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Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which theorist is most closely associated with the claim that meaning is produced through difference and is continually deferred?
Explanation:
• Jacques Derrida develops the concept of différance to describe the simultaneous differing and deferring of meaning.
• A sign acquires meaning through its relations with other signs rather than through an independently present essence.
• Meaning is therefore never completely fixed at a final point.
• Iser, Lukács and Showalter are associated respectively with reader response, Marxism and feminist criticism.
• A sign acquires meaning through its relations with other signs rather than through an independently present essence.
• Meaning is therefore never completely fixed at a final point.
• Iser, Lukács and Showalter are associated respectively with reader response, Marxism and feminist criticism.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
A critic argues that a narrative's opposition between reason and madness is produced by institutions that authorize some speakers while excluding others. Which theoretical approach is most appropriate?
Explanation:
• Foucauldian analysis studies how discourse and institutions produce categories such as reason, madness, normality and deviance.
• It asks who is authorized to speak and which forms of knowledge are treated as legitimate.
• The opposition is therefore analysed as historically produced rather than naturally given.
• Archetypal, Formalist and practical-critical approaches do not primarily focus on institutional power and discursive exclusion.
• It asks who is authorized to speak and which forms of knowledge are treated as legitimate.
• The opposition is therefore analysed as historically produced rather than naturally given.
• Archetypal, Formalist and practical-critical approaches do not primarily focus on institutional power and discursive exclusion.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Which pair is correctly matched?
Explanation:
• Wolfgang Iser developed the concept of the implied reader.
• The implied reader is a textual role or structure that guides acts of reading.
• Gynocriticism is associated with Elaine Showalter, and interpretive communities with Stanley Fish.
• The horizon of expectations is associated with Hans Robert Jauss rather than Donna Haraway.
• The implied reader is a textual role or structure that guides acts of reading.
• Gynocriticism is associated with Elaine Showalter, and interpretive communities with Stanley Fish.
• The horizon of expectations is associated with Hans Robert Jauss rather than Donna Haraway.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which comparison between structuralism and poststructuralism is most accurate?
Explanation:
• Structuralism seeks the relational systems and codes that organize meaning.
• Poststructuralism retains the relational insight but questions whether any system can become fully stable or closed.
• Both approaches take language and signification seriously.
• Their difference concerns the stability of structures rather than a simple opposition between language and history.
• Poststructuralism retains the relational insight but questions whether any system can become fully stable or closed.
• Both approaches take language and signification seriously.
• Their difference concerns the stability of structures rather than a simple opposition between language and history.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
A novel depicts commodities as possessing mysterious powers while concealing the labour and class relations involved in their production. Which concept best explains this representation?
Explanation:
• Commodity fetishism makes relations among people appear as relations among things.
• Commodities seem to possess value and power independently of the labour that produced them.
• Marxist criticism exposes the hidden social and class relations behind this appearance.
• Interpellation, focalization and the uncanny belong to Althusserian, narratological and psychoanalytic frameworks.
• Commodities seem to possess value and power independently of the labour that produced them.
• Marxist criticism exposes the hidden social and class relations behind this appearance.
• Interpellation, focalization and the uncanny belong to Althusserian, narratological and psychoanalytic frameworks.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
A literary critic studies neglected novels by women, their publication conditions and the development of a female literary tradition. Which method is being used?
Explanation:
• Gynocriticism studies women as writers and reconstructs female literary traditions.
• It examines themes, genres, language and the institutional conditions affecting women's authorship.
• Elaine Showalter is closely associated with this critical project.
• The other approaches address textual instability, readerly experience and environmental relations.
• It examines themes, genres, language and the institutional conditions affecting women's authorship.
• Elaine Showalter is closely associated with this critical project.
• The other approaches address textual instability, readerly experience and environmental relations.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which statement best expresses Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity?
Explanation:
• Butler argues that repeated acts and social norms produce the appearance of stable gender identity.
• Gender does not simply express a pre-existing inner essence.
• Performativity is socially regulated and should not be confused with unrestricted voluntary performance.
• The theory connects gender with discourse, embodiment and power.
• Gender does not simply express a pre-existing inner essence.
• Performativity is socially regulated and should not be confused with unrestricted voluntary performance.
• The theory connects gender with discourse, embodiment and power.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
A colonial subject adopts the colonizer's language and manners but reproduces them with differences that make colonial authority appear artificial. Which concept is illustrated?
Explanation:
• Homi K. Bhabha describes colonial mimicry as partial resemblance to the colonizer.
• The colonial subject becomes almost the same but remains marked as different.
• Repetition with difference can expose the constructed and unstable nature of colonial authority.
• Mimicry therefore operates as both a mechanism of control and a possible source of disruption.
• The colonial subject becomes almost the same but remains marked as different.
• Repetition with difference can expose the constructed and unstable nature of colonial authority.
• Mimicry therefore operates as both a mechanism of control and a possible source of disruption.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which chronological sequence is correct?
1. The Second Sex
2. Orientalism
3. Gender Trouble
4. The Location of Culture
1. The Second Sex
2. Orientalism
3. Gender Trouble
4. The Location of Culture
Explanation:
• The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir was first published in French in 1949.
• Orientalism by Edward Said appeared in 1978.
• Gender Trouble by Judith Butler was published in 1990.
• The Location of Culture by Homi K. Bhabha appeared in 1994.
• Therefore, the correct sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4.
• Orientalism by Edward Said appeared in 1978.
• Gender Trouble by Judith Butler was published in 1990.
• The Location of Culture by Homi K. Bhabha appeared in 1994.
• Therefore, the correct sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
A poem leaves significant connections unstated and requires readers to infer relationships among images. Which reader-response concept is most directly relevant?
Explanation:
• Wolfgang Iser uses gaps or blanks for points that require the reader to construct connections.
• Such indeterminacies activate the reader's participation in producing coherence.
• The text guides possible realizations without determining every relation completely.
• Horizon of expectations and aesthetic distance belong mainly to Jauss, while interpretive communities belong to Fish.
• Such indeterminacies activate the reader's participation in producing coherence.
• The text guides possible realizations without determining every relation completely.
• Horizon of expectations and aesthetic distance belong mainly to Jauss, while interpretive communities belong to Fish.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Consider the following statements.
Statement I: Postcolonial criticism examines how colonial power operates through representation and discourse.
Statement II: Ecocriticism necessarily treats all humans as equally responsible for environmental destruction.
Statement I: Postcolonial criticism examines how colonial power operates through representation and discourse.
Statement II: Ecocriticism necessarily treats all humans as equally responsible for environmental destruction.
Explanation:
• Statement I is correct because postcolonial theory analyses representation, discourse, institutions and imperial power.
• Statement II is incorrect because environmental justice criticism emphasizes unequal historical responsibility and vulnerability.
• Class, race, caste, colonialism and national power affect ecological responsibility differently.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
• Statement II is incorrect because environmental justice criticism emphasizes unequal historical responsibility and vulnerability.
• Class, race, caste, colonialism and national power affect ecological responsibility differently.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Assertion: A deconstructive reading may reveal that a privileged term depends on the term it excludes.
Reason: Binary hierarchies are completely independent and contain no internal relations.
Reason: Binary hierarchies are completely independent and contain no internal relations.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because deconstruction exposes the dependence of privileged terms on subordinated terms.
• The Reason is incorrect because binary terms are relational rather than completely independent.
• Presence, for example, gains meaning through its difference from absence while also depending on traces of absence.
• Therefore, the Assertion is correct, but the Reason is incorrect.
• The Reason is incorrect because binary terms are relational rather than completely independent.
• Presence, for example, gains meaning through its difference from absence while also depending on traces of absence.
• Therefore, the Assertion is correct, but the Reason is incorrect.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Match List I with List II.
List I
1. Louis Althusser
2. Stanley Fish
3. Kimberlé Crenshaw
4. Jean Baudrillard
List II
I. Interpretive communities
II. Intersectionality
III. Interpellation
IV. Hyperreality
List I
1. Louis Althusser
2. Stanley Fish
3. Kimberlé Crenshaw
4. Jean Baudrillard
List II
I. Interpretive communities
II. Intersectionality
III. Interpellation
IV. Hyperreality
Explanation:
• Louis Althusser matches III because he theorizes interpellation.
• Stanley Fish matches I because he develops the concept of interpretive communities.
• Kimberlé Crenshaw matches II because she introduced intersectionality.
• Jean Baudrillard matches IV because he is associated with simulation and hyperreality.
• Therefore, the correct code is 1-III, 2-I, 3-II, 4-IV.
• Stanley Fish matches I because he develops the concept of interpretive communities.
• Kimberlé Crenshaw matches II because she introduced intersectionality.
• Jean Baudrillard matches IV because he is associated with simulation and hyperreality.
• Therefore, the correct code is 1-III, 2-I, 3-II, 4-IV.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which of the following statements are correct?
1. Gramscian hegemony includes the production of consent.
2. Althusserian ideology operates only through consciously held beliefs.
3. Cultural materialism treats culture as a material social practice.
4. Foucauldian power is productive as well as restrictive.
1. Gramscian hegemony includes the production of consent.
2. Althusserian ideology operates only through consciously held beliefs.
3. Cultural materialism treats culture as a material social practice.
4. Foucauldian power is productive as well as restrictive.
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct because hegemony combines cultural leadership and consent with the possibility of coercion.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because Althusser treats ideology as operating through material practices, rituals and institutions.
• Statement 3 is correct because cultural materialism situates culture within institutions and social production.
• Statement 4 is correct because Foucault sees power as producing knowledge, norms and subjects.
• Therefore, statements 1, 3 and 4 only are correct.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because Althusser treats ideology as operating through material practices, rituals and institutions.
• Statement 3 is correct because cultural materialism situates culture within institutions and social production.
• Statement 4 is correct because Foucault sees power as producing knowledge, norms and subjects.
• Therefore, statements 1, 3 and 4 only are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which pair is incorrectly matched?
Explanation:
• Affective stylistics is associated with Stanley Fish rather than Hans Robert Jauss.
• Jauss developed reception theory and the horizon of expectations.
• Fanon is correctly associated with colonial psychology.
• Irigaray and Moretti are correctly associated with phallocentric critique and distant reading.
• Jauss developed reception theory and the horizon of expectations.
• Fanon is correctly associated with colonial psychology.
• Irigaray and Moretti are correctly associated with phallocentric critique and distant reading.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A historical novel presents several incompatible accounts of one political event and openly comments on the difficulty of representing the past. Which concept best describes it?
Explanation:
• Linda Hutcheon's historiographic metafiction combines historical reference with self-conscious reflection on historical narration.
• Multiple incompatible accounts expose the role of perspective, selection and textual mediation.
• The form does not deny that historical events occurred.
• It questions claims that the past can be represented transparently and without narrative construction.
• Multiple incompatible accounts expose the role of perspective, selection and textual mediation.
• The form does not deny that historical events occurred.
• It questions claims that the past can be represented transparently and without narrative construction.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Which theoretical approach would most directly examine how race, class, gender and sexuality interact in shaping a character's social position?
Explanation:
• Intersectional criticism studies how multiple systems of power operate together.
• It rejects single-axis explanations that isolate gender from race, class, sexuality or other structures.
• Kimberlé Crenshaw developed intersectionality to explain experiences not reducible to one category.
• The other approaches do not primarily analyse overlapping social inequalities.
• It rejects single-axis explanations that isolate gender from race, class, sexuality or other structures.
• Kimberlé Crenshaw developed intersectionality to explain experiences not reducible to one category.
• The other approaches do not primarily analyse overlapping social inequalities.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
A cultural text repeatedly presents the East as irrational, timeless and incapable of self-government. Which concept best explains this pattern?
Explanation:
• Edward Said's Orientalism analyses Western representations of the East as irrational, backward, passive and exotic.
• Such representations define the West as rational, modern and capable of rule.
• The binary can support imperial domination by making colonial authority appear necessary.
• The gaze, supplement and iterability belong to different theoretical frameworks.
• Such representations define the West as rational, modern and capable of rule.
• The binary can support imperial domination by making colonial authority appear necessary.
• The gaze, supplement and iterability belong to different theoretical frameworks.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
A literary character seeks recognition from a symbolic authority but repeatedly discovers that no object or achievement can provide permanent completion. Which theoretical concept is most relevant?
Explanation:
• Lacanian desire arises from a constitutive lack that no particular object can finally eliminate.
• The subject seeks recognition through the field of the big Other.
• Desire moves from one object or signifier to another because satisfaction remains incomplete.
• Commodity fetishism, aesthetic distance and hegemony address different theoretical problems.
• The subject seeks recognition through the field of the big Other.
• Desire moves from one object or signifier to another because satisfaction remains incomplete.
• Commodity fetishism, aesthetic distance and hegemony address different theoretical problems.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
A researcher uses computational tools to identify recurring themes across ten thousand novels but ignores OCR errors and the exclusion of undigitized works. What is the main methodological problem?
Explanation:
• Computational findings depend on the accuracy and representativeness of the underlying corpus.
• OCR errors can distort frequencies, topics and linguistic patterns.
• The exclusion of undigitized texts can reproduce archival, linguistic and canonical inequalities.
• Digital humanities therefore requires critical examination of data provenance and methodological limitations.
• OCR errors can distort frequencies, topics and linguistic patterns.
• The exclusion of undigitized texts can reproduce archival, linguistic and canonical inequalities.
• Digital humanities therefore requires critical examination of data provenance and methodological limitations.
వివరణ:
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
Which statement best distinguishes Marxist ideology critique from Foucauldian discourse analysis?
Explanation:
• Marxist criticism commonly relates ideology to class relations, labour and material production.
• Foucauldian analysis examines how discourses, institutions and practices produce knowledge, norms and subject positions.
• The approaches can overlap, especially in cultural and historical analysis.
• Their distinction concerns emphasis rather than an absolute separation.
• Foucauldian analysis examines how discourses, institutions and practices produce knowledge, norms and subject positions.
• The approaches can overlap, especially in cultural and historical analysis.
• Their distinction concerns emphasis rather than an absolute separation.
వివరణ:
Question 22
ప్రశ్న 22
Assertion: Ecofeminist criticism may examine the parallel treatment of women and nature as passive resources.
Reason: Patriarchal discourse can organize gendered and environmental domination through related hierarchies.
Reason: Patriarchal discourse can organize gendered and environmental domination through related hierarchies.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because ecofeminism investigates connections between the domination of women and the exploitation of nature.
• The Reason is correct because patriarchal discourse may associate masculinity with reason and mastery while feminizing nature as passive matter.
• These related hierarchies explain the parallel representation described in the Assertion.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
• The Reason is correct because patriarchal discourse may associate masculinity with reason and mastery while feminizing nature as passive matter.
• These related hierarchies explain the parallel representation described in the Assertion.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 23
ప్రశ్న 23
Which chronological sequence is correct?
1. The Wretched of the Earth
2. Of Grammatology
3. The Death of the Author
4. Gender Trouble
1. The Wretched of the Earth
2. Of Grammatology
3. The Death of the Author
4. Gender Trouble
Explanation:
• The Wretched of the Earth by Frantz Fanon was first published in 1961.
• Of Grammatology by Jacques Derrida appeared in French in 1967.
• The Death of the Author by Roland Barthes appeared in English in 1967 and in French in 1968.
• Gender Trouble by Judith Butler was published in 1990.
• Therefore, the intended chronological sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4.
• Of Grammatology by Jacques Derrida appeared in French in 1967.
• The Death of the Author by Roland Barthes appeared in English in 1967 and in French in 1968.
• Gender Trouble by Judith Butler was published in 1990.
• Therefore, the intended chronological sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4.
వివరణ:
Question 24
ప్రశ్న 24
A critic argues that an apparently unified national identity is produced through narratives that suppress internal differences and minority histories. Which combination of approaches is most relevant?
Explanation:
• Postcolonial theory examines how nations are narrated through inclusion, exclusion and colonial history.
• New Historicism studies how historical representations are produced through discourse and power.
• Together, the approaches can expose suppressed minority histories and the constructed unity of national identity.
• Prosody, phonetics and grammar do not directly address this political construction.
• New Historicism studies how historical representations are produced through discourse and power.
• Together, the approaches can expose suppressed minority histories and the constructed unity of national identity.
• Prosody, phonetics and grammar do not directly address this political construction.
వివరణ:
Question 25
ప్రశ్న 25
Which statement best summarizes an integrated application of contemporary literary theory?
Explanation:
• Structuralist and poststructuralist approaches illuminate language, signs and textual instability.
• Marxist, feminist, queer and postcolonial theories examine social power, identity and historical inequality.
• Reader-response, ecocritical and digital approaches expand analysis toward audiences, environments and large textual systems.
• Integrated interpretation uses theoretical concepts selectively while remaining grounded in textual and historical evidence.
• Marxist, feminist, queer and postcolonial theories examine social power, identity and historical inequality.
• Reader-response, ecocritical and digital approaches expand analysis toward audiences, environments and large textual systems.
• Integrated interpretation uses theoretical concepts selectively while remaining grounded in textual and historical evidence.
వివరణ:
Question 26
ప్రశ్న 26
A critic combines close analysis of narrative form with attention to colonial discourse, gender hierarchy, environmental exploitation and changing reader responses. What is the strongest methodological description?
Explanation:
• The critic combines narratology with postcolonial, feminist, ecocritical and reader-response approaches.
• Each theory addresses a different dimension of the text while contributing to a broader interpretation.
• Such integration should preserve conceptual accuracy and avoid forcing every theory onto every feature.
• The method is interdisciplinary rather than purely biographical, ahistorical or governed by one universal explanation.
• Each theory addresses a different dimension of the text while contributing to a broader interpretation.
• Such integration should preserve conceptual accuracy and avoid forcing every theory onto every feature.
• The method is interdisciplinary rather than purely biographical, ahistorical or governed by one universal explanation.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. Jacques Derrida సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: C. Foucauldian discourse analysis సమాధానం: C.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. Wolfgang Iser — implied reader సమాధానం: A.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: D. Structuralism maps systems of relations, whereas poststructuralism emphasizes their instability and incomplete closure సమాధానం: D.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. Commodity fetishism సమాధానం: B.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: A. Gynocriticism సమాధానం: A.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: C. Gender is constituted through repeated acts governed by social norms సమాధానం: C.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. Mimicry సమాధానం: D.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: A. 1, 2, 3, 4 సమాధానం: A.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: B. Gaps or blanks సమాధానం: B.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect సమాధానం: C.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect సమాధానం: D.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: A. 1-III, 2-I, 3-II, 4-IV సమాధానం: A.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: C. 1, 3 and 4 only సమాధానం: C.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. Hans Robert Jauss — affective stylistics సమాధానం: B.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. Historiographic metafiction సమాధానం: D.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: A. Intersectional criticism సమాధానం: A.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. Orientalism సమాధానం: B.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: C. Lacanian desire structured by lack సమాధానం: C.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: D. Failure to address corpus bias and data quality సమాధానం: D.
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Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: A. Marxist criticism often emphasizes class and material production, while Foucauldian analysis emphasizes historically organized knowledge and power సమాధానం: A.
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Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22Answer: B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: B.
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Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23Answer: C. 1, 2, 3, 4 సమాధానం: C.
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Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24Answer: A. Postcolonial theory and New Historicism సమాధానం: A.
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Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25Answer: D. Different theories illuminate distinct relations among language, power, identity, history, readers and material conditions సమాధానం: D.
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Question 26 ప్రశ్న 26Answer: A. An interdisciplinary and theoretically integrated reading సమాధానం: A.
