అంతర్జాతీయ సంఘటనలు మరియు సంబంధాలు - టెస్ట్ 88 - ఎర్ర సముద్రం, పర్షియన్ గల్ఫ్ మరియు వ్యూహాత్మక సముద్ర సన్నని మార్గాలు
Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
In international maritime strategy, what is a maritime chokepoint?
International maritime strategyలో maritime chokepoint అంటే ఏమిటి?
Explanation:
• Maritime chokepoints are narrow passages located along major shipping routes.
• Large volumes of energy or commercial traffic may be concentrated through them.
• Disruption can increase voyage time, freight and insurance costs and, in some cases, affect commodity prices.
• Large volumes of energy or commercial traffic may be concentrated through them.
• Disruption can increase voyage time, freight and insurance costs and, in some cases, affect commodity prices.
వివరణ:
• Maritime chokepoints major shipping routesలో ఉండే narrow passages.
• పెద్ద మొత్తంలో energy లేదా commercial traffic వాటి ద్వారా concentrate కావచ్చు.
• Disruption వల్ల voyage time, freight మరియు insurance costs పెరగడంతో పాటు కొన్ని సందర్భాల్లో commodity pricesపై కూడా ప్రభావం పడవచ్చు.
• పెద్ద మొత్తంలో energy లేదా commercial traffic వాటి ద్వారా concentrate కావచ్చు.
• Disruption వల్ల voyage time, freight మరియు insurance costs పెరగడంతో పాటు కొన్ని సందర్భాల్లో commodity pricesపై కూడా ప్రభావం పడవచ్చు.
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Which statement correctly describes the geographical location of the Strait of Hormuz?
Strait of Hormuz geographical locationను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• The Strait of Hormuz lies between Iran to the north and Oman to the south.
• It provides the principal maritime outlet from the Persian Gulf toward the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea.
• Its location makes it exceptionally important to Gulf energy exports and international shipping.
• It provides the principal maritime outlet from the Persian Gulf toward the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea.
• Its location makes it exceptionally important to Gulf energy exports and international shipping.
వివరణ:
• Strait of Hormuz northలో Iran మరియు southలో Oman మధ్య ఉంటుంది.
• Persian Gulf నుంచి Gulf of Oman మరియు Arabian Sea వైపు principal maritime outletను అందిస్తుంది.
• ఈ location వల్ల Gulf energy exports మరియు international shippingకు ఇది అత్యంత ముఖ్యమైన మార్గం.
• Persian Gulf నుంచి Gulf of Oman మరియు Arabian Sea వైపు principal maritime outletను అందిస్తుంది.
• ఈ location వల్ల Gulf energy exports మరియు international shippingకు ఇది అత్యంత ముఖ్యమైన మార్గం.
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration's March 2026 assessment, approximately how much oil transited the Strait of Hormuz during the first half of 2025?
U.S. Energy Information Administration March 2026 assessment ప్రకారం 2025 first halfలో Strait of Hormuz ద్వారా approximately ఎంత oil transit అయింది?
Explanation:
• EIA estimated average Hormuz oil flows at about 20.9 million barrels per day in the first half of 2025.
• This was equivalent to roughly one-quarter of global maritime traded oil and around one-fifth of global petroleum-liquids consumption.
• These are dated estimates and should not be treated as fixed quantities for every year.
• This was equivalent to roughly one-quarter of global maritime traded oil and around one-fifth of global petroleum-liquids consumption.
• These are dated estimates and should not be treated as fixed quantities for every year.
వివరణ:
• EIA 2025 first halfలో Hormuz oil flowsను రోజుకు సుమారు 20.9 million barrelsగా estimate చేసింది.
• ఇది global maritime traded oilలో roughly one-quarter మరియు global petroleum-liquids consumptionలో సుమారు one-fifthకు equivalent.
• ఇవి dated estimates; ప్రతి yearకు fixed quantitiesగా చూడకూడదు.
• ఇది global maritime traded oilలో roughly one-quarter మరియు global petroleum-liquids consumptionలో సుమారు one-fifthకు equivalent.
• ఇవి dated estimates; ప్రతి yearకు fixed quantitiesగా చూడకూడదు.
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which statement best describes the availability of oil-export alternatives if shipping through the Strait of Hormuz is disrupted?
Strait of Hormuz ద్వారా shipping disrupt అయితే oil-export alternativesను అత్యంత సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• Saudi Arabia's East-West pipeline and the UAE's Abu Dhabi pipeline provide important bypass capacity.
• EIA estimated their combined available bypass capacity at about 4.7 million barrels per day in its March 2026 assessment.
• That is substantially below normal Hormuz transit volumes, so these routes do not constitute a complete substitute.
• EIA estimated their combined available bypass capacity at about 4.7 million barrels per day in its March 2026 assessment.
• That is substantially below normal Hormuz transit volumes, so these routes do not constitute a complete substitute.
వివరణ:
• Saudi Arabia East-West pipeline మరియు UAE Abu Dhabi pipeline important bypass capacityను provide చేస్తాయి.
• EIA March 2026 assessmentలో combined available bypass capacityను రోజుకు సుమారు 4.7 million barrelsగా estimate చేసింది.
• ఇది normal Hormuz transit volumesకన్నా చాలా తక్కువ కాబట్టి complete substitute కాదు.
• EIA March 2026 assessmentలో combined available bypass capacityను రోజుకు సుమారు 4.7 million barrelsగా estimate చేసింది.
• ఇది normal Hormuz transit volumesకన్నా చాలా తక్కువ కాబట్టి complete substitute కాదు.
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
Which statement most accurately reflects the legal position of straits used for international navigation under UNCLOS?
UNCLOS కింద straits used for international navigation legal positionను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా ప్రతిబింబించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• UNCLOS Article 34 expressly preserves the legal status of waters and the sovereignty or jurisdiction of States bordering international straits.
• At the same time, qualifying straits are subject to the transit-passage regime.
• Article 44 provides that bordering States shall not hamper transit passage and that there shall be no suspension of such passage.
• At the same time, qualifying straits are subject to the transit-passage regime.
• Article 44 provides that bordering States shall not hamper transit passage and that there shall be no suspension of such passage.
వివరణ:
• UNCLOS Article 34 international straits waters legal status మరియు bordering States sovereignty లేదా jurisdictionను preserve చేస్తుంది.
• అదే సమయంలో qualifying straits transit-passage regimeకు subject అవుతాయి.
• Article 44 ప్రకారం bordering States transit passageను hamper చేయకూడదు మరియు దాన్ని suspend చేయకూడదు.
• అదే సమయంలో qualifying straits transit-passage regimeకు subject అవుతాయి.
• Article 44 ప్రకారం bordering States transit passageను hamper చేయకూడదు మరియు దాన్ని suspend చేయకూడదు.
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
According to the International Maritime Organization's statement of 16 September 2026, what had it verified in and around the Strait of Hormuz since the regional conflict escalated on 28 February 2026?
16 సెప్టెంబర్ 2026 International Maritime Organization statement ప్రకారం 28 ఫిబ్రవరి 2026 regional conflict escalation తరువాత Strait of Hormuz పరిసరాల్లో ఏమి verify చేసింది?
Explanation:
• On 16 September 2026, IMO stated that it had verified 80 attacks on international shipping in and around the Strait of Hormuz since 28 February.
• IMO reported at least 22 seafarer deaths.
• The figures are explicitly date-specific and illustrate the continuing maritime-security risk rather than assigning responsibility for every individual incident.
• IMO reported at least 22 seafarer deaths.
• The figures are explicitly date-specific and illustrate the continuing maritime-security risk rather than assigning responsibility for every individual incident.
వివరణ:
• 16 సెప్టెంబర్ 2026న IMO, 28 February నుంచి Strait of Hormuz మరియు surrounding areaలో international shippingపై 80 attacks verify చేసినట్లు తెలిపింది.
• కనీసం 22 seafarer deathsను report చేసింది.
• ఈ figures date-specific; ప్రతి individual incidentకు responsibility assign చేయకుండా continuing maritime-security riskను చూపిస్తాయి.
• కనీసం 22 seafarer deathsను report చేసింది.
• ఈ figures date-specific; ప్రతి individual incidentకు responsibility assign చేయకుండా continuing maritime-security riskను చూపిస్తాయి.
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which statement correctly describes the Bab el-Mandeb Strait?
Bab el-Mandeb Straitను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• Bab el-Mandeb forms the southern maritime gateway to the Red Sea.
• It connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and onward to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
• Yemen lies on its Arabian side, while Djibouti and Eritrea lie on the African side of the broader passage.
• It connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and onward to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
• Yemen lies on its Arabian side, while Djibouti and Eritrea lie on the African side of the broader passage.
వివరణ:
• Bab el-Mandeb Red Seaకు southern maritime gateway.
• ఇది Red Seaను Gulf of Adenతో, అక్కడి నుంచి Arabian Sea మరియు Indian Oceanతో connect చేస్తుంది.
• Arabian sideలో Yemen ఉండగా broader passage African sideలో Djibouti మరియు Eritrea ఉన్నాయి.
• ఇది Red Seaను Gulf of Adenతో, అక్కడి నుంచి Arabian Sea మరియు Indian Oceanతో connect చేస్తుంది.
• Arabian sideలో Yemen ఉండగా broader passage African sideలో Djibouti మరియు Eritrea ఉన్నాయి.
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Why are the Bab el-Mandeb Strait and the Suez Canal often considered part of the same strategic maritime route?
Bab el-Mandeb Strait మరియు Suez Canalను ఎందుకు తరచుగా ఒకే strategic maritime routeలో భాగాలుగా పరిగణిస్తారు?
Explanation:
• Ships travelling between the Indian Ocean region and the Mediterranean through the Red Sea normally pass Bab el-Mandeb and the Suez Canal.
• Disruption at either location can therefore affect the broader Asia-Europe maritime route.
• This is why Red Sea security has consequences well beyond the immediate coastal States.
• Disruption at either location can therefore affect the broader Asia-Europe maritime route.
• This is why Red Sea security has consequences well beyond the immediate coastal States.
వివరణ:
• Indian Ocean region నుంచి Red Sea ద్వారా Mediterraneanకు వెళ్లే ships సాధారణంగా Bab el-Mandeb మరియు Suez Canal రెండింటినీ transit చేస్తాయి.
• ఏ locationలో disruption వచ్చినా broader Asia-Europe maritime routeపై ప్రభావం పడవచ్చు.
• అందువల్ల Red Sea security immediate coastal Statesకే పరిమితం కాదు.
• ఏ locationలో disruption వచ్చినా broader Asia-Europe maritime routeపై ప్రభావం పడవచ్చు.
• అందువల్ల Red Sea security immediate coastal Statesకే పరిమితం కాదు.
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
According to the EIA's March 2026 chokepoint assessment, what happened to oil flows through Bab el-Mandeb between 2023 and the first half of 2025?
EIA March 2026 chokepoint assessment ప్రకారం 2023 నుంచి 2025 first half వరకు Bab el-Mandeb oil flowsలో ఏమి జరిగింది?
Explanation:
• EIA data show Bab el-Mandeb oil transit declining from around 9.3 million barrels per day in 2023 to around 4.2 million barrels per day in 1H25.
• The reduction coincided with major Red Sea security disruptions and widespread rerouting of vessels.
• The route nevertheless remained in use and should not be described as completely closed.
• The reduction coincided with major Red Sea security disruptions and widespread rerouting of vessels.
• The route nevertheless remained in use and should not be described as completely closed.
వివరణ:
• EIA data ప్రకారం Bab el-Mandeb oil transit 2023లో రోజుకు సుమారు 9.3 million barrels నుంచి 1H25లో సుమారు 4.2 million barrelsకు తగ్గింది.
• Major Red Sea security disruptions మరియు widespread vessel rerouting సమయంలో ఈ reduction జరిగింది.
• అయినప్పటికీ route useలోనే ఉంది; completely closedగా చెప్పడం సరైంది కాదు.
• Major Red Sea security disruptions మరియు widespread vessel rerouting సమయంలో ఈ reduction జరిగింది.
• అయినప్పటికీ route useలోనే ఉంది; completely closedగా చెప్పడం సరైంది కాదు.
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which alternative route is commonly used by ships seeking to avoid the Bab el-Mandeb–Red Sea–Suez route?
Bab el-Mandeb–Red Sea–Suez routeను avoid చేయాలనుకునే ships సాధారణంగా ఏ alternative routeను ఉపయోగిస్తాయి?
Explanation:
• Rerouting around the Cape of Good Hope allows vessels to bypass Bab el-Mandeb and the Suez Canal.
• The route is substantially longer and normally increases voyage time, fuel consumption and operating costs.
• Such diversions can also affect freight rates, insurance and delivery schedules.
• The route is substantially longer and normally increases voyage time, fuel consumption and operating costs.
• Such diversions can also affect freight rates, insurance and delivery schedules.
వివరణ:
• Cape of Good Hope చుట్టూ rerouting చేయడం ద్వారా vessels Bab el-Mandeb మరియు Suez Canalను bypass చేయగలవు.
• ఈ route considerably longer కావడంతో voyage time, fuel consumption మరియు operating costs సాధారణంగా పెరుగుతాయి.
• Diversions freight rates, insurance మరియు delivery schedulesపై కూడా ప్రభావం చూపగలవు.
• ఈ route considerably longer కావడంతో voyage time, fuel consumption మరియు operating costs సాధారణంగా పెరుగుతాయి.
• Diversions freight rates, insurance మరియు delivery schedulesపై కూడా ప్రభావం చూపగలవు.
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which statement correctly describes the Suez Canal?
Suez Canalను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• The Suez Canal lies entirely within Egypt.
• It connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea and greatly shortens voyages between Europe and Asia compared with sailing around Africa.
• Its strategic importance is closely linked to Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb security.
• It connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea and greatly shortens voyages between Europe and Asia compared with sailing around Africa.
• Its strategic importance is closely linked to Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb security.
వివరణ:
• Suez Canal పూర్తిగా Egyptలో ఉంటుంది.
• Mediterranean Sea మరియు Red Seaను connect చేసి Europe-Asia voyagesను Africa చుట్టూ sailingతో పోలిస్తే considerably shorten చేస్తుంది.
• దీని strategic importance Red Sea మరియు Bab el-Mandeb securityతో closely linked.
• Mediterranean Sea మరియు Red Seaను connect చేసి Europe-Asia voyagesను Africa చుట్టూ sailingతో పోలిస్తే considerably shorten చేస్తుంది.
• దీని strategic importance Red Sea మరియు Bab el-Mandeb securityతో closely linked.
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Which statement most accurately describes Suez Canal navigation during the regional security crisis?
Regional security crisis సమయంలో Suez Canal navigationను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• Red Sea security disruptions should not be confused with formal closure of the Suez Canal.
• On 3 March 2026, the Suez Canal Authority reported normal two-way canal operations while acknowledging that some major shipping lines had temporarily suspended transit because of regional security developments.
• Commercial-routing decisions can therefore reduce canal traffic even when the canal remains physically operational.
• On 3 March 2026, the Suez Canal Authority reported normal two-way canal operations while acknowledging that some major shipping lines had temporarily suspended transit because of regional security developments.
• Commercial-routing decisions can therefore reduce canal traffic even when the canal remains physically operational.
వివరణ:
• Red Sea security disruptionsను formal Suez Canal closureతో confuse చేయకూడదు.
• 3 మార్చి 2026న Suez Canal Authority canal normal two-way operations కొనసాగుతున్నాయని తెలిపినా regional security developments వల్ల కొన్ని major shipping lines temporarily transit suspend చేశాయని acknowledge చేసింది.
• Canal physically operationalగా ఉన్నప్పటికీ commercial-routing decisions trafficను తగ్గించవచ్చు.
• 3 మార్చి 2026న Suez Canal Authority canal normal two-way operations కొనసాగుతున్నాయని తెలిపినా regional security developments వల్ల కొన్ని major shipping lines temporarily transit suspend చేశాయని acknowledge చేసింది.
• Canal physically operationalగా ఉన్నప్పటికీ commercial-routing decisions trafficను తగ్గించవచ్చు.
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
What did UN Security Council Resolution 2826 (2026), adopted on 14 July 2026, principally do regarding Red Sea maritime security?
14 జూలై 2026న adopted అయిన UN Security Council Resolution 2826 (2026) Red Sea maritime security విషయంలో ప్రధానంగా ఏమి చేసింది?
Explanation:
• Security Council Resolution 2826 was adopted on 14 July 2026 by 13 votes in favour, none against and two abstentions.
• It extended until 15 January 2027 the monthly reporting requirement originally established through paragraph 10 of Resolution 2722 (2024).
• The reporting mechanism concerns Houthi attacks on merchant and commercial vessels in the Red Sea.
• It extended until 15 January 2027 the monthly reporting requirement originally established through paragraph 10 of Resolution 2722 (2024).
• The reporting mechanism concerns Houthi attacks on merchant and commercial vessels in the Red Sea.
వివరణ:
• Security Council Resolution 2826 14 జూలై 2026న 13 votes in favour, none against, two abstentionsతో adopted అయింది.
• Resolution 2722 (2024) paragraph 10 ద్వారా originally established monthly reporting requirementను 15 జనవరి 2027 వరకు extend చేసింది.
• Reporting mechanism Red Seaలో merchant మరియు commercial vesselsపై Houthi attacksకు సంబంధించినది.
• Resolution 2722 (2024) paragraph 10 ద్వారా originally established monthly reporting requirementను 15 జనవరి 2027 వరకు extend చేసింది.
• Reporting mechanism Red Seaలో merchant మరియు commercial vesselsపై Houthi attacksకు సంబంధించినది.
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which statement correctly describes EUNAVFOR ASPIDES as of September 2026?
సెప్టెంబర్ 2026 నాటికి EUNAVFOR ASPIDESను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• The EU established and launched EUNAVFOR ASPIDES in February 2024 in response to threats to commercial navigation linked to the Red Sea crisis.
• Its mandate is defensive and includes maritime situational awareness, accompanying ships and protecting vessels against attacks at sea.
• In February 2026, the Council of the EU extended the operation through 28 February 2027.
• Its mandate is defensive and includes maritime situational awareness, accompanying ships and protecting vessels against attacks at sea.
• In February 2026, the Council of the EU extended the operation through 28 February 2027.
వివరణ:
• Red Sea crisisతో linked commercial-navigation threatsకు responseగా EU February 2024లో EUNAVFOR ASPIDESను establish చేసి launch చేసింది.
• దీని mandate defensive; maritime situational awareness, shipsను accompany చేయడం మరియు sea attacks నుంచి vesselsను protect చేయడం ఇందులో ఉన్నాయి.
• February 2026లో Council of the EU operationను 28 February 2027 వరకు extend చేసింది.
• దీని mandate defensive; maritime situational awareness, shipsను accompany చేయడం మరియు sea attacks నుంచి vesselsను protect చేయడం ఇందులో ఉన్నాయి.
• February 2026లో Council of the EU operationను 28 February 2027 వరకు extend చేసింది.
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which statement correctly distinguishes EUNAVFOR ASPIDES from offensive strikes conducted by other actors in the wider Red Sea conflict?
Wider Red Sea conflictలో ఇతర actors చేసిన offensive strikes నుంచి EUNAVFOR ASPIDESను సరైన విధంగా distinguish చేసే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• The EU describes ASPIDES as a defensive maritime-security operation.
• It may accompany and protect vessels against attacks at sea in accordance with its mandate and international law.
• Its mandate is distinct from offensive land-strike campaigns conducted by other actors in the wider regional conflict.
• It may accompany and protect vessels against attacks at sea in accordance with its mandate and international law.
• Its mandate is distinct from offensive land-strike campaigns conducted by other actors in the wider regional conflict.
వివరణ:
• EU ASPIDESను defensive maritime-security operationగా describe చేస్తుంది.
• Mandate మరియు international lawకు అనుగుణంగా vesselsను accompany చేసి sea attacks నుంచి protect చేయగలదు.
• Wider regional conflictలో ఇతర actors conduct చేసే offensive land-strike campaigns నుంచి దీని mandate distinct.
• Mandate మరియు international lawకు అనుగుణంగా vesselsను accompany చేసి sea attacks నుంచి protect చేయగలదు.
• Wider regional conflictలో ఇతర actors conduct చేసే offensive land-strike campaigns నుంచి దీని mandate distinct.
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
What is Operation Prosperity Guardian?
Operation Prosperity Guardian ఏమిటి?
Explanation:
• Operation Prosperity Guardian was announced on 18 December 2023.
• It operates under the umbrella of the Combined Maritime Forces and the leadership of Combined Task Force 153.
• Its stated purpose is maritime security, reassurance of commercial shipping and support for freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
• It operates under the umbrella of the Combined Maritime Forces and the leadership of Combined Task Force 153.
• Its stated purpose is maritime security, reassurance of commercial shipping and support for freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
వివరణ:
• Operation Prosperity Guardian 18 డిసెంబర్ 2023న announced అయింది.
• ఇది Combined Maritime Forces umbrella మరియు Combined Task Force 153 leadership కింద operate చేస్తుంది.
• Red Sea మరియు Gulf of Adenలో maritime security, commercial shipping reassurance మరియు freedom of navigationకు support దీని stated purpose.
• ఇది Combined Maritime Forces umbrella మరియు Combined Task Force 153 leadership కింద operate చేస్తుంది.
• Red Sea మరియు Gulf of Adenలో maritime security, commercial shipping reassurance మరియు freedom of navigationకు support దీని stated purpose.
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
What is the principal geographic focus of Combined Task Force 153 (CTF 153)?
Combined Task Force 153 (CTF 153) యొక్క principal geographic focus ఏది?
Explanation:
• CTF 153 was established in April 2022 under the Combined Maritime Forces.
• Its mission focuses on maritime security in the Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb and Gulf of Aden.
• Operation Prosperity Guardian was organized under the CTF 153 framework.
• Its mission focuses on maritime security in the Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb and Gulf of Aden.
• Operation Prosperity Guardian was organized under the CTF 153 framework.
వివరణ:
• CTF 153 Combined Maritime Forces కింద April 2022లో establish అయింది.
• Maritime security కోసం Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb మరియు Gulf of Adenపై focus చేస్తుంది.
• Operation Prosperity Guardian CTF 153 framework కింద organized అయింది.
• Maritime security కోసం Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb మరియు Gulf of Adenపై focus చేస్తుంది.
• Operation Prosperity Guardian CTF 153 framework కింద organized అయింది.
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which statement most accurately reflects the Red Sea maritime-security situation as of September 2026?
సెప్టెంబర్ 2026 నాటికి Red Sea maritime-security situationను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా ప్రతిబింబించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Explanation:
• IMO condemned renewed attacks on international shipping in the Red Sea in July 2026 and another deadly ship attack in August.
• The organization continued to warn of threats to seafarers, international shipping and global supply chains.
• The situation therefore should not be described either as fully normalized or as a complete closure of the route.
• The organization continued to warn of threats to seafarers, international shipping and global supply chains.
• The situation therefore should not be described either as fully normalized or as a complete closure of the route.
వివరణ:
• July 2026లో Red Sea international shippingపై renewed attacksను IMO condemn చేసింది; Augustలో మరో deadly ship attackను కూడా address చేసింది.
• Seafarers, international shipping మరియు global supply chainsకు threats కొనసాగుతున్నాయని organization warned చేసింది.
• కాబట్టి situationను fully normalizedగా లేదా route complete closureగా రెండింటిలో ఏదీ describe చేయకూడదు.
• Seafarers, international shipping మరియు global supply chainsకు threats కొనసాగుతున్నాయని organization warned చేసింది.
• కాబట్టి situationను fully normalizedగా లేదా route complete closureగా రెండింటిలో ఏదీ describe చేయకూడదు.
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which measure was part of India's 'Seafarer-First' maritime-safety framework during the 2026 Gulf security crisis?
2026 Gulf security crisis సమయంలో India's 'Seafarer-First' maritime-safety frameworkలో ఏ measure భాగంగా ఉంది?
Explanation:
• India's Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways instituted a graded 'Seafarer-First' framework amid heightened 2026 Gulf security risks.
• Measures included round-the-clock monitoring, reporting systems, crisis-management mechanisms and safety advisories.
• DGS Circular No. 36 of 2026, dated 15 July, advised ship owners, managers and RPSL companies to avoid deploying Indian seafarers on vessels undertaking voyages involving passage through the Strait of Hormuz until further orders.
• Measures included round-the-clock monitoring, reporting systems, crisis-management mechanisms and safety advisories.
• DGS Circular No. 36 of 2026, dated 15 July, advised ship owners, managers and RPSL companies to avoid deploying Indian seafarers on vessels undertaking voyages involving passage through the Strait of Hormuz until further orders.
వివరణ:
• Heightened 2026 Gulf security risks నేపథ్యంలో India's Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways graded 'Seafarer-First' frameworkను institute చేసింది.
• Round-the-clock monitoring, reporting systems, crisis-management mechanisms మరియు safety advisories measuresలో ఉన్నాయి.
• 15 July నాటి DGS Circular No. 36 of 2026లో further orders వరకు Strait of Hormuz passage ఉన్న voyages చేపట్టే vesselsపై Indian seafarersను deploy చేయకుండా ఉండాలని ship owners, managers మరియు RPSL companiesకు advise చేశారు.
• Round-the-clock monitoring, reporting systems, crisis-management mechanisms మరియు safety advisories measuresలో ఉన్నాయి.
• 15 July నాటి DGS Circular No. 36 of 2026లో further orders వరకు Strait of Hormuz passage ఉన్న voyages చేపట్టే vesselsపై Indian seafarersను deploy చేయకుండా ఉండాలని ship owners, managers మరియు RPSL companiesకు advise చేశారు.
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
What is the Information Fusion Centre–Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) primarily intended to support?
Information Fusion Centre–Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) ప్రధానంగా ఏదిని support చేయడానికి ఉద్దేశించబడింది?
Explanation:
• India established IFC-IOR at Gurugram in December 2018 to enhance collaborative maritime safety and security in the Indian Ocean Region.
• Its work includes maritime-domain awareness, information sharing and cooperation with partner countries and organizations.
• International Liaison Officers and information-exchange arrangements help improve correlation, shorten information cycles and provide timely maritime-security inputs.
• Its work includes maritime-domain awareness, information sharing and cooperation with partner countries and organizations.
• International Liaison Officers and information-exchange arrangements help improve correlation, shorten information cycles and provide timely maritime-security inputs.
వివరణ:
• Indian Ocean Regionలో collaborative maritime safety మరియు securityను enhance చేయడానికి India December 2018లో Gurugramలో IFC-IORను establish చేసింది.
• Maritime-domain awareness, information sharing మరియు partner countries/organizationsతో cooperation దీని workలో ఉన్నాయి.
• International Liaison Officers మరియు information-exchange arrangements better correlation, shorter information cycles మరియు timely maritime-security inputsకు support చేస్తాయి.
• Maritime-domain awareness, information sharing మరియు partner countries/organizationsతో cooperation దీని workలో ఉన్నాయి.
• International Liaison Officers మరియు information-exchange arrangements better correlation, shorter information cycles మరియు timely maritime-security inputsకు support చేస్తాయి.
Question 21
ప్రశ్న 21
Why do disruptions in the Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb and Strait of Hormuz have particular strategic relevance for India?
Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb మరియు Strait of Hormuz disruptions Indiaకు ఎందుకు particular strategic relevance కలిగి ఉన్నాయి?
Explanation:
• Gulf sea lanes are important for India's hydrocarbon supplies and commercial links with West Asia.
• Bab el-Mandeb, the Red Sea and Suez form an important route for India-Europe maritime trade.
• Disruptions can therefore affect energy availability, freight rates, insurance premiums, delivery times and export competitiveness without implying that India controls or owns these waterways.
• Bab el-Mandeb, the Red Sea and Suez form an important route for India-Europe maritime trade.
• Disruptions can therefore affect energy availability, freight rates, insurance premiums, delivery times and export competitiveness without implying that India controls or owns these waterways.
వివరణ:
• Gulf sea lanes India hydrocarbon supplies మరియు West Asiaతో commercial linksకు important.
• Bab el-Mandeb, Red Sea మరియు Suez India-Europe maritime tradeకు important routeను form చేస్తాయి.
• Disruptions energy availability, freight rates, insurance premiums, delivery times మరియు export competitivenessను ప్రభావితం చేయవచ్చు; దీనివల్ల India ఈ waterwaysను control లేదా own చేస్తుందని అర్థం కాదు.
• Bab el-Mandeb, Red Sea మరియు Suez India-Europe maritime tradeకు important routeను form చేస్తాయి.
• Disruptions energy availability, freight rates, insurance premiums, delivery times మరియు export competitivenessను ప్రభావితం చేయవచ్చు; దీనివల్ల India ఈ waterwaysను control లేదా own చేస్తుందని అర్థం కాదు.
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: A. A narrow and heavily used maritime passage whose disruption can significantly affect shipping, trade or energy flows సమాధానం: A. Shipping, trade లేదా energy flowsను గణనీయంగా ప్రభావితం చేయగల disruptionకు sensitiveగా ఉండే narrow మరియు heavily used maritime passage
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: B. It lies between Iran and Oman and connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea సమాధానం: B. ఇది Iran మరియు Oman మధ్య ఉండి Persian Gulfను Gulf of Oman మరియు Arabian Seaతో connect చేస్తుంది
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: C. About 20.9 million barrels per day సమాధానం: C. రోజుకు సుమారు 20.9 million barrels
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: B. Saudi Arabia and the UAE have pipeline capacity that can bypass Hormuz, but available bypass capacity can move only part of the normal volumes transiting the Strait సమాధానం: B. Saudi Arabia మరియు UAE వద్ద Hormuzను bypass చేసే pipeline capacity ఉంది; అయితే normal Strait volumesలో కొంత భాగాన్ని మాత్రమే bypass routes ద్వారా move చేయగలరు
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: C. Transit-passage rights coexist with the sovereignty or jurisdiction of bordering States, which is exercised subject to UNCLOS and other applicable international law సమాధానం: C. Transit-passage rights bordering States sovereignty లేదా jurisdictionతో coexist అవుతాయి; ఆ authority UNCLOS మరియు applicable international lawకు subjectగా exercise చేయాలి
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: C. 80 attacks on international shipping and at least 22 seafarer deaths సమాధానం: C. International shippingపై 80 attacks మరియు కనీసం 22 seafarer deaths
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. It connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and lies between the Arabian Peninsula and the Horn of Africa సమాధానం: A. ఇది Red Seaను Gulf of Adenతో connect చేసి Arabian Peninsula మరియు Horn of Africa మధ్య ఉంటుంది
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: A. Together they form important links between the Indian Ocean-Arabian Sea system, the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea సమాధానం: A. ఇవి కలిపి Indian Ocean-Arabian Sea system, Red Sea మరియు Mediterranean Sea మధ్య important linksగా పనిచేస్తాయి
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: C. They fell from about 9.3 million barrels per day in 2023 to about 4.2 million barrels per day in the first half of 2025 సమాధానం: C. 2023లో రోజుకు సుమారు 9.3 million barrels నుంచి 2025 first halfలో సుమారు 4.2 million barrelsకు తగ్గాయి
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: A. Around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern end of Africa సమాధానం: A. Africa southern endలోని Cape of Good Hope చుట్టూ
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: A. It is an artificial waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea సమాధానం: A. ఇది Egyptలోని artificial waterway; Mediterranean Sea మరియు Red Seaను connect చేస్తుంది
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: B. The Canal itself continued operating, but some shipping companies temporarily diverted or suspended transits because of security risks in the wider Red Sea region సమాధానం: B. Canal itself operate అవుతూనే ఉంది; అయితే wider Red Sea security risks కారణంగా కొన్ని shipping companies transitsను temporarily divert లేదా suspend చేశాయి
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: B. It extended until 15 January 2027 the Secretary-General's monthly reporting requirement concerning Houthi attacks on merchant and commercial vessels in the Red Sea సమాధానం: B. Red Seaలో merchant మరియు commercial vesselsపై Houthi attacksకు సంబంధించిన Secretary-General monthly reporting requirementను 15 జనవరి 2027 వరకు extend చేసింది
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. It is an EU defensive maritime-security operation whose mandate has been extended to 28 February 2027 to safeguard freedom of navigation and protect merchant shipping సమాధానం: A. Freedom of navigationను safeguard చేసి merchant shippingను protect చేయడానికి పనిచేసే EU defensive maritime-security operation; mandate 28 ఫిబ్రవరి 2027 వరకు extend అయింది
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: A. ASPIDES has a defensive maritime mandate and does not conduct strikes on land under its mandate సమాధానం: A. ASPIDESకు defensive maritime mandate ఉంది మరియు తన mandate కింద landపై strikes conduct చేయదు
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: A. A multinational maritime-security initiative announced in December 2023 under the Combined Maritime Forces and the leadership of Task Force 153 to support freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden సమాధానం: A. Red Sea మరియు Gulf of Adenలో freedom of navigationకు support చేయడానికి Combined Maritime Forces మరియు Task Force 153 leadership కింద December 2023లో announced అయిన multinational maritime-security initiative
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb and Gulf of Aden సమాధానం: B. Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb మరియు Gulf of Aden
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. International shipping risks remained significant, with IMO reporting renewed attacks in July and a deadly incident in August 2026 and continuing to urge de-escalation and protection of seafarers సమాధానం: B. International shipping risks significantగానే ఉండి Julyలో renewed attacks మరియు August 2026లో deadly incidentను IMO report చేసి de-escalation మరియు seafarer protectionను continueగా urge చేసింది
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: B. Real-time vessel and seafarer monitoring, 24-hour reporting and crisis-support mechanisms, together with security advisories for high-risk voyages సమాధానం: B. Real-time vessel మరియు seafarer monitoring, 24-hour reporting/crisis-support mechanismsతో పాటు high-risk voyagesకు security advisories
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: A. Collaborative maritime-domain awareness, information sharing and timely exchange of maritime-security inputs with partner countries and organizations సమాధానం: A. Partner countries మరియు organizationsతో collaborative maritime-domain awareness, information sharing మరియు maritime-security inputs timely exchange
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Question 21 ప్రశ్న 21Answer: A. Because India's external trade and energy supplies use Indian Ocean-West Asian sea routes, while Red Sea-Suez routes also connect Indian commerce with European markets సమాధానం: A. India external trade మరియు energy supplies Indian Ocean-West Asian sea routesను use చేస్తాయి; Red Sea-Suez routes Indian commerceను European marketsతో కూడా connect చేస్తాయి కాబట్టి
