Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which Victorian prose writer is most closely associated with Past and Present and the critique of the mechanical spirit of industrial society?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Thomas Carlyle wrote Past and Present, published in 1843.
• The work contrasts the moral coherence of a medieval monastery with the disorder of industrial England.
• Carlyle criticizes materialism, laissez-faire individualism and mechanical conceptions of society.
• Newman, Arnold and Mill also wrote major Victorian prose, but not Past and Present.
• The work contrasts the moral coherence of a medieval monastery with the disorder of industrial England.
• Carlyle criticizes materialism, laissez-faire individualism and mechanical conceptions of society.
• Newman, Arnold and Mill also wrote major Victorian prose, but not Past and Present.
వివరణ:
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
In which work did Carlyle prominently formulate the Condition of England question?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Carlyle prominently formulated the Condition of England question in Chartism, published in 1839.
• The phrase refers to the social crisis created by industrialization, poverty and class division.
• The issue became central to Victorian social criticism.
• Carlyle continued related arguments in Past and Present.
• The phrase refers to the social crisis created by industrialization, poverty and class division.
• The issue became central to Victorian social criticism.
• Carlyle continued related arguments in Past and Present.
వివరణ:
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
Which historical figure provides the principal medieval example in Carlyle's Past and Present?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Abbot Samson of Bury St Edmunds is the central medieval figure in Past and Present.
• Carlyle draws on Jocelin of Brakelond's chronicle to portray Samson as an energetic and responsible leader.
• The medieval example is used to criticize the lack of moral leadership in industrial England.
• Becket, Wycliffe and Cranmer are not the organizing figures of the work.
• Carlyle draws on Jocelin of Brakelond's chronicle to portray Samson as an energetic and responsible leader.
• The medieval example is used to criticize the lack of moral leadership in industrial England.
• Becket, Wycliffe and Cranmer are not the organizing figures of the work.
వివరణ:
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which description best characterizes Carlyle's prose style?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Carlyle's prose is often prophetic, urgent, exclamatory and highly rhythmic.
• He uses apostrophe, repetition, coinages, biblical cadences and dramatic contrasts.
• The style reinforces his role as a moral critic of modern society.
• It differs sharply from scientific neutrality, legal documentation and light comedy.
• He uses apostrophe, repetition, coinages, biblical cadences and dramatic contrasts.
• The style reinforces his role as a moral critic of modern society.
• It differs sharply from scientific neutrality, legal documentation and light comedy.
వివరణ:
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Consider the following statements about Carlyle.
Statement I: He criticized a society governed only by cash relations and mechanical efficiency.
Statement II: He believed that social order could be restored solely through unrestricted economic competition.
Statement I: He criticized a society governed only by cash relations and mechanical efficiency.
Statement II: He believed that social order could be restored solely through unrestricted economic competition.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement I is correct because Carlyle attacked the reduction of human relations to money, contract and mechanical utility.
• Statement II is incorrect because he strongly distrusted laissez-faire individualism and unregulated competition.
• Carlyle called for duty, work, moral authority and responsible leadership.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
• Statement II is incorrect because he strongly distrusted laissez-faire individualism and unregulated competition.
• Carlyle called for duty, work, moral authority and responsible leadership.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
వివరణ:
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
John Ruskin's Unto This Last first appeared as a series of essays in which periodical?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Unto This Last first appeared in The Cornhill Magazine in 1860.
• The essays provoked controversy because Ruskin challenged accepted principles of political economy.
• They were later collected in book form.
• The other journals were influential Victorian periodicals but were not the original venue.
• The essays provoked controversy because Ruskin challenged accepted principles of political economy.
• They were later collected in book form.
• The other journals were influential Victorian periodicals but were not the original venue.
వివరణ:
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
What is the central argument of Ruskin's Unto This Last?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Ruskin argues that economics cannot be separated from morality, justice and human welfare.
• He rejects definitions of wealth that ignore the quality of life produced by economic activity.
• Labour, exchange and social responsibility must be evaluated ethically.
• He therefore opposes the idea that competition or accumulation alone measures national success.
• He rejects definitions of wealth that ignore the quality of life produced by economic activity.
• Labour, exchange and social responsibility must be evaluated ethically.
• He therefore opposes the idea that competition or accumulation alone measures national success.
వివరణ:
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which essay is the first of the four essays collected in Unto This Last?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Roots of Honour is the first essay in Unto This Last.
• It questions the assumption that relations between employers and workers are governed only by self-interest.
• Ruskin emphasizes loyalty, justice and reciprocal responsibility.
• The other three titles belong to later essays in the same work.
• It questions the assumption that relations between employers and workers are governed only by self-interest.
• Ruskin emphasizes loyalty, justice and reciprocal responsibility.
• The other three titles belong to later essays in the same work.
వివరణ:
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Consider the following statements about Unto This Last.
1. It criticizes the separation of economics from ethics.
2. It treats human beings as motivated only by monetary gain.
3. It redefines wealth in relation to life and well-being.
4. It questions purely competitive models of social organization.
1. It criticizes the separation of economics from ethics.
2. It treats human beings as motivated only by monetary gain.
3. It redefines wealth in relation to life and well-being.
4. It questions purely competitive models of social organization.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct because Ruskin insists that economic relations are moral relations.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because he rejects the reduction of human motivation to monetary self-interest.
• Statement 3 is correct because genuine wealth must sustain and enrich life.
• Statement 4 is correct because Ruskin challenges competition when it destroys justice and human fellowship.
• Therefore, statements 1, 3 and 4 only are correct.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because he rejects the reduction of human motivation to monetary self-interest.
• Statement 3 is correct because genuine wealth must sustain and enrich life.
• Statement 4 is correct because Ruskin challenges competition when it destroys justice and human fellowship.
• Therefore, statements 1, 3 and 4 only are correct.
వివరణ:
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Assertion: Ruskin rejects the idea that the wealth of a nation can be measured only by accumulated possessions.
Reason: He believes that wealth is meaningful only when it contributes to the health, capacities and dignity of human life.
Reason: He believes that wealth is meaningful only when it contributes to the health, capacities and dignity of human life.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Assertion is correct because Ruskin opposes purely quantitative definitions of national wealth.
• The Reason is correct because he measures wealth by its power to sustain and improve human life.
• His social criticism joins economic analysis with moral responsibility.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
• The Reason is correct because he measures wealth by its power to sustain and improve human life.
• His social criticism joins economic analysis with moral responsibility.
• Therefore, the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
వివరణ:
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Who wrote Culture and Anarchy?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Matthew Arnold wrote Culture and Anarchy.
• The work appeared in book form in 1869 after earlier periodical publication.
• Arnold examines culture, class, religion, freedom and the authority of the state.
• Carlyle, Ruskin and Newman address related Victorian debates through different works.
• The work appeared in book form in 1869 after earlier periodical publication.
• Arnold examines culture, class, religion, freedom and the authority of the state.
• Carlyle, Ruskin and Newman address related Victorian debates through different works.
వివరణ:
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
In Culture and Anarchy, culture is most closely associated with which pursuit?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Arnold defines culture as a pursuit of human perfection through knowledge and reflection.
• It seeks acquaintance with the best that has been thought and said.
• Culture should develop all sides of human nature rather than merely economic or sectarian interests.
• It is therefore critical of narrow class privilege and unreflective individualism.
• It seeks acquaintance with the best that has been thought and said.
• Culture should develop all sides of human nature rather than merely economic or sectarian interests.
• It is therefore critical of narrow class privilege and unreflective individualism.
వివరణ:
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
What does Arnold's phrase sweetness and light chiefly signify?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Sweetness and light represent beauty and intelligence working together.
• The phrase summarizes Arnold's ideal of harmonious cultivation.
• Culture should refine both aesthetic sensibility and rational understanding.
• It is not a formula for wealth, power or undisciplined pleasure.
• The phrase summarizes Arnold's ideal of harmonious cultivation.
• Culture should refine both aesthetic sensibility and rational understanding.
• It is not a formula for wealth, power or undisciplined pleasure.
వివరణ:
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
In Arnold's social classification, which group is called the Philistines?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Arnold calls the middle class the Philistines.
• He associates them with energy and moral seriousness but also with narrowness and materialism.
• The aristocracy are called Barbarians, while the working class are called the Populace.
• These labels are satirical instruments in his analysis of Victorian society.
• He associates them with energy and moral seriousness but also with narrowness and materialism.
• The aristocracy are called Barbarians, while the working class are called the Populace.
• These labels are satirical instruments in his analysis of Victorian society.
వివరణ:
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which pairing correctly represents Arnold's distinction between Hellenism and Hebraism?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Arnold associates Hellenism with intelligence, spontaneity of consciousness and seeing things as they are.
• He associates Hebraism with strictness of conscience, moral conduct and obedience.
• He argues that both tendencies are necessary but often become unbalanced.
• The distinction is cultural and ethical rather than simply chronological.
• He associates Hebraism with strictness of conscience, moral conduct and obedience.
• He argues that both tendencies are necessary but often become unbalanced.
• The distinction is cultural and ethical rather than simply chronological.
వివరణ:
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
Consider the following statements about Culture and Anarchy.
Statement I: Arnold criticizes excessive individualism when it becomes freedom to do as one likes.
Statement II: Arnold believes culture should remain the private possession of a small social class.
Statement I: Arnold criticizes excessive individualism when it becomes freedom to do as one likes.
Statement II: Arnold believes culture should remain the private possession of a small social class.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Statement I is correct because Arnold criticizes unregulated individualism and the worship of personal liberty without social purpose.
• Statement II is incorrect because he describes culture as seeking to make reason and the best knowledge prevail throughout society.
• Although his language can appear elitist, his stated goal is the diffusion of intellectual and moral improvement.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
• Statement II is incorrect because he describes culture as seeking to make reason and the best knowledge prevail throughout society.
• Although his language can appear elitist, his stated goal is the diffusion of intellectual and moral improvement.
• Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
వివరణ:
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Who wrote The Idea of a University?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Cardinal John Henry Newman wrote The Idea of a University.
• The work grew from discourses on university education delivered in connection with the Catholic University of Ireland.
• Newman defends liberal education and the cultivation of the intellect.
• The other writers contributed to different areas of Victorian social and intellectual prose.
• The work grew from discourses on university education delivered in connection with the Catholic University of Ireland.
• Newman defends liberal education and the cultivation of the intellect.
• The other writers contributed to different areas of Victorian social and intellectual prose.
వివరణ:
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
According to Newman, liberal knowledge is valuable primarily because it does what?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Newman argues that liberal knowledge has intrinsic value because it enlarges and disciplines the mind.
• Education should develop judgement, proportion, clarity and intellectual freedom.
• Professional usefulness may follow, but it is not the sole justification of a university.
• Liberal education does not eliminate moral judgement.
• Education should develop judgement, proportion, clarity and intellectual freedom.
• Professional usefulness may follow, but it is not the sole justification of a university.
• Liberal education does not eliminate moral judgement.
వివరణ:
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which statement best reflects Newman's distinction between a university and a research institution?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Newman defines the university primarily as a place for teaching universal knowledge.
• He distinguishes the communication and cultivation of knowledge from its advancement through research.
• This distinction does not mean that research is worthless or that teaching and research can never coexist.
• His emphasis falls on intellectual formation through a broad educational community.
• He distinguishes the communication and cultivation of knowledge from its advancement through research.
• This distinction does not mean that research is worthless or that teaching and research can never coexist.
• His emphasis falls on intellectual formation through a broad educational community.
వివరణ:
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Why does Newman argue that theology belongs within a university curriculum?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Newman argues that a university claims to teach universal knowledge.
• If knowledge of God is a genuine field of knowledge, excluding theology makes the intellectual system incomplete.
• He does not propose eliminating secular disciplines.
• His argument concerns the unity and comprehensiveness of knowledge rather than universal clerical training.
• If knowledge of God is a genuine field of knowledge, excluding theology makes the intellectual system incomplete.
• He does not propose eliminating secular disciplines.
• His argument concerns the unity and comprehensiveness of knowledge rather than universal clerical training.
వివరణ:
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
Match List I with List II.
List I
1. Thomas Carlyle
2. John Ruskin
3. Matthew Arnold
4. Cardinal Newman
List II
a. Culture and Anarchy
b. The Idea of a University
c. Past and Present
d. Unto This Last
List I
1. Thomas Carlyle
2. John Ruskin
3. Matthew Arnold
4. Cardinal Newman
List II
a. Culture and Anarchy
b. The Idea of a University
c. Past and Present
d. Unto This Last
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Thomas Carlyle is matched with Past and Present.
• John Ruskin is matched with Unto This Last.
• Matthew Arnold is matched with Culture and Anarchy.
• Cardinal Newman is matched with The Idea of a University.
• Therefore, the correct code is 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b.
• John Ruskin is matched with Unto This Last.
• Matthew Arnold is matched with Culture and Anarchy.
• Cardinal Newman is matched with The Idea of a University.
• Therefore, the correct code is 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b.
వివరణ:
Question 22
ప్రశ్న 22
Arrange the following works in chronological order of first publication or delivery.
1. Chartism
2. Past and Present
3. The discourses later collected in The Idea of a University
4. Unto This Last
1. Chartism
2. Past and Present
3. The discourses later collected in The Idea of a University
4. Unto This Last
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Chartism was published in 1839.
• Past and Present appeared in 1843.
• Newman's university discourses were delivered and published in the early 1850s, chiefly in 1852.
• Unto This Last first appeared in 1860.
• Therefore, the correct sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4.
• Past and Present appeared in 1843.
• Newman's university discourses were delivered and published in the early 1850s, chiefly in 1852.
• Unto This Last first appeared in 1860.
• Therefore, the correct sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4.
వివరణ:
Question 23
ప్రశ్న 23
Which comparative statement is most accurate?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Carlyle responds to industrial disorder by demanding duty, work and morally responsible leadership.
• Ruskin challenges political economy by placing justice and life above accumulation.
• Arnold presents culture as a means of intellectual and social perfection.
• Newman defends liberal education and the unity of knowledge.
• The comparison accurately identifies their distinct but related responses to Victorian modernity.
• Ruskin challenges political economy by placing justice and life above accumulation.
• Arnold presents culture as a means of intellectual and social perfection.
• Newman defends liberal education and the unity of knowledge.
• The comparison accurately identifies their distinct but related responses to Victorian modernity.
వివరణ:
Question 24
ప్రశ్న 24
A university proposes to eliminate literature, philosophy and history because they do not produce immediate vocational returns. Which writer's argument most directly challenges this policy?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Newman directly argues that knowledge may be valuable as an end in itself.
• Liberal education cultivates judgement, breadth, intellectual discipline and the capacity to relate different fields.
• A purely vocational standard would therefore misunderstand the university's educational purpose.
• The other ideas may contribute indirectly but do not address the policy as directly.
• Liberal education cultivates judgement, breadth, intellectual discipline and the capacity to relate different fields.
• A purely vocational standard would therefore misunderstand the university's educational purpose.
• The other ideas may contribute indirectly but do not address the policy as directly.
వివరణ:
Question 25
ప్రశ్న 25
Consider the following propositions about Victorian intellectual prose.
1. Carlyle criticizes the moral emptiness of mechanical industrialism.
2. Ruskin separates economics completely from ethics.
3. Arnold treats culture as a force against social narrowness and anarchy.
4. Newman defends broad intellectual formation against purely utilitarian education.
1. Carlyle criticizes the moral emptiness of mechanical industrialism.
2. Ruskin separates economics completely from ethics.
3. Arnold treats culture as a force against social narrowness and anarchy.
4. Newman defends broad intellectual formation against purely utilitarian education.
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Proposition 1 is correct because Carlyle attacks mechanical, materialist and cash-centred social relations.
• Proposition 2 is incorrect because Ruskin insists that economics must remain accountable to ethics and human welfare.
• Proposition 3 is correct because Arnold presents culture as an answer to class narrowness and social disorder.
• Proposition 4 is correct because Newman resists reducing education to immediate utility.
• Therefore, propositions 1, 3 and 4 only are correct.
• Proposition 2 is incorrect because Ruskin insists that economics must remain accountable to ethics and human welfare.
• Proposition 3 is correct because Arnold presents culture as an answer to class narrowness and social disorder.
• Proposition 4 is correct because Newman resists reducing education to immediate utility.
• Therefore, propositions 1, 3 and 4 only are correct.
వివరణ:
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: A. Thomas Carlyle సమాధానం: A.
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: B. Chartism సమాధానం: B.
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: C. Abbot Samson సమాధానం: C.
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: D. Prophetic, exclamatory and rhythmically charged rhetoric సమాధానం: D.
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect సమాధానం: C.
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: A. The Cornhill Magazine సమాధానం: A.
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: D. Political economy must be judged by its effects on human well-being and justice. సమాధానం: D.
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. The Roots of Honour సమాధానం: D.
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: C. 1, 3 and 4 only సమాధానం: C.
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion సమాధానం: A.
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: B. Matthew Arnold సమాధానం: B.
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: C. The study of perfection through knowledge of the best that has been thought and said సమాధానం: C.
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: A. Beauty joined with intelligence సమాధానం: A.
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: D. The middle class సమాధానం: D.
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. Hellenism emphasizes seeing things as they are, while Hebraism emphasizes conduct and obedience. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect సమాధానం: C.
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: A. Cardinal John Henry Newman సమాధానం: A.
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: D. Cultivates the intellect as an end in itself సమాధానం: D.
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: B. The primary office of a university is the teaching of universal knowledge, while discovery may be pursued in other institutions. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: B. Because theology is part of the complete circle of knowledge and cannot be excluded without distorting the whole సమాధానం: B.
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Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: D. 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b సమాధానం: D.
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Question 22 ప్రశ్న 22Answer: A. 1, 2, 3, 4 సమాధానం: A.
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Question 23 ప్రశ్న 23Answer: B. Carlyle calls for moral leadership, Ruskin moralizes economics, Arnold promotes culture and Newman defends liberal education. సమాధానం: B.
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Question 24 ప్రశ్న 24Answer: A. Newman's defence of liberal knowledge as intellectual cultivation సమాధానం: A.
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Question 25 ప్రశ్న 25Answer: C. 1, 3 and 4 only సమాధానం: C.