Please keep at least one language enabled. / కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Where was the first printing press in India established in 1556?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The first printing press in India was established at Goa in 1556 under Portuguese Jesuit auspices.
• It was initially connected with missionary and religious publication.
• Serampore became a major printing centre much later, around the beginning of the nineteenth century.
• The Goa press marks the beginning of movable-type printing in India.
• It was initially connected with missionary and religious publication.
• Serampore became a major printing centre much later, around the beginning of the nineteenth century.
• The Goa press marks the beginning of movable-type printing in India.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Which pair is most closely associated with the beginning of the Protestant mission at Tranquebar in 1706?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg and Heinrich Plütschau arrived at Tranquebar in 1706 as Protestant missionaries.
• Their mission became important for Tamil study, translation, schooling and printing.
• Carey and Marshman were associated with the later Serampore Mission.
• Jones, Wilkins and Gilchrist were primarily connected with Oriental scholarship and colonial language study.
• Their mission became important for Tamil study, translation, schooling and printing.
• Carey and Marshman were associated with the later Serampore Mission.
• Jones, Wilkins and Gilchrist were primarily connected with Oriental scholarship and colonial language study.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
The Serampore Mission is most famously associated with which group?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• William Carey, Joshua Marshman and William Ward are commonly known as the Serampore Trio.
• They developed missionary schools, translation projects and a major printing enterprise at Serampore.
• Their work extended across Bengali and several other Asian languages.
• The other groups belong to different phases of Oriental scholarship, Anglicist policy or education in Bengal.
• They developed missionary schools, translation projects and a major printing enterprise at Serampore.
• Their work extended across Bengali and several other Asian languages.
• The other groups belong to different phases of Oriental scholarship, Anglicist policy or education in Bengal.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Who founded Fort William College at Calcutta in 1800?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Lord Wellesley founded Fort William College in Calcutta in 1800.
• The institution was intended to train East India Company civil servants for administrative work in India.
• It promoted the study of Indian languages and sponsored translations, grammars and textbooks.
• Warren Hastings, William Jones and Jonathan Duncan were linked with other Oriental institutions.
• The institution was intended to train East India Company civil servants for administrative work in India.
• It promoted the study of Indian languages and sponsored translations, grammars and textbooks.
• Warren Hastings, William Jones and Jonathan Duncan were linked with other Oriental institutions.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
What was the principal administrative purpose of Fort William College?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Fort William College was designed to prepare Company officials for service in India.
• Its curriculum included Indian languages, laws, customs and administrative knowledge.
• The college also encouraged the production of prose texts, translations, dictionaries and grammars.
• It was not founded as a general university for Indian students or as a classical European academy.
• Its curriculum included Indian languages, laws, customs and administrative knowledge.
• The college also encouraged the production of prose texts, translations, dictionaries and grammars.
• It was not founded as a general university for Indian students or as a classical European academy.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which missionary-scholar served as a professor of Bengali at Fort William College?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• William Carey was appointed professor of Bengali at Fort William College.
• He combined missionary activity with language teaching, grammar writing, lexicography and translation.
• His connection with both Serampore and Fort William linked missionary print culture with colonial language training.
• Ward was chiefly associated with printing, while Duff belonged to a later phase of English-medium missionary education.
• He combined missionary activity with language teaching, grammar writing, lexicography and translation.
• His connection with both Serampore and Fort William linked missionary print culture with colonial language training.
• Ward was chiefly associated with printing, while Duff belonged to a later phase of English-medium missionary education.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which feature best characterises the Serampore Press?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Serampore Press produced Bibles, religious tracts, grammars, dictionaries, textbooks and other works in numerous languages.
• Its multilingual output was central to missionary education and vernacular print culture.
• The press did not confine itself to English or to official government publications.
• Its work contributed to the standardisation and wider circulation of several written languages.
• Its multilingual output was central to missionary education and vernacular print culture.
• The press did not confine itself to English or to official government publications.
• Its work contributed to the standardisation and wider circulation of several written languages.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Who wrote A Grammar of the Bengal Language, published in 1778?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Nathaniel Brassey Halhed wrote A Grammar of the Bengal Language, published in 1778.
• The book was important in the early colonial study and codification of Bengali.
• Its printing made use of Bengali movable type developed through the work of Charles Wilkins and Indian artisans.
• Carey later produced his own Bengali grammar and dictionary.
• The book was important in the early colonial study and codification of Bengali.
• Its printing made use of Bengali movable type developed through the work of Charles Wilkins and Indian artisans.
• Carey later produced his own Bengali grammar and dictionary.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Who collaborated with the Indian type-cutter Panchanan Karmakar in the development of early Bengali printing types?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Charles Wilkins worked with Panchanan Karmakar in developing Bengali movable type.
• Their collaboration made the printing of Halhed's Bengali grammar possible.
• Panchanan Karmakar's role demonstrates the importance of Indian technical expertise in colonial print culture.
• Ward, Gilchrist and Marshman contributed to other areas of printing, language study and translation.
• Their collaboration made the printing of Halhed's Bengali grammar possible.
• Panchanan Karmakar's role demonstrates the importance of Indian technical expertise in colonial print culture.
• Ward, Gilchrist and Marshman contributed to other areas of printing, language study and translation.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which Oriental institution was founded by Warren Hastings in 1781?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Warren Hastings founded the Calcutta Madrasa in 1781.
• It was intended to support the study of Islamic law and related branches of learning useful to colonial administration.
• Benares Sanskrit College was founded in 1791, and Fort William College in 1800.
• The institution reflects the early Orientalist policy of governing partly through established Indian scholarly traditions.
• It was intended to support the study of Islamic law and related branches of learning useful to colonial administration.
• Benares Sanskrit College was founded in 1791, and Fort William College in 1800.
• The institution reflects the early Orientalist policy of governing partly through established Indian scholarly traditions.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Benares Sanskrit College, founded in 1791, is chiefly associated with which colonial administrator?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Jonathan Duncan founded Benares Sanskrit College in 1791.
• The college promoted Sanskrit learning, especially fields relevant to Hindu law and traditional scholarship.
• It formed part of the Orientalist institutional approach of the late eighteenth century.
• Lord Wellesley founded Fort William College, while the other figures were associated with different administrative and educational debates.
• The college promoted Sanskrit learning, especially fields relevant to Hindu law and traditional scholarship.
• It formed part of the Orientalist institutional approach of the late eighteenth century.
• Lord Wellesley founded Fort William College, while the other figures were associated with different administrative and educational debates.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
The Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded in 1784 by whom?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Sir William Jones founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1784.
• The society encouraged research into Indian languages, histories, laws, literatures and antiquities.
• Its scholarship contributed to Orientalist knowledge production under colonial rule.
• Carey, Colebrooke and Wilkins were also important scholars, but they did not found the society.
• The society encouraged research into Indian languages, histories, laws, literatures and antiquities.
• Its scholarship contributed to Orientalist knowledge production under colonial rule.
• Carey, Colebrooke and Wilkins were also important scholars, but they did not found the society.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Which institution in Madras became an important centre for the study, translation and printing of South Indian languages during the early nineteenth century?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The College of Fort St George in Madras became an important centre for the study of South Indian languages.
• It supported the training of colonial officials and the preparation of grammars, dictionaries and translations.
• Indian scholars worked alongside European officials in its language projects.
• The other institutions were based in Bengal or served different educational purposes.
• It supported the training of colonial officials and the preparation of grammars, dictionaries and translations.
• Indian scholars worked alongside European officials in its language projects.
• The other institutions were based in Bengal or served different educational purposes.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which organisation, founded in Calcutta in 1817, aimed to prepare and distribute useful schoolbooks?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Calcutta School-Book Society was founded in 1817 to prepare, publish and distribute textbooks.
• It supported educational material in English and Indian languages.
• The organisation illustrates the growing connection among printing, schooling and textbook production.
• The Calcutta School Society was a related but distinct body concerned with the improvement of schools.
• It supported educational material in English and Indian languages.
• The organisation illustrates the growing connection among printing, schooling and textbook production.
• The Calcutta School Society was a related but distinct body concerned with the improvement of schools.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Match List I with List II.
List I: 1. William Carey 2. John Gilchrist 3. Nathaniel Brassey Halhed 4. Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
List II: a. Early Tamil Protestant translation and printing b. Hindustani studies at Fort William College c. A Grammar of the Bengal Language d. Bengali teaching and missionary translation
List I: 1. William Carey 2. John Gilchrist 3. Nathaniel Brassey Halhed 4. Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
List II: a. Early Tamil Protestant translation and printing b. Hindustani studies at Fort William College c. A Grammar of the Bengal Language d. Bengali teaching and missionary translation
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• William Carey is associated with Bengali teaching, missionary translation and the Serampore enterprise.
• John Gilchrist promoted the study and codification of Hindustani at Fort William College.
• Nathaniel Brassey Halhed wrote A Grammar of the Bengal Language.
• Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg was a pioneer of Protestant Tamil translation, education and printing at Tranquebar.
• Therefore, the correct code is 1-d, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a.
• John Gilchrist promoted the study and codification of Hindustani at Fort William College.
• Nathaniel Brassey Halhed wrote A Grammar of the Bengal Language.
• Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg was a pioneer of Protestant Tamil translation, education and printing at Tranquebar.
• Therefore, the correct code is 1-d, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
Arrange the following in chronological order: 1. Establishment of the printing press at Goa 2. Founding of the Tranquebar Mission 3. Founding of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 4. Founding of Fort William College
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The printing press at Goa was established in 1556.
• The Tranquebar Mission began in 1706.
• The Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded in 1784.
• Fort William College was founded in 1800.
• The correct chronological sequence is therefore 1, 2, 3, 4.
• The Tranquebar Mission began in 1706.
• The Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded in 1784.
• Fort William College was founded in 1800.
• The correct chronological sequence is therefore 1, 2, 3, 4.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Consider the following statements.
Statement I: Missionary presses contributed to the growth of prose, literacy materials and vernacular publication in India.
Statement II: Missionary translators often depended on Indian scholars, teachers, compositors and language assistants.
Statement I: Missionary presses contributed to the growth of prose, literacy materials and vernacular publication in India.
Statement II: Missionary translators often depended on Indian scholars, teachers, compositors and language assistants.
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement I is correct because missionary presses issued religious texts, primers, grammars, dictionaries and schoolbooks.
• Statement II is correct because European missionaries frequently relied on Indian linguistic, literary and technical expertise.
• Translation and printing were collaborative processes rather than purely European achievements.
• Therefore, both statements are correct.
• Statement II is correct because European missionaries frequently relied on Indian linguistic, literary and technical expertise.
• Translation and printing were collaborative processes rather than purely European achievements.
• Therefore, both statements are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Assertion: Translation was central to colonial knowledge production in India.
Reason: Translated texts, dictionaries and grammars enabled colonial officials to classify languages, interpret laws and communicate through administrative institutions.
Reason: Translated texts, dictionaries and grammars enabled colonial officials to classify languages, interpret laws and communicate through administrative institutions.
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because translation helped produce organised colonial knowledge about Indian societies and languages.
• The Reason is also correct because grammars, dictionaries and translated legal or literary texts supported governance and classification.
• These practical and intellectual functions explain why translation became central to colonial institutions.
• The Reason therefore correctly explains the Assertion.
• The Reason is also correct because grammars, dictionaries and translated legal or literary texts supported governance and classification.
• These practical and intellectual functions explain why translation became central to colonial institutions.
• The Reason therefore correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which of the following statements are correct?
1. Early missionary printing encouraged the preparation of grammars and dictionaries.
2. Indian language experts played important roles in translation and type production.
3. Missionaries printed exclusively in English and avoided Indian languages.
4. Translation could reshape fluid linguistic practices into standardised categories.
1. Early missionary printing encouraged the preparation of grammars and dictionaries.
2. Indian language experts played important roles in translation and type production.
3. Missionaries printed exclusively in English and avoided Indian languages.
4. Translation could reshape fluid linguistic practices into standardised categories.
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct because missionary language work often produced grammars, dictionaries and primers.
• Statement 2 is correct because pandits, munshis, translators, compositors and type-cutters were essential collaborators.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because missionaries printed extensively in Indian languages.
• Statement 4 is correct because grammar writing and lexicography often imposed standard forms and classifications.
• Hence, the correct combination is 1, 2 and 4 only.
• Statement 2 is correct because pandits, munshis, translators, compositors and type-cutters were essential collaborators.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because missionaries printed extensively in Indian languages.
• Statement 4 is correct because grammar writing and lexicography often imposed standard forms and classifications.
• Hence, the correct combination is 1, 2 and 4 only.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• William Ward supervised and developed major aspects of printing at Serampore.
• Joshua Marshman contributed to missionary scholarship, education and translation.
• John Gilchrist was influential in the study and teaching of Hindustani at Fort William College.
• Fort William College was founded by Lord Wellesley, not William Jones.
• Therefore, the fourth pair is incorrectly matched.
• Joshua Marshman contributed to missionary scholarship, education and translation.
• John Gilchrist was influential in the study and teaching of Hindustani at Fort William College.
• Fort William College was founded by Lord Wellesley, not William Jones.
• Therefore, the fourth pair is incorrectly matched.
వివరణ:
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
Which description best represents the general character of early missionary education in India?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Missionary education commonly combined religious instruction with literacy, schooling and the production of printed materials.
• Missionaries prepared primers, catechisms, translations, grammars and dictionaries in local languages.
• Their schools were not restricted entirely to European children.
• Printing was a major instrument of missionary educational expansion.
• Missionaries prepared primers, catechisms, translations, grammars and dictionaries in local languages.
• Their schools were not restricted entirely to European children.
• Printing was a major instrument of missionary educational expansion.
వివరణ:
Question 22
ప్రశ్న 22
Which statement best explains how grammars and dictionaries participated in colonial knowledge production?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Grammars and dictionaries organised linguistic forms into categories that could be taught, printed and administratively applied.
• Such works often selected particular varieties as standard and marginalised others.
• They were created through interactions between European scholars and Indian language experts.
• Their function extended beyond description to governance, education and the production of colonial authority.
• Such works often selected particular varieties as standard and marginalised others.
• They were created through interactions between European scholars and Indian language experts.
• Their function extended beyond description to governance, education and the production of colonial authority.
వివరణ:
Question 23
ప్రశ్న 23
Bagh-o-Bahar, a major work associated with Fort William College, was prepared by which writer?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mir Amman prepared Bagh-o-Bahar in Hindustani under the institutional influence of Fort William College.
• The work is based on the tale of the four dervishes and became important in the development of modern Urdu prose.
• John Gilchrist encouraged the preparation of accessible prose texts for language instruction.
• Lallu Lal and Sadal Mishra were important in early Hindi prose, while Insha Allah Khan wrote in several literary forms.
• The work is based on the tale of the four dervishes and became important in the development of modern Urdu prose.
• John Gilchrist encouraged the preparation of accessible prose texts for language instruction.
• Lallu Lal and Sadal Mishra were important in early Hindi prose, while Insha Allah Khan wrote in several literary forms.
వివరణ:
Question 24
ప్రశ్న 24
Which comparison between Oriental institutions and missionary institutions is most accurate?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Oriental institutions such as the Calcutta Madrasa and Benares Sanskrit College supported established scholarly and legal traditions.
• Missionary institutions placed strong emphasis on Bible translation, popular schooling, literacy and vernacular publication.
• The two institutional worlds sometimes overlapped through scholars, languages and printing practices.
• Neither can be reduced to an exclusive commitment to English.
• Missionary institutions placed strong emphasis on Bible translation, popular schooling, literacy and vernacular publication.
• The two institutional worlds sometimes overlapped through scholars, languages and printing practices.
• Neither can be reduced to an exclusive commitment to English.
వివరణ:
Question 25
ప్రశ్న 25
Which interpretation best recognises the role of Indian collaborators in early colonial printing and translation?
Select an option first. / ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Indian pandits, munshis, translators, compositors, teachers and type-cutters supplied indispensable expertise.
• They helped select vocabulary, explain grammar, prepare manuscripts, cut type and correct printed texts.
• Their labour shaped dictionaries, translations, textbooks and administrative language manuals.
• Recognising this collaboration challenges accounts that attribute colonial knowledge solely to European scholars.
• They helped select vocabulary, explain grammar, prepare manuscripts, cut type and correct printed texts.
• Their labour shaped dictionaries, translations, textbooks and administrative language manuals.
• Recognising this collaboration challenges accounts that attribute colonial knowledge solely to European scholars.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. Goa సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: A. Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg and Heinrich Plütschau సమాధానం: A.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: C. William Carey, Joshua Marshman and William Ward సమాధానం: C.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: D. Lord Wellesley సమాధానం: D.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. To train East India Company civil servants in Indian languages and administration సమాధానం: B.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: C. William Carey సమాధానం: C.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. It printed religious, linguistic and educational works in many languages సమాధానం: A.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. Nathaniel Brassey Halhed సమాధానం: D.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: B. Charles Wilkins సమాధానం: B.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: C. Calcutta Madrasa సమాధానం: C.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: A. Jonathan Duncan సమాధానం: A.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. William Jones సమాధానం: D.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: B. College of Fort St George సమాధానం: B.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: C. The Calcutta School-Book Society సమాధానం: C.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: A. 1-d, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a సమాధానం: A.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. 1, 2, 3, 4 సమాధానం: D.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct సమాధానం: A.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: B.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: C. 1, 2 and 4 only సమాధానం: C.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: D. Fort William College — Founded by William Jones సమాధానం: D.
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Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: B. It often combined evangelisation with schooling, vernacular literacy, translation and textbook production సమాధానం: B.
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Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22Answer: C. They codified languages into teachable and administratively usable forms సమాధానం: C.
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Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23Answer: A. Mir Amman సమాధానం: A.
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Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24Answer: D. Oriental institutions often studied classical and administrative traditions, while missionary institutions strongly promoted translation, schooling and vernacular print సమాధానం: D.
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Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25Answer: B. They supplied essential linguistic, literary, scribal and technical expertise సమాధానం: B.