Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which statement best describes an operating system?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• An operating system is system software that manages hardware and software resources.
• It provides services required by application programs and acts as an interface between software/users and computer hardware.
• Windows and similar operating systems perform these coordinating and resource-management functions.
• It provides services required by application programs and acts as an interface between software/users and computer hardware.
• Windows and similar operating systems perform these coordinating and resource-management functions.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Which of the following is NOT a normal objective of an operating system?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Operating systems aim to make computer systems convenient, efficient and usable by applications and users.
• They allocate and coordinate resources such as CPU time, memory, storage and devices.
• Software cannot physically change the processor's manufactured hardware capability merely by performing normal OS resource management.
• They allocate and coordinate resources such as CPU time, memory, storage and devices.
• Software cannot physically change the processor's manufactured hardware capability merely by performing normal OS resource management.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Several applications are running at the same time and all require processor time, memory and access to devices. Which role of the operating system is most directly involved?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The operating system acts as a resource manager for CPU time, memory, devices and storage.
• When multiple applications require resources, the OS coordinates their allocation and use.
• This prevents applications from independently controlling hardware without system coordination.
• When multiple applications require resources, the OS coordinates their allocation and use.
• This prevents applications from independently controlling hardware without system coordination.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which operating-system function is primarily responsible for creating, scheduling, coordinating and terminating running programs?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A program in execution is treated as a process by the operating system.
• Process management includes creation, execution coordination, CPU scheduling and termination of processes.
• It is one of the major resource-management responsibilities of an operating system.
• Process management includes creation, execution coordination, CPU scheduling and termination of processes.
• It is one of the major resource-management responsibilities of an operating system.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Which of the following is primarily a memory-management responsibility of an operating system?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The operating system keeps track of which portions of memory are being used and by which programs.
• It allocates and releases memory as processes start, execute and terminate.
• Memory management coordinates existing hardware memory; it does not manufacture additional RAM.
• It allocates and releases memory as processes start, execute and terminate.
• Memory management coordinates existing hardware memory; it does not manufacture additional RAM.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which operating-system function is responsible for organizing data into files and directories and controlling operations such as creating, deleting, renaming and locating them?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• File management provides the logical organization of stored data into files and directories or folders.
• The OS supplies operations for creating, deleting, opening, closing, renaming and locating files.
• It also coordinates access to the underlying storage devices through the file system.
• The OS supplies operations for creating, deleting, opening, closing, renaming and locating files.
• It also coordinates access to the underlying storage devices through the file system.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
When an application needs to print a document, the operating system communicates with the printer through appropriate system software. Which OS responsibility does this illustrate most directly?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Device management coordinates access to hardware peripherals such as printers, keyboards and storage devices.
• The operating system commonly uses device drivers to communicate with specific hardware.
• Applications therefore do not normally need to control each hardware device directly at the lowest level.
• The operating system commonly uses device drivers to communicate with specific hardware.
• Applications therefore do not normally need to control each hardware device directly at the lowest level.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which description most accurately identifies a Graphical User Interface (GUI)?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A GUI presents graphical objects such as windows, icons, menus, buttons and pointers.
• Users can interact with these objects using devices such as a mouse, touchpad or touchscreen.
• Modern desktop operating systems commonly provide graphical user interfaces.
• Users can interact with these objects using devices such as a mouse, touchpad or touchscreen.
• Modern desktop operating systems commonly provide graphical user interfaces.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which statement best describes a Command-Line Interface (CLI)?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A command-line interface allows users to type commands using a defined command syntax.
• Commands are interpreted by a command interpreter or shell.
• CLI operation differs from a GUI, which emphasizes graphical objects and pointing actions.
• Commands are interpreted by a command interpreter or shell.
• CLI operation differs from a GUI, which emphasizes graphical objects and pointing actions.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
A user types a command at a prompt, and system software interprets the command and requests the required operating-system service. Which component or concept is being used?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• A command interpreter or shell accepts textual commands entered by the user.
• It interprets the command and invokes the appropriate operating-system functionality.
• Command shells are a fundamental part of command-line user interaction.
• It interprets the command and invokes the appropriate operating-system functionality.
• Command shells are a fundamental part of command-line user interaction.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which operating-system responsibility is most directly involved when a user must supply a valid username and password before gaining access to the computer?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Authentication verifies the identity of a user before access is granted.
• Operating systems can maintain user accounts, passwords and permissions to control resource access.
• These functions contribute to system security and protection.
• Operating systems can maintain user accounts, passwords and permissions to control resource access.
• These functions contribute to system security and protection.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
A user is editing a document, playing audio and downloading a file at the same time. Which operating-system capability is most directly demonstrated?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Multitasking allows multiple programs or tasks to make progress during the same period of system operation.
• The OS coordinates CPU time and other resources among the active processes.
• This gives users the practical ability to work with several applications concurrently.
• The OS coordinates CPU time and other resources among the active processes.
• This gives users the practical ability to work with several applications concurrently.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Which statement most accurately describes the kernel of an operating system?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The kernel forms the core of an operating system.
• It performs fundamental functions involving processes, memory, devices and other system resources.
• User applications normally obtain hardware-related services through controlled operating-system mechanisms rather than directly replacing the kernel.
• It performs fundamental functions involving processes, memory, devices and other system resources.
• User applications normally obtain hardware-related services through controlled operating-system mechanisms rather than directly replacing the kernel.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
A printer can process only one print stream at a time, while several applications submit print jobs. Which operating-system mechanism commonly allows those jobs to wait in an orderly queue?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Spooling allows jobs for a comparatively slow shared device such as a printer to be queued temporarily.
• The operating system can store pending print jobs and send them to the printer in sequence.
• This permits applications to continue instead of waiting for the complete physical printing operation.
• The operating system can store pending print jobs and send them to the printer in sequence.
• This permits applications to continue instead of waiting for the complete physical printing operation.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
What is the main purpose of CPU scheduling by an operating system?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Multiple processes may be ready to execute while competing for processor time.
• CPU scheduling is the OS activity that selects which ready process should run according to the scheduling policy.
• Scheduling manages existing processor resources; it does not create additional physical CPU cores.
• CPU scheduling is the OS activity that selects which ready process should run according to the scheduling policy.
• Scheduling manages existing processor resources; it does not create additional physical CPU cores.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
Which of the following best illustrates the operating system acting as an intermediary between application software and hardware?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Application programs commonly request services from the operating system for operations such as file access and device communication.
• The OS coordinates those requests with the file system, drivers and hardware.
• This intermediary role separates application logic from low-level hardware-control details.
• The OS coordinates those requests with the file system, drivers and hardware.
• This intermediary role separates application logic from low-level hardware-control details.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Which statement about resource allocation by an operating system is correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Resources in a computer are finite and may be requested by several programs simultaneously.
• The OS coordinates their allocation to promote efficient and controlled operation.
• Processor time, memory, storage access and peripheral devices are all examples of managed resources.
• The OS coordinates their allocation to promote efficient and controlled operation.
• Processor time, memory, storage access and peripheral devices are all examples of managed resources.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Assertion (A): An operating system improves the usability of computer hardware for application programmers and users.
Reason (R): It provides controlled services and interfaces that hide many low-level hardware details.
Choose the correct answer.
Reason (R): It provides controlled services and interfaces that hide many low-level hardware details.
Choose the correct answer.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Users and applications generally do not need to manipulate hardware directly for every operation.
• The operating system provides abstractions, interfaces and services for functions such as files, devices and processes.
• Therefore both statements are true and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
• The operating system provides abstractions, interfaces and services for functions such as files, devices and processes.
• Therefore both statements are true and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Match List I with List II:
List I
(a) Process management
(b) Memory management
(c) File management
(d) Device management
List II
1. Organizing files and directories
2. Allocating main memory to programs
3. Coordinating running programs and CPU use
4. Controlling access to peripherals through appropriate system mechanisms
Choose the correct matching code.
List I
(a) Process management
(b) Memory management
(c) File management
(d) Device management
List II
1. Organizing files and directories
2. Allocating main memory to programs
3. Coordinating running programs and CPU use
4. Controlling access to peripherals through appropriate system mechanisms
Choose the correct matching code.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Process management coordinates executing programs and CPU use, giving (a)-3.
• Memory management allocates main memory, while file management organizes files and directories, giving (b)-2 and (c)-1.
• Device management coordinates access to peripherals, giving (d)-4.
• Memory management allocates main memory, while file management organizes files and directories, giving (b)-2 and (c)-1.
• Device management coordinates access to peripherals, giving (d)-4.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Consider the following statements about operating systems:
1. They manage hardware resources.
2. They provide services for application programs.
3. They can provide user interfaces such as GUI or CLI.
4. They coordinate processes, memory, files and devices.
Which statements are correct?
1. They manage hardware resources.
2. They provide services for application programs.
3. They can provide user interfaces such as GUI or CLI.
4. They coordinate processes, memory, files and devices.
Which statements are correct?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Resource management is a central operating-system responsibility.
• Operating systems also provide application services and mechanisms for user interaction.
• Process, memory, file and device management are major OS functions, so all four statements are correct.
• Operating systems also provide application services and mechanisms for user interaction.
• Process, memory, file and device management are major OS functions, so all four statements are correct.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. It is system software that manages computer resources and provides an interface between users/applications and hardware. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: D. To physically increase the processor's manufactured clock speed సమాధానం: D.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. Resource management సమాధానం: A.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: C. Process management సమాధానం: C.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: C. Keeping track of memory usage and allocating memory to programs when required సమాధానం: C.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: B. File management సమాధానం: B.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. Device management సమాధానం: A.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. An interface that allows interaction through graphical elements such as windows, icons, menus and pointers సమాధానం: D.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: A. The user enters textual commands at a command prompt or shell. సమాధానం: A.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: C. Command interpreter or shell సమాధానం: C.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: D. User authentication and access control సమాధానం: D.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: B. Multitasking సమాధానం: B.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: C. It is the central part of the operating system that manages fundamental system resources and hardware interactions. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. Spooling సమాధానం: A.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. To decide which ready process should receive processor time సమాధానం: B.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. A word processor requests the operating system to save data to a storage device rather than controlling the storage hardware directly. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: D. The operating system allocates resources such as CPU time, memory and devices among competing programs according to system requirements. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: C. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. సమాధానం: C.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: A. (a)-3, (b)-2, (c)-1, (d)-4 సమాధానం: A.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: B. 1, 2, 3 and 4 సమాధానం: B.