Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which statement most accurately describes ecocriticism?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Ecocriticism examines how texts represent environments, ecological relations and human interactions with the nonhuman world.
• It includes urban spaces, pollution, climate change, animals and environmental justice, not only pastoral writing.
• The field connects cultural representation with material ecological conditions.
• Therefore, option A gives the most comprehensive definition.
• It includes urban spaces, pollution, climate change, animals and environmental justice, not only pastoral writing.
• The field connects cultural representation with material ecological conditions.
• Therefore, option A gives the most comprehensive definition.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Anthropocentrism is the assumption that:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Anthropocentrism places human beings at the centre of moral and cultural value.
• It often treats animals, plants and ecosystems mainly as resources for human use.
• Ecocriticism and posthumanism frequently challenge this hierarchy.
• The concept does not require the belief that every technology is harmful.
• It often treats animals, plants and ecosystems mainly as resources for human use.
• Ecocriticism and posthumanism frequently challenge this hierarchy.
• The concept does not require the belief that every technology is harmful.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Which principle is central to deep ecology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Deep ecology argues that nonhuman beings and ecological systems possess intrinsic value.
• It challenges shallow environmentalism that protects nature only for human benefit.
• The approach calls for profound changes in values, lifestyles and social organization.
• Arne Næss is closely associated with its formulation.
• It challenges shallow environmentalism that protects nature only for human benefit.
• The approach calls for profound changes in values, lifestyles and social organization.
• Arne Næss is closely associated with its formulation.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Who introduced the term deep ecology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss introduced the term deep ecology in the early 1970s.
• He distinguished it from limited approaches concerned only with pollution control and resource management.
• Deep ecology asks fundamental questions about human relationships with the biosphere.
• The other figures are associated with ecocriticism, distant reading and posthumanist theory.
• He distinguished it from limited approaches concerned only with pollution control and resource management.
• Deep ecology asks fundamental questions about human relationships with the biosphere.
• The other figures are associated with ecocriticism, distant reading and posthumanist theory.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Ecofeminism primarily investigates:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Ecofeminism analyses how patriarchal, capitalist and colonial structures may link the oppression of women with environmental exploitation.
• It studies binaries such as man and woman, culture and nature, and reason and body.
• Responsible ecofeminist criticism avoids claiming that women are naturally closer to nature.
• The field combines ecological and feminist analysis.
• It studies binaries such as man and woman, culture and nature, and reason and body.
• Responsible ecofeminist criticism avoids claiming that women are naturally closer to nature.
• The field combines ecological and feminist analysis.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
The Anthropocene is commonly understood as:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Anthropocene names a proposed epoch in which human activity significantly shapes climate, geology and ecosystems.
• Industrialization, fossil-fuel use, mass extinction and altered biogeochemical cycles are central to the debate.
• Critics stress that responsibility is unevenly distributed among classes, nations and economic systems.
• The term therefore has scientific, historical and political dimensions.
• Industrialization, fossil-fuel use, mass extinction and altered biogeochemical cycles are central to the debate.
• Critics stress that responsibility is unevenly distributed among classes, nations and economic systems.
• The term therefore has scientific, historical and political dimensions.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Environmental justice criticism focuses most directly on:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Environmental justice examines how pollution, toxic waste, displacement and resource scarcity affect communities unevenly.
• Race, caste, class, colonial history and political power often shape environmental vulnerability.
• It also emphasizes the right of affected communities to participate in decision-making.
• The approach connects ecology with social justice.
• Race, caste, class, colonial history and political power often shape environmental vulnerability.
• It also emphasizes the right of affected communities to participate in decision-making.
• The approach connects ecology with social justice.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which assumption is most directly challenged by animal studies?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Animal studies questions human exceptionalism and the hierarchy separating humans from other animals.
• It investigates representation, ethics, labour, embodiment and interspecies relations.
• The field asks how the category of the animal helps define the category of the human.
• It does not reject biological or zoological knowledge.
• It investigates representation, ethics, labour, embodiment and interspecies relations.
• The field asks how the category of the animal helps define the category of the human.
• It does not reject biological or zoological knowledge.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which essay by Donna Haraway presents the cyborg as a feminist and political figure?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A Cyborg Manifesto presents the cyborg as a hybrid figure crossing boundaries between organism and machine.
• Haraway uses it to challenge essentialist ideas of gender, identity and nature.
• The cyborg is politically ambivalent because technology may enable both domination and resistance.
• The essay is a major text in feminist technoscience and posthumanist debate.
• Haraway uses it to challenge essentialist ideas of gender, identity and nature.
• The cyborg is politically ambivalent because technology may enable both domination and resistance.
• The essay is a major text in feminist technoscience and posthumanist debate.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Haraway's cyborg most directly disrupts which boundary?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The cyborg destabilizes the boundary between organism and machine.
• It also unsettles divisions between nature and culture, human and animal, and physical and nonphysical.
• Haraway uses this hybridity to resist pure and essential identities.
• The concept is not primarily a narratological or rhetorical distinction.
• It also unsettles divisions between nature and culture, human and animal, and physical and nonphysical.
• Haraway uses this hybridity to resist pure and essential identities.
• The concept is not primarily a narratological or rhetorical distinction.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Posthumanism most directly critiques the idea of:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Posthumanism questions the humanist model of a rational, autonomous and universally representative subject.
• It emphasizes dependence on animals, technologies, environments and material networks.
• The approach does not deny embodiment or ethics.
• Instead, it rethinks agency and responsibility beyond human exceptionalism.
• It emphasizes dependence on animals, technologies, environments and material networks.
• The approach does not deny embodiment or ethics.
• Instead, it rethinks agency and responsibility beyond human exceptionalism.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Which statement best distinguishes posthumanism from a simple rejection of humanity?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Posthumanism does not simply declare humanity worthless.
• It challenges a narrow definition of the human based on mastery, autonomy and separation from nature.
• Human life is understood as relationally constituted through biological, technological and environmental networks.
• This reframing supports new forms of ethical responsibility.
• It challenges a narrow definition of the human based on mastery, autonomy and separation from nature.
• Human life is understood as relationally constituted through biological, technological and environmental networks.
• This reframing supports new forms of ethical responsibility.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Consider the following statements.
Statement I: Ecocriticism may examine both literary form and material environmental history.
Statement II: Ecocriticism is confined to idealized wilderness writing.
Statement I: Ecocriticism may examine both literary form and material environmental history.
Statement II: Ecocriticism is confined to idealized wilderness writing.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement I is correct because ecocriticism connects textual representation with material environmental conditions.
• Statement II is incorrect because the field includes cities, waste, climate change, animals and environmental justice.
• Ecocriticism therefore extends well beyond pastoral and wilderness traditions.
• Hence option C is correct.
• Statement II is incorrect because the field includes cities, waste, climate change, animals and environmental justice.
• Ecocriticism therefore extends well beyond pastoral and wilderness traditions.
• Hence option C is correct.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Assertion: Environmental justice scholars often criticize undifferentiated claims that humanity as a whole caused ecological crisis.
Reason: Historical responsibility and present vulnerability are unevenly distributed across nations, classes and communities.
Reason: Historical responsibility and present vulnerability are unevenly distributed across nations, classes and communities.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because universal language may conceal major differences in responsibility.
• The Reason is correct because industrial power, wealth, race, caste, class and colonial history shape ecological impact unevenly.
• This unequal distribution explains why environmental justice questions an undifferentiated account of humanity.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
• The Reason is correct because industrial power, wealth, race, caste, class and colonial history shape ecological impact unevenly.
• This unequal distribution explains why environmental justice questions an undifferentiated account of humanity.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Match List I with List II.
List I
1. Anthropocentrism
2. Deep ecology
3. Ecofeminism
4. Posthumanism
List II
I. Critique of the autonomous human subject
II. Human-centred hierarchy of value
III. Intrinsic value of nonhuman life
IV. Links between gendered domination and ecological exploitation
List I
1. Anthropocentrism
2. Deep ecology
3. Ecofeminism
4. Posthumanism
List II
I. Critique of the autonomous human subject
II. Human-centred hierarchy of value
III. Intrinsic value of nonhuman life
IV. Links between gendered domination and ecological exploitation
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Anthropocentrism matches II because it privileges human interests and value.
• Deep ecology matches III because it emphasizes the intrinsic value of nonhuman life.
• Ecofeminism matches IV because it analyses links between gendered domination and environmental exploitation.
• Posthumanism matches I because it critiques the autonomous and self-sufficient human subject.
• Therefore, option A gives the correct code.
• Deep ecology matches III because it emphasizes the intrinsic value of nonhuman life.
• Ecofeminism matches IV because it analyses links between gendered domination and environmental exploitation.
• Posthumanism matches I because it critiques the autonomous and self-sufficient human subject.
• Therefore, option A gives the correct code.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Environmental justice is not a concept primarily associated with Jean Baudrillard.
• Baudrillard is associated with simulation and hyperreality.
• Haraway is correctly linked with cyborg theory.
• Moretti and Næss are correctly linked with distant reading and deep ecology.
• Baudrillard is associated with simulation and hyperreality.
• Haraway is correctly linked with cyborg theory.
• Moretti and Næss are correctly linked with distant reading and deep ecology.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Digital humanities is best described as:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Digital humanities uses and critically examines tools such as digital archives, databases, visualization and computational analysis.
• It also studies access, preservation, labour, metadata and algorithmic bias.
• The field does not eliminate interpretation or close reading.
• It combines humanities questions with digital methods and infrastructures.
• It also studies access, preservation, labour, metadata and algorithmic bias.
• The field does not eliminate interpretation or close reading.
• It combines humanities questions with digital methods and infrastructures.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which scholar is most closely associated with distant reading?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Franco Moretti popularized distant reading as a method for studying large literary systems and corpora.
• The method often uses graphs, maps, trees and quantitative patterns.
• It can broaden literary history beyond a small canon.
• Distant reading may complement rather than simply replace close reading.
• The method often uses graphs, maps, trees and quantitative patterns.
• It can broaden literary history beyond a small canon.
• Distant reading may complement rather than simply replace close reading.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Text mining refers to:
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Text mining uses computational procedures to identify patterns in large textual corpora.
• Common methods include frequency analysis, topic modelling, classification and named-entity recognition.
• Results depend on corpus design, preprocessing and interpretation.
• Text mining is therefore a research method rather than random word counting.
• Common methods include frequency analysis, topic modelling, classification and named-entity recognition.
• Results depend on corpus design, preprocessing and interpretation.
• Text mining is therefore a research method rather than random word counting.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which of the following statements are correct?
1. The Anthropocene draws attention to human effects on planetary systems.
2. Environmental justice assumes that ecological risks are equally distributed.
3. Posthumanism questions human exceptionalism.
4. Text mining can reveal patterns across large corpora.
1. The Anthropocene draws attention to human effects on planetary systems.
2. Environmental justice assumes that ecological risks are equally distributed.
3. Posthumanism questions human exceptionalism.
4. Text mining can reveal patterns across large corpora.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct because the Anthropocene highlights large-scale human effects on Earth systems.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because environmental justice emphasizes unequal exposure to harm.
• Statement 3 is correct because posthumanism challenges human exceptionalism.
• Statement 4 is correct because text mining identifies patterns across extensive textual collections.
• Therefore, statements 1, 3 and 4 only are correct, making option D the answer.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because environmental justice emphasizes unequal exposure to harm.
• Statement 3 is correct because posthumanism challenges human exceptionalism.
• Statement 4 is correct because text mining identifies patterns across extensive textual collections.
• Therefore, statements 1, 3 and 4 only are correct, making option D the answer.
వివరణ:
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
A novel portrays a polluted industrial settlement where low-income and marginalized residents suffer the greatest health damage. Which approach is most directly applicable?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Environmental justice criticism examines the unequal distribution of environmental harm.
• The example links pollution with class, marginalization and unequal political power.
• A strong reading would connect narrative representation with material environmental conditions.
• The other approaches do not directly address unequal ecological vulnerability.
• The example links pollution with class, marginalization and unequal political power.
• A strong reading would connect narrative representation with material environmental conditions.
• The other approaches do not directly address unequal ecological vulnerability.
వివరణ:
Question 22
ప్రశ్న 22
A narrative depicts humans, an artificial intelligence system and a sensor network as jointly producing decisions. Which concept best explains this arrangement?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Posthumanism often understands agency as distributed across human and nonhuman actors.
• Decisions emerge from relations among bodies, software, data and technological infrastructures.
• This challenges the model of a single autonomous human controller.
• The other concepts belong to reader-response and psychoanalytic theory.
• Decisions emerge from relations among bodies, software, data and technological infrastructures.
• This challenges the model of a single autonomous human controller.
• The other concepts belong to reader-response and psychoanalytic theory.
వివరణ:
Question 23
ప్రశ్న 23
Assertion: Distant reading can expand literary history beyond a narrow canon.
Reason: Computational methods can identify patterns across thousands of texts that cannot all be examined closely.
Reason: Computational methods can identify patterns across thousands of texts that cannot all be examined closely.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because distant reading can include large and often neglected collections.
• The Reason is correct because computational methods process patterns across thousands of texts.
• This broader scale can reveal genre, publication and vocabulary trends beyond canonical selections.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
• The Reason is correct because computational methods process patterns across thousands of texts.
• This broader scale can reveal genre, publication and vocabulary trends beyond canonical selections.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 24
ప్రశ్న 24
A researcher uses topic modelling on thousands of novels but ignores OCR errors and the exclusion of non-digitized works. What is the major methodological problem?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Computational results depend on the quality and representativeness of the corpus.
• OCR errors can distort word frequencies and topic patterns.
• Excluding non-digitized works may reproduce archival and canonical bias.
• Digital humanities therefore requires critical attention to data provenance and limitations.
• OCR errors can distort word frequencies and topic patterns.
• Excluding non-digitized works may reproduce archival and canonical bias.
• Digital humanities therefore requires critical attention to data provenance and limitations.
వివరణ:
Question 25
ప్రశ్న 25
Which statement best summarizes the shared significance of ecocriticism, posthumanism and digital humanities?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Ecocriticism expands analysis toward environments, animals and ecological justice.
• Posthumanism rethinks agency and subjectivity through relations among humans, machines and nonhuman life.
• Digital humanities studies texts through digital archives, computation and large-scale patterns.
• Together, these fields challenge narrow models of isolated texts and autonomous human subjects.
• Therefore, option D provides the best summary.
• Posthumanism rethinks agency and subjectivity through relations among humans, machines and nonhuman life.
• Digital humanities studies texts through digital archives, computation and large-scale patterns.
• Together, these fields challenge narrow models of isolated texts and autonomous human subjects.
• Therefore, option D provides the best summary.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
-
Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: A. The study of relationships between literature, culture and the physical environment సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: B. Human interests and values occupy the central or superior position సమాధానం: B.
-
Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: C. Nonhuman life has intrinsic value independent of human usefulness సమాధానం: C.
-
Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: D. Arne Næss సమాధానం: D.
-
Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: A. Connections between the domination of women and the exploitation of nature సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: B. A proposed geological epoch marked by major human effects on Earth systems సమాధానం: B.
-
Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: C. Unequal exposure to environmental harm and unequal access to resources సమాధానం: C.
-
Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. Human beings occupy a naturally superior position over other animals సమాధానం: D.
-
Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: A. A Cyborg Manifesto సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: B. Organism and machine సమాధానం: B.
-
Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: C. The autonomous, universal and self-sufficient human subject సమాధానం: C.
-
Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. Posthumanism redefines the human as relational, embodied and entangled with nonhuman systems సమాధానం: D.
-
Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect సమాధానం: C.
-
Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: A. 1-II, 2-III, 3-IV, 4-I సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. Jean Baudrillard — environmental justice సమాధానం: D.
-
Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. The use and critical study of digital methods, tools and infrastructures in humanities research సమాధానం: B.
-
Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: C. Franco Moretti సమాధానం: C.
-
Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: B. Computational extraction of patterns and information from textual collections సమాధానం: B.
-
Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: D. 1, 3 and 4 only సమాధానం: D.
-
Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: A. Environmental justice criticism సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22Answer: B. Posthumanist distributed agency సమాధానం: B.
-
Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23Answer: A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: A.
-
Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24Answer: C. The researcher ignores corpus bias and data-quality limitations సమాధానం: C.
-
Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25Answer: D. They expand literary study toward environments, nonhuman actors, technologies and large-scale textual systems సమాధానం: D.