2010. This decision primarily establishes the study's:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The selection of three novels and a defined publication period sets the boundaries of the inquiry.
• These boundaries constitute the scope of the study.
• Originality concerns the new contribution, while objectivity concerns disciplined evidence and method.
• Replicability refers to the extent to which procedures can be repeated or checked.
• These boundaries constitute the scope of the study.
• Originality concerns the new contribution, while objectivity concerns disciplined evidence and method.
• Replicability refers to the extent to which procedures can be repeated or checked.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Which statement best distinguishes a limitation from a scope boundary?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Scope boundaries are deliberate decisions about what the research will cover.
• Limitations are constraints that may affect evidence, interpretation, transferability or generalisation.
• Examples include restricted archival access, a small corpus or incomplete historical records.
• A limitation is not necessarily a defect or an act of negligence, but it should be acknowledged.
• Limitations are constraints that may affect evidence, interpretation, transferability or generalisation.
• Examples include restricted archival access, a small corpus or incomplete historical records.
• A limitation is not necessarily a defect or an act of negligence, but it should be acknowledged.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which sequence best represents a systematic research process?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A researcher normally begins with topic selection and preliminary reading.
• Preliminary reading helps refine a focused research question.
• Relevant evidence is then collected and analysed before conclusions are drawn.
• Although research may involve revision and movement between stages, the sequence in option B is the most logically systematic.
• Preliminary reading helps refine a focused research question.
• Relevant evidence is then collected and analysed before conclusions are drawn.
• Although research may involve revision and movement between stages, the sequence in option B is the most logically systematic.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which of the following best demonstrates scholarly investigation?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Scholarly investigation requires a focused question, critical evaluation of evidence and a reasoned argument.
• It also requires documentation so that the basis of claims can be checked.
• Selective evidence and unsupported assertion undermine credibility.
• Scholarly authority is earned through method and evidence rather than confidence or reputation alone.
• It also requires documentation so that the basis of claims can be checked.
• Selective evidence and unsupported assertion undermine credibility.
• Scholarly authority is earned through method and evidence rather than confidence or reputation alone.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which option is the odd one out with reference to recognised orientations of research?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Basic, applied and interdisciplinary research are recognised orientations or modes of inquiry.
• Unverifiable research is not a legitimate research orientation because scholarly claims must be open to examination.
• Verification may involve checking sources, procedures, interpretations or evidence.
• Different fields use different standards of verification, but none treats unverifiability as an ideal.
• Unverifiable research is not a legitimate research orientation because scholarly claims must be open to examination.
• Verification may involve checking sources, procedures, interpretations or evidence.
• Different fields use different standards of verification, but none treats unverifiability as an ideal.
వివరణ:
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
Statement I: Literary research can use archival documents, editions, reviews and correspondence as evidence.
Statement II: Literary research is valid only when it avoids historical context and concentrates exclusively on plot summary.
Statement II: Literary research is valid only when it avoids historical context and concentrates exclusively on plot summary.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement I is correct because literary research may draw on archives, textual variants, reviews, letters and other historical materials.
• Statement II is incorrect because literary research can be historical, theoretical, comparative, textual or interdisciplinary.
• Plot summary alone does not constitute sustained scholarly analysis.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
• Statement II is incorrect because literary research can be historical, theoretical, comparative, textual or interdisciplinary.
• Plot summary alone does not constitute sustained scholarly analysis.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
వివరణ:
Question 22
ప్రశ్న 22
A linguist records naturally occurring conversations, develops a coding scheme and compares patterns across age groups. Which characteristic of research is most clearly illustrated?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Recording data, developing a coding scheme and comparing groups demonstrate an organised research procedure.
• The process makes data collection and analysis explicit and open to scrutiny.
• Intuition may help generate hypotheses, but it cannot replace evidence.
• Classification is often necessary in linguistic research for identifying recurring patterns.
• The process makes data collection and analysis explicit and open to scrutiny.
• Intuition may help generate hypotheses, but it cannot replace evidence.
• Classification is often necessary in linguistic research for identifying recurring patterns.
వివరణ:
Question 23
ప్రశ్న 23
Assertion: Declaring the limitations of a study can strengthen its scholarly credibility.
Reason: Acknowledging constraints helps readers judge the reach and reliability of the conclusions.
Reason: Acknowledging constraints helps readers judge the reach and reliability of the conclusions.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because transparent discussion of limitations demonstrates methodological honesty.
• The Reason is correct because readers need to know the conditions under which the findings should be interpreted.
• Limitations help define the appropriate reach of conclusions and prevent overgeneralisation.
• The Reason directly explains why declaring limitations enhances credibility.
• The Reason is correct because readers need to know the conditions under which the findings should be interpreted.
• Limitations help define the appropriate reach of conclusions and prevent overgeneralisation.
• The Reason directly explains why declaring limitations enhances credibility.
వివరణ:
Question 24
ప్రశ్న 24
Which project is the clearest example of interdisciplinary research in English studies?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The climate-imagery project integrates literary ecocriticism with environmental history.
• Its interdisciplinary design uses more than one field to illuminate a single research problem.
• A list, summary or classroom exercise does not become research without a focused question and analytical method.
• Interdisciplinary work should show how the participating disciplines contribute to the argument.
• Its interdisciplinary design uses more than one field to illuminate a single research problem.
• A list, summary or classroom exercise does not become research without a focused question and analytical method.
• Interdisciplinary work should show how the participating disciplines contribute to the argument.
వివరణ:
Question 25
ప్రశ్న 25
A scholar proposes that a small corpus of six poems represents all Anglophone poetry across three centuries. What is the most serious methodological problem?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Six poems may support a focused study, but they cannot by themselves justify claims about all Anglophone poetry across three centuries.
• The central problem is overgeneralisation beyond the scope and evidential basis of the corpus.
• A small corpus can still have literary value and support original research.
• Conclusions must remain proportionate to the material and method used.
• The central problem is overgeneralisation beyond the scope and evidential basis of the corpus.
• A small corpus can still have literary value and support original research.
• Conclusions must remain proportionate to the material and method used.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: A. A systematic investigation undertaken to develop or verify knowledge సమాధానం: A.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: B. produce dependable knowledge about a clearly defined problem సమాధానం: B.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: C. basic సమాధానం: C.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: D. Testing whether a new pronunciation module improves learners' intelligibility సమాధానం: D.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: A. It follows a stated problem, method and procedure సమాధానం: A.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: D. Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct సమాధానం: D.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: B. the disciplined control and disclosure of bias through evidence and method సమాధానం: B.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: A.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: C. To conceal evidence that challenges the argument సమాధానం: C.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: B. Applied research — investigation directed toward a practical need సమాధానం: B.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: A. 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A సమాధానం: A.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. How does unreliable narration shape moral judgement in a selected novel? సమాధానం: D.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: A. How does turn-taking differ in online and face-to-face classroom discussion? సమాధానం: A.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: C. combines perspectives or methods from more than one discipline to address a problem సమాధానం: C.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: D. 1, 2 and 4 only సమాధానం: D.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: B. scope సమాధానం: B.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: D. A scope boundary is deliberately set, whereas a limitation is a constraint affecting interpretation or generalisation. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. Topic selection, preliminary reading, research question, evidence collection, analysis, conclusion సమాధానం: B.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: C. Formulating a question, evaluating evidence and presenting a reasoned argument సమాధానం: C.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: D. Unverifiable research సమాధానం: D.
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Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect సమాధానం: C.
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Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22Answer: A. Systematic collection and analysis of evidence సమాధానం: A.
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Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23Answer: A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: A.
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Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24Answer: B. A study of climate imagery in fiction combining ecocriticism with environmental history సమాధానం: B.
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Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25Answer: C. The conclusion exceeds the scope and evidential basis of the study. సమాధానం: C.