Test 21 - Open-Channel Flow Fundamentals

Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1

Which feature fundamentally distinguishes open-channel flow from ordinary pressure flow in a pipe running full?

A The flowing liquid possesses a free surface exposed to a gas, usually the atmosphere B The fluid must always have zero pressure everywhere C Open-channel flow cannot occur in an artificial conduit D Viscosity has no influence on open-channel flow

Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2

What is the principal driving mechanism for ordinary gravity flow in an open channel?

A The component of the liquid weight acting along the channel B A pressure difference imposed by completely sealed pipe ends C Surface tension alone D Centrifugal force alone

Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3

Which statement best defines a prismatic open channel?

A Its cross-sectional shape, size and bed slope remain unchanged along the reach considered B Its flow depth must be constant at every instant C Its discharge must necessarily be constant with time D Its cross-section must always be rectangular

Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4

For an open-channel cross-section, which set of definitions is correct?

A Hydraulic radius R = A/P and hydraulic depth D = A/T B Hydraulic radius R = P/A and hydraulic depth D = T/A C Hydraulic radius R = A/T and hydraulic depth D = A/P D Hydraulic radius R = AT and hydraulic depth D = AP

Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5

A rectangular channel is 4.0 m wide and carries water to a depth of 1.5 m. What is its hydraulic radius?

A 0.667 m B 0.857 m C 1.143 m D 1.500 m

Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6

A trapezoidal channel has bottom width b = 3 m, flow depth y = 2 m and side slope 1 horizontal to 1 vertical on each side. What are its flow area and hydraulic radius approximately?

A A = 8.0 m² and R = 0.924 m B A = 10.0 m² and R = 1.155 m C A = 12.0 m² and R = 1.386 m D A = 14.0 m² and R = 2.000 m

Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7

A symmetric triangular channel has side slope 1.5 horizontal to 1 vertical and carries water to a depth of 2.0 m. What are its hydraulic radius and hydraulic depth approximately?

A R = 0.416 m and D = 0.500 m B R = 0.832 m and D = 1.000 m C R = 1.000 m and D = 0.832 m D R = 1.500 m and D = 2.000 m

Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8

For a very wide rectangular open channel in which the width is much greater than the flow depth, which approximation is appropriate for the hydraulic radius?

A R is approximately equal to the flow depth B R is approximately twice the flow depth C R is approximately equal to the channel width D R approaches zero regardless of depth

Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9

Which boundary is excluded when calculating the wetted perimeter of an ordinary open-channel section?

A The free water surface B The channel bed C The submerged left side D The submerged right side

Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10

What is the hydraulic depth of a rectangular channel carrying water to depth y?

A y/2 B y C 2y D It depends on the channel width even after the ratio A/T is formed

Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11

Which statement correctly distinguishes steady from unsteady open-channel flow?

A In steady flow, flow properties at a specified section do not change with time; in unsteady flow, they do B Steady flow requires the depth to be identical at every section along the channel C Unsteady flow means the channel geometry changes with distance D Steady flow can exist only in a horizontal channel

Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12

Which statement correctly distinguishes uniform from non-uniform open-channel flow?

A Uniform flow has no variation of flow properties such as depth along the channel, whereas non-uniform flow has spatial variation B Uniform flow means discharge never changes with time C Non-uniform flow can occur only in non-prismatic channels D Uniform flow requires zero boundary resistance

Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13

A canal carries a constant discharge with a depth that gradually increases in the downstream direction but does not change with time at any fixed section. How should the flow be classified?

A Steady and non-uniform B Unsteady and uniform C Steady and uniform D Unsteady and necessarily supercritical

Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14

Which statement about a prismatic channel is correct?

A A prismatic channel can carry either uniform or non-uniform flow depending on hydraulic conditions B Every prismatic channel necessarily carries uniform flow C A prismatic channel cannot carry unsteady flow D Prismatic channels must always have triangular cross-sections

Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15

Which statement correctly distinguishes gradually varied flow from rapidly varied flow?

A In gradually varied flow the depth changes over a relatively long distance, whereas in rapidly varied flow substantial depth change occurs over a short distance B Gradually varied flow is always unsteady and rapidly varied flow is always steady C Rapidly varied flow has constant depth by definition D Gradually varied flow can occur only at Froude number exactly equal to one

Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16

For steady uniform flow in a prismatic open channel, which statement is normally correct along the uniform reach?

A Flow depth, area and mean velocity remain constant, and the friction slope balances the channel-bed slope B Flow depth must increase continuously downstream C Mean velocity must decrease continuously downstream D The energy grade line must be horizontal regardless of channel slope

Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17

For an open-channel section of arbitrary shape, which expression gives the Froude number when V is mean velocity and D = A/T is hydraulic depth?

A Fr = V/√(gD) B Fr = √(gD)/V² C Fr = VD/g D Fr = gD/V

Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18

Which basic open-channel classification based on Froude number is correct?

A Fr < 1 subcritical, Fr = 1 critical, Fr > 1 supercritical B Fr < 1 supercritical, Fr = 1 uniform, Fr > 1 subcritical C Fr = 0 critical and Fr > 0 subcritical D Fr is unrelated to open-channel flow regime

Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19

Water flows in a rectangular channel at depth 1.0 m with mean velocity 2.0 m/s. What is the Froude number and basic flow regime? Take g = 9.81 m/s².

A Fr = 0.319; subcritical B Fr = 0.639; subcritical C Fr = 1.278; supercritical D Fr = 2.000; supercritical

Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20

A rectangular channel carries water at depth 0.50 m with mean velocity 3.0 m/s. What is the Froude number and basic regime? Take g = 9.81 m/s².

A Fr = 0.677; subcritical B Fr = 1.000; critical C Fr = 1.355; supercritical D Fr = 2.709; supercritical

Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21

At a channel section the hydraulic depth is 1.20 m. What mean velocity corresponds to the critical condition Fr = 1? Take g = 9.81 m/s².

A 1.72 m/s B 2.43 m/s C 3.43 m/s D 4.91 m/s

Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22

A trapezoidal channel has bottom width 3 m, side slope 1 horizontal to 1 vertical, depth 2 m and mean velocity 2.5 m/s. What is its Froude number approximately? Take g = 9.81 m/s².

A 0.334 B 0.668 C 1.336 D 2.500

Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23

A rectangular channel 3.0 m wide carries water 0.80 m deep at a mean velocity of 1.5 m/s. What is the discharge?

A 1.20 m³/s B 2.40 m³/s C 3.60 m³/s D 4.50 m³/s

Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24

A rectangular channel 2.0 m wide carries a discharge of 5.0 m³/s at a depth of 1.0 m. What are the mean velocity and Froude number approximately? Take g = 9.81 m/s².

A V = 1.25 m/s and Fr = 0.399 B V = 2.50 m/s and Fr = 0.798 C V = 2.50 m/s and Fr = 1.596 D V = 5.00 m/s and Fr = 0.798

Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25

Consider the following statements about open-channel flow: I. Hydraulic radius is A/P, where P excludes the free surface. II. Hydraulic depth is A/T. III. Steady flow may still be non-uniform. IV. A prismatic channel does not necessarily carry uniform flow. Which option is correct?

A I and II only B I, II and III only C II, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

Answer Key || సమాధానాల పట్టిక

Related Quizzes || సంబంధిత క్విజ్‌లు

Civil HMWSSB, Unit 4 - Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Quiz

TGPSC HMWSSB Quiz

Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక

Related Quizzes సంబంధిత క్విజ్‌లు