Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which statement correctly describes a bus topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• In a bus topology, all network nodes connect to a common main cable called the bus or backbone.
• Communication travels along this shared transmission path.
• Star topology instead uses a central device, while full mesh provides direct links between every pair of nodes.
• Communication travels along this shared transmission path.
• Star topology instead uses a central device, while full mesh provides direct links between every pair of nodes.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Which topology connects each end device through an individual link to a central hub or switch?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• In a star topology, individual nodes connect to a central networking device.
• Modern Ethernet star networks commonly use a switch as the central device.
• The central connection structure makes star networks relatively easy to manage and expand.
• Modern Ethernet star networks commonly use a switch as the central device.
• The central connection structure makes star networks relatively easy to manage and expand.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
In which basic network topology are nodes connected in a closed loop so that each node has two neighbouring nodes?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A ring topology connects nodes in a circular or closed-loop arrangement.
• In a simple ring, each node has exactly two neighbouring nodes.
• This structure differs from a star, where all nodes connect to one central device.
• In a simple ring, each node has exactly two neighbouring nodes.
• This structure differs from a star, where all nodes connect to one central device.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which topology is characterized by multiple direct interconnections between nodes and, in its full form, provides a direct link between every pair of nodes?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mesh topology uses multiple interconnections among network nodes.
• In a full mesh, every node has a direct connection to every other node.
• Partial mesh uses fewer direct connections while still providing more path redundancy than many simpler topologies.
• In a full mesh, every node has a direct connection to every other node.
• Partial mesh uses fewer direct connections while still providing more path redundancy than many simpler topologies.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Which is an important fault-isolation advantage of a star topology when the central device remains operational?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Each end device in a star topology has an individual connection to the central device.
• If one end device or its individual link fails, the other links can continue operating as long as the central device remains functional.
• This separation also makes individual connection faults comparatively easy to locate.
• If one end device or its individual link fails, the other links can continue operating as long as the central device remains functional.
• This separation also makes individual connection faults comparatively easy to locate.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which is a major disadvantage of a traditional bus topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Bus topology depends on a common backbone shared by connected nodes.
• A significant break or failure in that backbone can prevent normal communication across the bus network.
• The shared medium can also become less efficient as contention and traffic increase.
• A significant break or failure in that backbone can prevent normal communication across the bus network.
• The shared medium can also become less efficient as contention and traffic increase.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which characteristic is a major advantage of mesh topology for networks requiring high availability?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Mesh networks can provide multiple paths between network nodes.
• If one path fails, traffic may be able to use another available path, depending on the network design and protocols.
• This redundancy makes mesh topology attractive where reliability and fault tolerance are important.
• If one path fails, traffic may be able to use another available path, depending on the network design and protocols.
• This redundancy makes mesh topology attractive where reliability and fault tolerance are important.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which description best characterizes a tree topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Tree topology organizes network components hierarchically into levels and branches.
• It can be viewed as extending star-style groups through a larger branching structure and is often described as combining characteristics of star and bus arrangements.
• Its hierarchical nature makes it suitable for structured network expansion.
• It can be viewed as extending star-style groups through a larger branching structure and is often described as combining characteristics of star and bus arrangements.
• Its hierarchical nature makes it suitable for structured network expansion.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
A company uses star topology inside its offices but connects several critical network segments using mesh links as part of one overall network. What best describes the resulting topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A hybrid topology combines characteristics of two or more different topology types in one overall network design.
• Combining star-based office segments with mesh-based connections is therefore an example of a hybrid topology.
• Hybrid designs can be customized to balance requirements such as scalability, reliability and cost.
• Combining star-based office segments with mesh-based connections is therefore an example of a hybrid topology.
• Hybrid designs can be customized to balance requirements such as scalability, reliability and cost.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which is a significant disadvantage of star topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A star topology depends heavily on its central hub or switch.
• If that central device fails, devices connected through it may lose network communication with one another.
• This central dependency is different from failure of one peripheral link, which normally affects only that connected node.
• If that central device fails, devices connected through it may lose network communication with one another.
• This central dependency is different from failure of one peripheral link, which normally affects only that connected node.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which characteristic belongs specifically to a basic ring topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A basic ring forms a continuous closed loop of network nodes.
• Each node is directly connected to two neighbours in that loop.
• Depending on the ring technology, data-flow mechanisms can differ, but the defining physical arrangement remains the loop.
• Each node is directly connected to two neighbours in that loop.
• Depending on the ring technology, data-flow mechanisms can differ, but the defining physical arrangement remains the loop.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
A campus network has a central core device connected to several departmental switches, and each departmental switch connects to multiple computers in its department. The resulting arrangement is hierarchical and branching. Which topology best describes it?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The network contains several hierarchical levels: a higher-level core, departmental branches and end devices.
• Such branching organization is characteristic of tree topology.
• A pure star would emphasize one central device connected directly to all end nodes rather than multiple hierarchical branches.
• Such branching organization is characteristic of tree topology.
• A pure star would emphasize one central device connected directly to all end nodes rather than multiple hierarchical branches.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
In an undirected full-mesh network containing 6 nodes, how many separate point-to-point links are required?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• In an undirected full mesh, every distinct pair of nodes requires one link.
• The number of links is n(n−1)/2.
• For 6 nodes: 6×5/2 = 15 links.
• The number of links is n(n−1)/2.
• For 6 nodes: 6×5/2 = 15 links.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which comparison between star and bus topologies is correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Star topology connects individual nodes through separate links to a central hub or switch.
• Bus topology instead connects nodes to one shared main cable or backbone.
• Their physical structures and failure characteristics are therefore fundamentally different.
• Bus topology instead connects nodes to one shared main cable or backbone.
• Their physical structures and failure characteristics are therefore fundamentally different.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which disadvantage is particularly associated with the hierarchical dependency of a tree topology?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Tree topology has hierarchical dependencies between higher-level devices and lower-level branches.
• Failure of a critical upper-level component can therefore affect multiple downstream nodes or branches.
• Tree networks nevertheless provide useful scalability because additional branches can often be incorporated systematically.
• Failure of a critical upper-level component can therefore affect multiple downstream nodes or branches.
• Tree networks nevertheless provide useful scalability because additional branches can often be incorporated systematically.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
A full-mesh network has 5 nodes and uses one undirected point-to-point link for every distinct pair of nodes. How many links are required?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A full mesh requires one connection for every pair of nodes.
• Using n(n−1)/2 with n = 5 gives 5×4/2 = 10.
• Therefore 10 separate links are required.
• Using n(n−1)/2 with n = 5 gives 5×4/2 = 10.
• Therefore 10 separate links are required.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Consider the following statements about network topologies:
1. A bus topology uses a shared backbone.
2. A star topology depends on a central connecting device.
3. In a full mesh, every node is directly connected to every other node.
4. A hybrid topology must consist only of two identical topologies.
Which statements are correct?
1. A bus topology uses a shared backbone.
2. A star topology depends on a central connecting device.
3. In a full mesh, every node is directly connected to every other node.
4. A hybrid topology must consist only of two identical topologies.
Which statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statements 1, 2 and 3 correctly describe bus, star and full-mesh topologies.
• Statement 4 is false because a hybrid topology combines different topology types or characteristics rather than requiring identical topologies.
• Therefore only Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
• Statement 4 is false because a hybrid topology combines different topology types or characteristics rather than requiring identical topologies.
• Therefore only Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Assertion (A): A full-mesh topology can provide greater fault tolerance than a simple bus topology.
Reason (R): A full mesh provides multiple possible links and paths among nodes, whereas a bus relies on a shared backbone whose failure can disrupt the network.
Choose the correct answer.
Reason (R): A full mesh provides multiple possible links and paths among nodes, whereas a bus relies on a shared backbone whose failure can disrupt the network.
Choose the correct answer.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Full mesh provides extensive link redundancy because every pair of nodes has a direct connection.
• A traditional bus has a shared backbone that represents an important common failure point.
• Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason correctly explains the greater fault tolerance of full mesh.
• A traditional bus has a shared backbone that represents an important common failure point.
• Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason correctly explains the greater fault tolerance of full mesh.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Match List I with List II:
List I
(a) Bus
(b) Star
(c) Ring
(d) Hybrid
List II
1. Nodes connect through a central device
2. Combines characteristics of different topology types
3. Nodes share a common backbone
4. Nodes form a closed loop
Choose the correct matching code.
List I
(a) Bus
(b) Star
(c) Ring
(d) Hybrid
List II
1. Nodes connect through a central device
2. Combines characteristics of different topology types
3. Nodes share a common backbone
4. Nodes form a closed loop
Choose the correct matching code.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Bus corresponds to a common backbone, giving (a)-3.
• Star corresponds to a central connecting device, giving (b)-1, while Ring corresponds to a closed loop, giving (c)-4.
• Hybrid combines characteristics of different topology types, giving (d)-2.
• Star corresponds to a central connecting device, giving (b)-1, while Ring corresponds to a closed loop, giving (c)-4.
• Hybrid combines characteristics of different topology types, giving (d)-2.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Four critical routers must be interconnected so that every router has its own direct link to each of the other three routers, maximizing path redundancy. Which topology exactly satisfies this requirement?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• In a full mesh, every node is directly connected to every other node.
• With four routers, each router therefore has direct links to the other three routers.
• This provides substantially more path redundancy than a bus, simple ring or ordinary star arrangement.
• With four routers, each router therefore has direct links to the other three routers.
• This provides substantially more path redundancy than a bus, simple ring or ordinary star arrangement.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: C. All nodes share a common main cable or backbone. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: A. Star topology సమాధానం: A.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: D. Ring topology సమాధానం: D.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: B. Mesh topology సమాధానం: B.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. Failure of one end device or its individual link normally does not disconnect the other end devices. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: D. Failure of the main backbone cable can disrupt communication across the network. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. Multiple paths can provide redundancy if a node or link fails. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: C. Devices are arranged in a hierarchical structure with branches extending from higher-level nodes. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: A. Hybrid topology సమాధానం: A.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: D. Failure of the central hub or switch can disrupt communication for the connected network. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: C. Nodes form a closed loop, with each node directly connected to two neighbouring nodes. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: B. Tree topology సమాధానం: B.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: D. 15 సమాధానం: D.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. Star uses individual links to a central device, whereas bus uses a shared backbone. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. Failure of an important higher-level or root device can affect multiple dependent branches. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: C. 10 సమాధానం: C.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. 1, 2 and 3 only సమాధానం: B.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: C. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: D. (a)-3, (b)-1, (c)-4, (d)-2 సమాధానం: D.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: A. Full mesh topology సమాధానం: A.