Test 2 - Chain Surveying, Ranging and Offsets

Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1

A municipality must prepare a plan of a small, fairly level, open plot with few obstructions before constructing a valve chamber. Which choice is most suitable if only simple linear field measurements are required?

A Geodetic triangulation over a regional network is compulsory for every small plot. B Chain surveying is unsuitable because it cannot establish a triangular framework. C Use chain surveying with a well-conditioned triangle framework and offsets to the details. D Use only one unverified chain line and locate all features by visual estimation.

Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2

A chain-survey framework can be arranged as triangular plots. Which choice gives the BEST-conditioned triangle for reliable plotting when survey-line lengths can be selected freely?

A A triangle with angles 60°, 60° and 60°. B A triangle with angles 10°, 80° and 90°. C A triangle with angles 20°, 20° and 140°. D A triangle with angles 5°, 85° and 90°.

Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3

Before fixing main chain-survey stations for a proposed pumping-station compound, the surveyor walks over the site, notes obstructions and makes a rough sketch of candidate lines. What is the main purpose of this operation?

A To replace all subsequent chaining and offset measurements with approximate sketch lengths. B To determine final property title solely from visual inspection. C To complete the final plotted plan before any survey stations are marked. D To undertake reconnaissance and prepare an index or key sketch for selecting a workable survey framework.

Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4

Two subsidiary stations P and Q are selected on different main survey lines because a building corner lies too far from those main lines for convenient offsets. The surveyor measures PQ and takes short offsets from it to the building. How should PQ principally be classified?

A A base line that must be longer than every main survey line. B A tie line used to locate interior details. C A check line that cannot be used for locating details. D An extension of a main line between two main stations.

Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5

A chain-survey triangle has been plotted from its measured sides. A separately observed proof line between an apex and a marked point on the opposite side differs appreciably from the corresponding plotted length. What is the most appropriate conclusion?

A The difference proves that the plot is correct because proof lines must disagree. B The check measurement should be discarded because chain surveying uses only the three sides. C The discrepancy indicates a possible field or plotting error that should be investigated before accepting the framework. D The proof line should be reclassified as an oblique offset, making its disagreement irrelevant.

Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6

A surveyor must choose the principal base line for an irregular but accessible chain-survey area. Which proposed location is the most defensible?

A A long, clear and reasonably level main line forming a reliable basis for the triangle framework and accurately measured. B A short line through the most obstructed part of the site because errors then cancel automatically. C An arbitrary curved boundary that cannot be ranged into a straight line. D A line selected solely because its endpoints are inaccessible to field staff.

Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7

Main stations A and B are intervisible across an open field. The line exceeds one chain length and an intermediate point must be marked on the straight line AB. Which procedure is most appropriate?

A Reciprocal ranging is compulsory even though both terminal rods can be seen from one another. B Set the intermediate rod at any convenient location and correct only the final measured length. C Take an offset to the intermediate point without checking its alignment with AB. D Use direct ranging by sighting the end rods and directing an intermediate rod into alignment before chaining.

Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8

A low hill prevents mutual visibility between terminal stations A and B of a chain line, but two assistants at intermediate positions can see the appropriate neighbouring rods needed for iterative adjustment. Which method should be adopted?

A Direct ranging from A through B without any intermediate observations. B Indirect or reciprocal ranging, with the two intermediate rods successively brought into alignment. C A single perpendicular offset from A, without checking the direction to B. D Treat the crest of the hill as a new endpoint and omit the required continuation to B.

Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9

A chainman proposes placing temporary intermediate ranging rods on a curved path between two clearly visible main stations, arguing that total chain length can still be measured. What is the main technical defect?

A The path is acceptable because every measured chain segment is automatically a straight-line distance between the main stations. B The curved path changes only the field-book page layout, not the measured distance. C The chain would follow a broken or curved route instead of the required straight survey line, giving an incorrect main-line length and unreliable chainages. D Ranging rods can be used only when the stations are geodetic control points.

Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10

In a local horizontal coordinate system, chain line AB runs due EAST from A = (0, 0) m. A valve lies 12 m to the RIGHT of the surveyor walking from A towards B, at a perpendicular-offset chainage of 48 m. What are its coordinates (East, North)?

A (48, -12) m. B (48, 12) m. C (12, 48) m. D (-48, 12) m.

Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11

A crew wants to erect a perpendicular offset at point O on a chain line using only tape measurements. It marks A at 3 m along the chain line from O, then selects point P such that OP = 4 m and AP = 5 m. What angle does OP make with OA?

A 30°. B 45°. C 60°. D 90°.

Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12

A straight sloping survey segment has measured slope distance 50 m and a vertical rise of 30 m between its endpoints. Assuming correct slope and rise measurements, what HORIZONTAL distance should be used for the chain-survey plan?

A 30 m. B 40 m. C 50 m. D 80 m.

Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13

A standard metric chain is 20 m long and has 100 equal links. A chain-line measurement comprises 3 complete chain lengths plus 25 additional links, with the chain assumed correct. What length should be entered in the field book?

A 62.5 m. B 65.5 m. C 65.0 m. D 75.0 m.

Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14

While measuring a straight line with a correctly adjusted 20 m chain, the follower confirms 7 complete chain lengths and a final fractional length of 8.6 m. What total horizontal chainage is recorded if all measurements were made horizontally?

A 148.6 m. B 140.86 m. C 168.6 m. D 128.6 m.

Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15

From a point S at chainage 30 m on a straight eastward chain line, a feature P is located by an OBLIQUE line SP = 10 m making 30° counterclockwise from the forward eastward chain direction. Assuming a plane horizontal geometry, what are the chainage of P's perpendicular foot and its LEFT offset? Use cos 30° = 0.866 and sin 30° = 0.5.

A Chainage 35.00 m and left offset 8.66 m. B Chainage 38.66 m and right offset 5.00 m. C Chainage 40.00 m and left offset 10.00 m. D Chainage 38.66 m and left offset 5.00 m.

Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16

At the SAME chainage on a straight chain line, two boundary points are located by perpendicular offsets of 4 m LEFT and 6 m RIGHT. Both offsets are on the same straight normal through the chain point. What is the horizontal distance between the boundary points?

A 2 m. B 10 m. C 24 m. D 7.21 m.

Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17

A proposed chain-survey triangle has interior angles 20°, 20° and 140°. Why should it be rejected in favour of better-proportioned control geometry where practicable?

A The angles fail to total 180°, so the triangle is mathematically impossible. B A triangle with one obtuse angle cannot be surveyed using linear measurements. C It is ill-conditioned: its small intersection angles can magnify the positional effects of measurement and plotting errors. D The triangle cannot be used because chain surveying permits only right-angled triangles.

Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18

A long perpendicular offset of 30 m is set out with a direction error of 1° from the true normal to a straight chain line. Approximately how far ALONG the chain line will the marked point be displaced from its intended perpendicular foot? Use sin 1° ≈ 0.01745.

A 0.52 m. B 0.017 m. C 1.75 m. D 30.0 m.

Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19

A survey crew records a building corner at chainage 62.4 m, perpendicular offset 7.2 m RIGHT, while chaining from main station A towards B. Which entry best preserves enough information to locate the corner on the subsequent plan?

A Write only '7.2 m' without showing its chain line or side. B Write only 'building corner' in the field-book margin. C Record a 62.4 m oblique offset with no point of origin or direction. D Enter 62.4 m as the chainage on AB and show a 7.2 m perpendicular offset on the right, identified as the building corner.

Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20

A chain-survey triangle has fixed, independently established coordinates A = (0, 0) m, B = (80, 0) m and C = (40, 30) m. A check line is measured from C to midpoint M of AB, and its field length is 31.2 m. The permissible discrepancy for this particular check is 0.1 m. What is the appropriate assessment?

A The calculated check length is 40 m, so the field result is acceptable. B The calculated check length is 30 m; the 1.2 m discrepancy exceeds tolerance and requires investigation. C The calculated check length is 50 m, and field measurements must be discarded without inspection. D A check line cannot be measured from a triangle apex to a point on its opposite side.

Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21

A curved drain edge changes direction frequently near a proposed outfall. During chain surveying, how should the crew locate its shape without assuming the edge itself is a straight chain line?

A Measure one offset at the start and assume the whole drain edge is parallel to the chain line. B Use a single oblique offset with no chainage for the entire curve. C Record offsets at successive suitable chainages, using closer spacing where the edge changes direction rapidly. D Omit all details between main stations because triangles alone define natural boundaries.

Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22

A temporary main chain-survey station beside a pipeline corridor may be disturbed before the contractor returns for setting out. Which precaution best supports its future RELOCATION?

A Record witness or reference ties to stable, identifiable nearby objects and document the station in a reference sketch. B Record only the colour of the temporary peg. C Omit the station from the field book once its outgoing chain length is measured. D Assume the station can always be recreated solely from a single unreferenced offset.

Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23

Two main chain stations are intervisible across a canal, but the crew cannot lay a chain directly over the water. Which field approach is technically appropriate if only accessible ground distances can be measured?

A Classify the obstruction as one to ranging only, because the chain can still be laid along the water surface. B Replace the inaccessible horizontal distance with the visible water width estimated by eye. C Move the terminal stations arbitrarily without retaining the original alignment or control. D Treat it as an obstacle to chaining and use a measured geometric construction or accessible auxiliary triangles to derive the required distance.

Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24

A chain-survey line climbs a steep irregular slope. The crew must record the HORIZONTAL distance and has only a chain or tape, ranging rods and a plumb bob. Which procedure is appropriate?

A Measure the continuous ground-surface distance and enter it unchanged as the horizontal distance. B Use stepping: hold short tape lengths horizontal, transfer the endpoints vertically with a plumb bob, and sum the horizontal steps. C Omit the sloping part of the line because horizontal measurements are impossible on slopes. D Take one offset perpendicular to the slope and regard its length as the entire chain line.

Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25

A distant tree is observed from a known point S on chain line AB by an oblique distance SP, rather than a perpendicular offset. No direction or other measurement to P is recorded. What is needed to locate P uniquely in a horizontal plane without relying on a field sketch?

A Only the chain length AB, because any oblique distance fixes its direction automatically. B Only the diameter of the tree, because it resolves the angle of SP. C An additional independent geometric observation, such as the direction of SP relative to AB, or another suitable distance with ambiguity resolved. D A single note that the tree is outside the survey boundary, with no further measurement.

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