Test 33 - Solid Waste Collection

Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1

An urban local body is redesigning door-to-door municipal solid-waste collection to comply with the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2026. Which arrangement is most appropriate?

A Collect wet and dry waste together while keeping only sanitary waste in a separate vehicle compartment. B Replace segregated door-to-door collection with mixed community bins and separate the waste only at the landfill. C Arrange collection of separately stored wet, dry, sanitary and special-care waste, using suitable schedules and handling arrangements. D Collect all four waste streams together and rely on compaction to prevent contamination between them.

Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2

Which statement correctly distinguishes a hauled-container collection system (HCS) from a stationary-container collection system (SCS)?

A In HCS, the waste-filled container itself is transported for emptying or replacement, whereas in SCS the container remains at the collection location while its contents are emptied into a vehicle. B In HCS, the container always remains at the generator's premises, whereas SCS transports the entire container to the disposal facility. C Both HCS and SCS necessarily transport every filled container directly to the final landfill. D HCS is restricted to hand-loaded residential bins, while SCS is restricted to large industrial containers.

Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3

A large institutional complex generates substantial waste at one accessible collection point and has space for exchangeable large containers. Which collection arrangement is most suitable for evaluation?

A Manual house-to-house collection using small buckets, irrespective of the concentrated generation rate. B A stationary-bin system that requires every small bin to be carried individually to a distant disposal facility. C Uncontainerized roadside accumulation followed by occasional manual loading. D A hauled-container system using compatible large containers and suitable lifting and transport vehicles.

Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4

A dense residential locality contains numerous small waste-generation points and narrow streets accessible to compact collection vehicles. Which collection-system choice is generally more appropriate than hauling each household container separately?

A Use individual hauled containers for every dwelling so that each household container makes a separate disposal trip. B Use suitably sized stationary household or shared containers with organized primary collection and compatible transfer to collection vehicles. C Require all households to carry their waste directly to the final processing facility. D Use an industrial roll-off container at every house regardless of road width and waste quantity.

Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5

A residential neighbourhood generates significant putrescible wet waste during a hot season. Which onsite-storage and collection arrangement best addresses public-health and collection requirements?

A Provide uncovered roadside storage and reduce the collection frequency to minimize vehicle trips. B Combine sanitary waste with food waste so that fewer household containers are required. C Provide covered, washable and appropriately segregated storage with frequent wet-waste collection based on generation and local conditions. D Increase storage duration without changing bin capacity because moisture loss will reliably prevent odour.

Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6

A municipal engineer must locate community waste-storage containers in a high-density commercial district. Which layout decision is most defensible?

A Provide accessible, adequately sized and segregated container locations that allow safe vehicle servicing without obstructing drains, pedestrians or traffic. B Place every community container directly over an open roadside drain to simplify washing. C Concentrate all containers at one distant site without examining walking distance, collection access or generation patterns. D Remove container lids and increase the distance between collection visits to reduce the number of vehicle stops.

Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7

A collection authority proposes identical pickup intervals for wet organic waste and clean, separately stored dry recyclables. Which engineering response is most appropriate?

A Use identical intervals because storage time has no relationship to waste characteristics. B Collect dry recyclables more frequently in every situation because all dry materials decay faster than food waste. C Determine frequency solely from vehicle purchase cost without considering storage quantity. D Select collection frequency separately for different streams, considering putrescibility, safe storage, generation rate and transport efficiency.

Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8

A municipal collection route has excessive repeated travel over the same streets, heavy traffic delays and uneven workloads among crews. Which redesign approach is most appropriate?

A Increase the number of overlapping routes so that collection vehicles repeatedly cover the same street segments. B Form geographically compact and reasonably balanced routes while considering one-way streets, traffic patterns, collection time and disposal trips. C Assign routes exclusively by road length without considering collection points or the quantity of waste. D Require each vehicle to return to the depot after every household pickup to make its operating schedule predictable.

Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9

Which pairing correctly distinguishes macrorouting from microrouting in municipal solid-waste collection planning?

A Macrorouting divides the service area into workable collection routes, while microrouting determines the detailed sequence of streets and stops within a route. B Macrorouting selects the order of individual bins, while microrouting determines the total number of municipal wards. C Macrorouting determines the chemical composition of waste, while microrouting determines its moisture content. D Both terms refer exclusively to selecting container materials rather than vehicle movement.

Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10

A municipality plans to replace manual lifting of heavy community bins with compatible mechanical bin-lifting vehicles. Which assessment is most appropriate?

A Mechanical lifting guarantees that no collection worker is required for vehicle operation or container positioning. B Mechanical lifting eliminates the importance of container dimensions and pavement access. C Mechanization can reduce manual handling and improve productivity, but equipment compatibility, crew deployment, maintenance and site access must be evaluated. D Vehicle purchase cost alone determines the appropriate collection technology, regardless of operating and labour costs.

Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11

A growing city is considering a transfer station between primary collection routes and a distant processing facility. Which condition most strongly supports evaluating this arrangement?

A All collection routes already terminate next to the processing facility with negligible unloading delays. B Small collection vehicles spend a substantial part of their shifts on long disposal hauls, making transfer to higher-capacity transport potentially advantageous. C The city has no provision for segregated waste handling and intends to mix all recovered materials at the transfer station. D A transfer station is compulsory for every community regardless of haul distance, quantity or available vehicles.

Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12

A residential collection zone contains 1,200 households, each with four residents. An assumed waste-generation rate is 0.45 kg/person/day, and stored loose waste has a density of 240 kg/m3. If nominal container capacity may be used only up to 75%, what combined nominal storage volume is needed for one day of generated waste?

A 9 m3. B 16 m3. C 18 m3. D 12 m3.

Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13

A community-storage point must accommodate 1,260 litres of segregated dry waste before the next collection. Available containers each have 60 litres nominal capacity, but operational fill is limited to 70%. What minimum number of containers is required?

A 30 containers. B 21 containers. C 24 containers. D 36 containers.

Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14

A municipality has 2,800 occupied households, of which 2,500 receive scheduled door-to-door solid-waste collection. What is its household collection-service coverage percentage?

A 80.0%. B 92.0%. C Approximately 89.3%. D Approximately 112.0%.

Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15

An urban area has a population of 50,000 and an assumed waste-generation rate of 0.60 kg/person/day. If the municipal system collects 85% of the generated mass, what are the daily waste-generation and collection quantities?

A 25.5 tonnes generated and 30.0 tonnes collected. B 30.0 tonnes generated and 25.5 tonnes collected. C 30.0 tonnes generated and 4.5 tonnes collected. D 50.0 tonnes generated and 42.5 tonnes collected.

Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16

A collection vehicle has 8 m3 usable waste-body capacity and a maximum permissible waste payload of 3.0 tonnes. Collected waste has a compacted bulk density of 450 kg/m3. How many loads are needed to transport 15 tonnes of waste, assuming each load uses the maximum feasible mass capacity?

A Four loads, because the body can hold 3.6 tonnes. B Three loads, because the vehicle's nominal body capacity determines payload directly. C Six loads, because every trip is restricted to 2.5 tonnes. D Five loads, because the 3.0-tonne payload limit governs.

Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17

A compactor vehicle has 12 m3 usable body volume, a permissible waste payload of 4.5 tonnes and a compacted waste density of 500 kg/m3. What minimum number of trips is required to transport 25 tonnes/day, assuming the vehicle can make the required trips?

A Six trips. B Five trips. C Four trips. D Seven trips.

Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18

A collection crew serves an average of 42 households per hour of active collection time. Each crew has five productive collection hours per day, and a service area contains 1,260 households requiring daily collection. What minimum number of identical crews is needed?

A Four crews. B Five crews. C Six crews. D Seven crews.

Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19

A collection vehicle has 7.5 hours of available working time per shift. Each complete collection cycle requires 75 minutes for collection, 20 minutes for travel and 15 minutes for unloading and other cycle activities. What maximum number of complete cycles can the vehicle perform in one shift?

A Three cycles. B Four cycles. C Five cycles. D Six cycles.

Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20

A community container station receives 2,400 kg/day of waste with measured bulk density 400 kg/m3. Containers are cleared once every two days, and usable fill is limited to 80% of nominal capacity. What combined nominal container volume is required, neglecting peak-generation reserves?

A 12 m3. B 18 m3. C 24 m3. D 15 m3.

Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21

A hauled-container collection operation must service six large containers. Each container requires 18 minutes for exchange and handling, 36 minutes for the complete haul-and-return travel cycle, and 12 minutes for unloading. Neglect all other delays. What total operating time is required?

A 396 minutes, or 6 hours 36 minutes. B 324 minutes, or 5 hours 24 minutes. C 432 minutes, or 7 hours 12 minutes. D 540 minutes, or 9 hours.

Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22

A collection service must transport 27 tonnes/day of waste. Each vehicle has a rated payload of 5.0 tonnes, achieves an average effective load of 90% of rated payload per trip and can make two trips daily. What minimum number of identical operating vehicles is required?

A Two vehicles. B Four vehicles. C Three vehicles. D Six vehicles.

Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23

A municipal waste-collection operation incurs daily labour expenses of Rs. 12,000, vehicle fuel and maintenance costs of Rs. 8,000, and allocated fixed costs of Rs. 5,000. If the system collects 50 tonnes/day, what is the collection cost per tonne using these specified costs?

A Rs. 400 per tonne. B Rs. 500 per tonne. C Rs. 250 per tonne. D Rs. 625 per tonne.

Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24

A collection crew must service 300 premises during an 8-hour shift. Average loading and service time is 1.2 minutes per premise, and travel plus unloading require another 45 and 30 minutes, respectively. How much time remains in the shift after completing the planned work?

A 45 minutes. B 30 minutes. C 75 minutes. D 120 minutes.

Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25

A municipality is comparing collection systems for two service areas: Area P contains closely spaced residential premises along narrow streets, while Area Q contains a few large institutions generating concentrated quantities of waste. Which integrated collection strategy is most defensible?

A Use identical large hauled-container vehicles in both areas without considering road access, stop frequency or generation concentration. B Use small manually handled containers for every large institution and require each container to make a separate long-distance disposal journey. C Choose the vehicle with the largest body volume for both areas and assume it will always provide the lowest collection cost. D Evaluate small segregated primary-collection vehicles with suitable stationary bins for Area P and compatible bulk or hauled-container collection for Area Q, subject to route and cost analysis.

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