అంతర్జాతీయ సంఘటనలు మరియు సంబంధాలు - టెస్ట్ 78 - సముద్ర భద్రత, సముద్ర దోపిడీ మరియు సముద్ర రవాణా మార్గాలు
Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which statement most accurately reflects the definition of piracy in Article 101 of UNCLOS?
UNCLOS Article 101లో piracy definitionను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా ప్రతిబింబించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Article 101 defines piracy principally by the nature, private purpose, actors and location of the act.
• Its core provision covers illegal violence, detention or depredation committed for private ends on the high seas against another ship or aircraft, or against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside any State's jurisdiction.
• Voluntary participation in operating a pirate vessel and inciting or intentionally facilitating piracy are also included.
• Through UNCLOS Article 58(2), the high-seas piracy provisions also apply in the exclusive economic zone insofar as they are compatible with the EEZ regime.
• Its core provision covers illegal violence, detention or depredation committed for private ends on the high seas against another ship or aircraft, or against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside any State's jurisdiction.
• Voluntary participation in operating a pirate vessel and inciting or intentionally facilitating piracy are also included.
• Through UNCLOS Article 58(2), the high-seas piracy provisions also apply in the exclusive economic zone insofar as they are compatible with the EEZ regime.
వివరణ:
• Article 101 piracyను act nature, private purpose, actors మరియు location ఆధారంగా define చేస్తుంది.
• Core provision private ends కోసం high seasలో another ship/aircraftపై లేదా ఏ State jurisdiction బయట ఉన్న placeలో ship, aircraft, persons లేదా propertyపై జరిగే violence, detention లేదా depredation illegal actsను cover చేస్తుంది.
• Pirate vessel operationలో knowing voluntary participation మరియు piracyని incite లేదా intentionally facilitate చేయడం కూడా ఇందులో ఉన్నాయి.
• UNCLOS Article 58(2) ద్వారా high-seas piracy provisions EEZ regimeకు compatible అయిన మేరకు exclusive economic zoneలో కూడా apply అవుతాయి.
• Core provision private ends కోసం high seasలో another ship/aircraftపై లేదా ఏ State jurisdiction బయట ఉన్న placeలో ship, aircraft, persons లేదా propertyపై జరిగే violence, detention లేదా depredation illegal actsను cover చేస్తుంది.
• Pirate vessel operationలో knowing voluntary participation మరియు piracyని incite లేదా intentionally facilitate చేయడం కూడా ఇందులో ఉన్నాయి.
• UNCLOS Article 58(2) ద్వారా high-seas piracy provisions EEZ regimeకు compatible అయిన మేరకు exclusive economic zoneలో కూడా apply అవుతాయి.
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
An illegal private-end attack against a merchant ship occurring within a coastal State's territorial sea is normally classified by IMO as what?
Coastal State territorial seaలో merchant shipపై జరిగే illegal private-end attackను IMO సాధారణంగా ఏ విధంగా classify చేస్తుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• IMO distinguishes piracy from armed robbery against ships principally by location.
• Comparable private-end violence, detention, depredation or threats within internal waters, archipelagic waters or the territorial sea are treated as armed robbery against ships rather than UNCLOS piracy.
• Coastal-State jurisdiction is therefore especially important for incidents inside territorial waters.
• Comparable private-end violence, detention, depredation or threats within internal waters, archipelagic waters or the territorial sea are treated as armed robbery against ships rather than UNCLOS piracy.
• Coastal-State jurisdiction is therefore especially important for incidents inside territorial waters.
వివరణ:
• IMO piracy మరియు armed robbery against shipsను ప్రధానంగా location ఆధారంగా వేరు చేస్తుంది.
• Internal waters, archipelagic waters లేదా territorial seaలో private ends కోసం జరిగే comparable violence, detention, depredation లేదా threatsను UNCLOS piracy కాకుండా armed robbery against shipsగా పరిగణిస్తారు.
• Territorial watersలో incidentsకు coastal-State jurisdiction ముఖ్యమైనది.
• Internal waters, archipelagic waters లేదా territorial seaలో private ends కోసం జరిగే comparable violence, detention, depredation లేదా threatsను UNCLOS piracy కాకుండా armed robbery against shipsగా పరిగణిస్తారు.
• Territorial watersలో incidentsకు coastal-State jurisdiction ముఖ్యమైనది.
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
What obligation does UNCLOS Article 100 place on States regarding piracy?
Piracy విషయంలో UNCLOS Article 100 Statesపై ఏ obligation ఉంచుతుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Article 100 creates a broad duty of international cooperation.
• It applies to piracy on the high seas and in other places outside the jurisdiction of any State.
• It is not confined to coastal States, flag States or States directly affected by a particular incident.
• It applies to piracy on the high seas and in other places outside the jurisdiction of any State.
• It is not confined to coastal States, flag States or States directly affected by a particular incident.
వివరణ:
• Article 100 broad international cooperation dutyను సృష్టిస్తుంది.
• High seas మరియు ఏ State jurisdiction బయట ఉన్న ఇతర placesలో piracyకు ఇది వర్తిస్తుంది.
• ఇది coastal States, flag States లేదా particular incident వల్ల directly affected Statesకు మాత్రమే పరిమితం కాదు.
• High seas మరియు ఏ State jurisdiction బయట ఉన్న ఇతర placesలో piracyకు ఇది వర్తిస్తుంది.
• ఇది coastal States, flag States లేదా particular incident వల్ల directly affected Statesకు మాత్రమే పరిమితం కాదు.
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Which statement correctly combines UNCLOS Articles 105 and 107 concerning seizure of pirate vessels?
Pirate vessels seizureపై UNCLOS Articles 105 మరియు 107ను సరైన విధంగా కలిపే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Article 105 permits seizure of pirate vessels in the locations covered by the UNCLOS piracy regime.
• Under Article 58(2), Articles 88 to 115, including the piracy provisions, apply in the EEZ insofar as they are not incompatible with Part V.
• The courts of the seizing State may decide penalties and disposition, subject to the rights of good-faith third parties.
• Article 107 restricts piracy seizures to warships, military aircraft and other clearly marked and identifiable government vessels or aircraft authorized for that purpose.
• Under Article 58(2), Articles 88 to 115, including the piracy provisions, apply in the EEZ insofar as they are not incompatible with Part V.
• The courts of the seizing State may decide penalties and disposition, subject to the rights of good-faith third parties.
• Article 107 restricts piracy seizures to warships, military aircraft and other clearly marked and identifiable government vessels or aircraft authorized for that purpose.
వివరణ:
• Article 105 UNCLOS piracy regime వర్తించే locationsలో pirate vessels seizureను permit చేస్తుంది.
• Article 58(2) ప్రకారం piracy provisionsతో సహా Articles 88–115, Part Vకు incompatible కాని మేరకు EEZలో కూడా వర్తిస్తాయి.
• Good-faith third parties rightsకు subjectగా seizing State courts penalties మరియు dispositionపై నిర్ణయం తీసుకోవచ్చు.
• Article 107 piracy seizuresను warships, military aircraft మరియు ఆ purposeకు authorized అయిన clearly marked/identifiable government vessels లేదా aircraftకు పరిమితం చేస్తుంది.
• Article 58(2) ప్రకారం piracy provisionsతో సహా Articles 88–115, Part Vకు incompatible కాని మేరకు EEZలో కూడా వర్తిస్తాయి.
• Good-faith third parties rightsకు subjectగా seizing State courts penalties మరియు dispositionపై నిర్ణయం తీసుకోవచ్చు.
• Article 107 piracy seizuresను warships, military aircraft మరియు ఆ purposeకు authorized అయిన clearly marked/identifiable government vessels లేదా aircraftకు పరిమితం చేస్తుంది.
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
How does UNCLOS treat acts meeting the piracy definition when committed by a warship or government ship whose crew has mutinied and taken control?
Crew mutiny చేసి control తీసుకున్న warship లేదా government ship piracy definitionకు సరిపోయే acts చేస్తే UNCLOS వాటిని ఎలా treats చేస్తుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• UNCLOS Article 102 addresses this special case.
• Piracy acts committed by a warship, government ship or government aircraft whose crew has mutinied and taken control are assimilated to acts committed by a private ship or aircraft.
• The vessel's original governmental character therefore does not automatically exclude application of the piracy provisions after such a mutiny.
• Piracy acts committed by a warship, government ship or government aircraft whose crew has mutinied and taken control are assimilated to acts committed by a private ship or aircraft.
• The vessel's original governmental character therefore does not automatically exclude application of the piracy provisions after such a mutiny.
వివరణ:
• UNCLOS Article 102 ఈ special caseను address చేస్తుంది.
• Crew mutiny చేసి control తీసుకున్న warship, government ship లేదా government aircraft చేసే piracy actsను private ship లేదా aircraft actsతో assimilate చేస్తుంది.
• ఇటువంటి mutiny తర్వాత vessel original governmental character piracy provisions applicationను automatically exclude చేయదు.
• Crew mutiny చేసి control తీసుకున్న warship, government ship లేదా government aircraft చేసే piracy actsను private ship లేదా aircraft actsతో assimilate చేస్తుంది.
• ఇటువంటి mutiny తర్వాత vessel original governmental character piracy provisions applicationను automatically exclude చేయదు.
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which statement correctly describes the 1988 SUA Convention in relation to maritime security?
Maritime securityకు సంబంధించి 1988 SUA Conventionను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The SUA Convention was adopted in Rome on 10 March 1988 and entered into force on 1 March 1992.
• It addresses unlawful acts threatening ships, passengers, crews and maritime navigation, rather than being limited to classical piracy.
• Contracting Governments are required to take appropriate action, including either extraditing or submitting alleged offenders for prosecution in accordance with the Convention.
• It addresses unlawful acts threatening ships, passengers, crews and maritime navigation, rather than being limited to classical piracy.
• Contracting Governments are required to take appropriate action, including either extraditing or submitting alleged offenders for prosecution in accordance with the Convention.
వివరణ:
• SUA Convention 10 మార్చి 1988న Romeలో adopted అయి 1 మార్చి 1992న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• ఇది classical piracyకు మాత్రమే పరిమితం కాకుండా ships, passengers, crews మరియు maritime navigationను threaten చేసే unlawful actsను address చేస్తుంది.
• Convention ప్రకారం alleged offendersను extradite చేయడం లేదా prosecution కోసం submit చేయడం వంటి appropriate action Contracting Governments తీసుకోవాలి.
• ఇది classical piracyకు మాత్రమే పరిమితం కాకుండా ships, passengers, crews మరియు maritime navigationను threaten చేసే unlawful actsను address చేస్తుంది.
• Convention ప్రకారం alleged offendersను extradite చేయడం లేదా prosecution కోసం submit చేయడం వంటి appropriate action Contracting Governments తీసుకోవాలి.
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which statement best describes transit passage under UNCLOS through qualifying straits used for international navigation?
Qualifying straits used for international navigationలో UNCLOS transit passageను అత్యంత సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• UNCLOS Articles 37 and 38 establish transit passage through qualifying international straits.
• It covers navigation by ships and overflight by aircraft for continuous and expeditious transit.
• Article 44 provides that States bordering such straits shall not hamper transit passage and that there shall be no suspension of it.
• It covers navigation by ships and overflight by aircraft for continuous and expeditious transit.
• Article 44 provides that States bordering such straits shall not hamper transit passage and that there shall be no suspension of it.
వివరణ:
• UNCLOS Articles 37 మరియు 38 qualifying international straitsలో transit passageను ఏర్పాటు చేస్తాయి.
• Continuous మరియు expeditious transit కోసం ships navigationతో పాటు aircraft overflightను కూడా ఇది cover చేస్తుంది.
• Article 44 ప్రకారం strait-bordering States transit passageను hamper చేయరాదు మరియు దాన్ని suspend చేయరాదు.
• Continuous మరియు expeditious transit కోసం ships navigationతో పాటు aircraft overflightను కూడా ఇది cover చేస్తుంది.
• Article 44 ప్రకారం strait-bordering States transit passageను hamper చేయరాదు మరియు దాన్ని suspend చేయరాదు.
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which statement correctly distinguishes innocent passage through the territorial sea from transit passage through qualifying international straits?
Territorial seaలో innocent passageను qualifying international straitsలో transit passage నుంచి సరైన విధంగా వేరు చేసే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• UNCLOS Article 17 gives ships of all States the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
• Article 19 provides that passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial to the coastal State's peace, good order or security.
• Transit passage is broader in an important respect because it expressly includes overflight by aircraft.
• Article 19 provides that passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial to the coastal State's peace, good order or security.
• Transit passage is broader in an important respect because it expressly includes overflight by aircraft.
వివరణ:
• UNCLOS Article 17 అన్ని States shipsకు territorial seaలో innocent passage right ఇస్తుంది.
• Article 19 ప్రకారం coastal State peace, good order లేదా securityకు prejudicial కాకపోతే passage innocentగా ఉంటుంది.
• Transit passage aircraft overflightను expressly include చేయడం వల్ల ఒక ముఖ్యమైన విషయంలో broader.
• Article 19 ప్రకారం coastal State peace, good order లేదా securityకు prejudicial కాకపోతే passage innocentగా ఉంటుంది.
• Transit passage aircraft overflightను expressly include చేయడం వల్ల ఒక ముఖ్యమైన విషయంలో broader.
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Under UNCLOS Article 41, what procedure applies when States bordering an international strait wish to designate sea lanes or prescribe traffic separation schemes?
UNCLOS Article 41 ప్రకారం international straitను bordering చేసే States sea lanes designate చేయాలని లేదా traffic separation schemes prescribe చేయాలని కోరినప్పుడు ఏ procedure వర్తిస్తుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Article 41 permits States bordering straits to use sea lanes and traffic separation schemes where necessary for safe passage.
• Before designating, substituting or prescribing them, the States must refer their proposals to the competent international organization with a view to adoption.
• The organization may adopt only schemes agreed with the States bordering the strait; only after that adoption may the States designate, prescribe or substitute them.
• Ships exercising transit passage must respect applicable schemes established in accordance with Article 41.
• Before designating, substituting or prescribing them, the States must refer their proposals to the competent international organization with a view to adoption.
• The organization may adopt only schemes agreed with the States bordering the strait; only after that adoption may the States designate, prescribe or substitute them.
• Ships exercising transit passage must respect applicable schemes established in accordance with Article 41.
వివరణ:
• Safe passage కోసం అవసరమైనప్పుడు strait-bordering States sea lanes మరియు traffic separation schemesను ఉపయోగించడానికి Article 41 అవకాశం ఇస్తుంది.
• వాటిని designate, substitute లేదా prescribe చేయడానికి ముందు proposalsను adoption కోసం competent international organizationకు refer చేయాలి.
• Strait-bordering Statesతో agreed అయిన schemesను మాత్రమే organization adopt చేయగలదు; ఆ adoption తర్వాతే States వాటిని designate, prescribe లేదా substitute చేయవచ్చు.
• Transit passage exercise చేసే ships Article 41 ప్రకారం established applicable schemesను respect చేయాలి.
• వాటిని designate, substitute లేదా prescribe చేయడానికి ముందు proposalsను adoption కోసం competent international organizationకు refer చేయాలి.
• Strait-bordering Statesతో agreed అయిన schemesను మాత్రమే organization adopt చేయగలదు; ఆ adoption తర్వాతే States వాటిని designate, prescribe లేదా substitute చేయవచ్చు.
• Transit passage exercise చేసే ships Article 41 ప్రకారం established applicable schemesను respect చేయాలి.
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which matching of major maritime chokepoints and the waters they directly or functionally connect is correct?
Major maritime chokepoints మరియు అవి directly లేదా functionally connect చేసే watersకు సరైన matching ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Strait of Hormuz links the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and onward to the Arabian Sea.
• Bab el-Mandeb directly links the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden, leading onward to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
• The Strait of Malacca links the Andaman Sea and Indian Ocean routes with the Singapore Strait and onward South China Sea/Pacific maritime network.
• Bab el-Mandeb directly links the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden, leading onward to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
• The Strait of Malacca links the Andaman Sea and Indian Ocean routes with the Singapore Strait and onward South China Sea/Pacific maritime network.
వివరణ:
• Strait of Hormuz Persian Gulfను Gulf of Omanతో మరియు అక్కడి నుంచి Arabian Seaతో link చేస్తుంది.
• Bab el-Mandeb Red Seaను directly Gulf of Adenతో, అక్కడి నుంచి Arabian Sea మరియు Indian Oceanతో link చేస్తుంది.
• Strait of Malacca Andaman Sea/Indian Ocean routesను Singapore Strait మరియు onward South China Sea/Pacific maritime networkతో link చేస్తుంది.
• Bab el-Mandeb Red Seaను directly Gulf of Adenతో, అక్కడి నుంచి Arabian Sea మరియు Indian Oceanతో link చేస్తుంది.
• Strait of Malacca Andaman Sea/Indian Ocean routesను Singapore Strait మరియు onward South China Sea/Pacific maritime networkతో link చేస్తుంది.
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which statement correctly describes the Cape of Good Hope in discussions of global sea lanes?
Global sea lanes discussionsలో Cape of Good Hopeను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Cape of Good Hope is an important long-distance maritime route around southern Africa.
• Ships may reroute around it when the Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb or Suez route is disrupted.
• It should be distinguished from narrow straits or canals that function as geographical chokepoints.
• Ships may reroute around it when the Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb or Suez route is disrupted.
• It should be distinguished from narrow straits or canals that function as geographical chokepoints.
వివరణ:
• Cape of Good Hope southern Africa చుట్టూ important long-distance maritime route.
• Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb లేదా Suez route disrupt అయినప్పుడు ships దాని చుట్టూ reroute కావచ్చు.
• Narrow straits లేదా canals రూపంలోని geographical chokepoints నుంచి దీనిని వేరు చేయాలి.
• Red Sea, Bab el-Mandeb లేదా Suez route disrupt అయినప్పుడు ships దాని చుట్టూ reroute కావచ్చు.
• Narrow straits లేదా canals రూపంలోని geographical chokepoints నుంచి దీనిని వేరు చేయాలి.
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Which statement correctly describes ReCAAP and its Information Sharing Centre?
ReCAAP మరియు దాని Information Sharing Centreను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• ReCAAP was concluded in 2004 and entered into force on 4 September 2006.
• Its Information Sharing Centre is located in Singapore and was formally established in 2006.
• Current ReCAAP material lists 22 Contracting Parties, including India.
• Its work centres on information sharing, capacity building and cooperative arrangements against piracy and armed robbery against ships in Asia.
• Its Information Sharing Centre is located in Singapore and was formally established in 2006.
• Current ReCAAP material lists 22 Contracting Parties, including India.
• Its work centres on information sharing, capacity building and cooperative arrangements against piracy and armed robbery against ships in Asia.
వివరణ:
• ReCAAP 2004లో conclude అయి 4 సెప్టెంబర్ 2006న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• దాని Information Sharing Centre Singaporeలో ఉంది మరియు 2006లో formally established అయింది.
• Current ReCAAP material ప్రకారం Indiaతో సహా 22 Contracting Parties ఉన్నాయి.
• Asiaలో piracy మరియు armed robbery against shipsకు వ్యతిరేకంగా information sharing, capacity building మరియు cooperative arrangementsపై దాని work focus చేస్తుంది.
• దాని Information Sharing Centre Singaporeలో ఉంది మరియు 2006లో formally established అయింది.
• Current ReCAAP material ప్రకారం Indiaతో సహా 22 Contracting Parties ఉన్నాయి.
• Asiaలో piracy మరియు armed robbery against shipsకు వ్యతిరేకంగా information sharing, capacity building మరియు cooperative arrangementsపై దాని work focus చేస్తుంది.
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Which statement correctly describes the Djibouti Code of Conduct and its 2017 Jeddah Amendment?
Djibouti Code of Conduct మరియు దాని 2017 Jeddah Amendmentను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Djibouti Code of Conduct was adopted under IMO auspices on 29 January 2009 for cooperation against piracy and armed robbery in the western Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden.
• The Jeddah Amendment was adopted in January 2017.
• It broadened cooperation to transnational organized crime in the maritime domain, maritime terrorism, IUU fishing and other illegal activities at sea.
• The Jeddah Amendment was adopted in January 2017.
• It broadened cooperation to transnational organized crime in the maritime domain, maritime terrorism, IUU fishing and other illegal activities at sea.
వివరణ:
• Djibouti Code of Conduct IMO auspicesలో 29 జనవరి 2009న western Indian Ocean మరియు Gulf of Adenలో piracy/armed robberyకు వ్యతిరేక cooperation కోసం adopted అయింది.
• Jeddah Amendment జనవరి 2017లో adopted అయింది.
• ఇది maritime domainలో transnational organized crime, maritime terrorism, IUU fishing మరియు ఇతర illegal activities at seaకు cooperationను broaden చేసింది.
• Jeddah Amendment జనవరి 2017లో adopted అయింది.
• ఇది maritime domainలో transnational organized crime, maritime terrorism, IUU fishing మరియు ఇతర illegal activities at seaకు cooperationను broaden చేసింది.
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
What is the principal purpose of India's Information Fusion Centre – Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR)?
India Information Fusion Centre – Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) యొక్క principal purpose ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• IFC-IOR was inaugurated at Gurugram on 22 December 2018.
• Its mission is to enhance maritime safety, security and collective maritime domain awareness through information fusion and cooperation with partner countries and maritime-security constructs.
• It is a cooperative information mechanism, not a supranational command, regulator or judicial body.
• Its mission is to enhance maritime safety, security and collective maritime domain awareness through information fusion and cooperation with partner countries and maritime-security constructs.
• It is a cooperative information mechanism, not a supranational command, regulator or judicial body.
వివరణ:
• IFC-IOR 22 డిసెంబర్ 2018న Gurugramలో inaugurated అయింది.
• Information fusion మరియు partner countries/maritime-security constructsతో cooperation ద్వారా maritime safety, security మరియు collective maritime domain awarenessను enhance చేయడం దాని mission.
• ఇది cooperative information mechanism; supranational command, regulator లేదా judicial body కాదు.
• Information fusion మరియు partner countries/maritime-security constructsతో cooperation ద్వారా maritime safety, security మరియు collective maritime domain awarenessను enhance చేయడం దాని mission.
• ఇది cooperative information mechanism; supranational command, regulator లేదా judicial body కాదు.
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Which statement correctly describes India's participation in regional maritime-security cooperation?
Regional maritime-security cooperationలో India's participationను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• India is a ReCAAP Contracting Party.
• India's Ministry of External Affairs identifies India as an active member/participant in the Co-operative Mechanism set up in 2007 for the Straits of Malacca and Singapore under IMO's Protection of Vital Shipping Lanes initiative.
• India also engages through other bilateral, plurilateral and regional maritime-security arrangements.
• India's Ministry of External Affairs identifies India as an active member/participant in the Co-operative Mechanism set up in 2007 for the Straits of Malacca and Singapore under IMO's Protection of Vital Shipping Lanes initiative.
• India also engages through other bilateral, plurilateral and regional maritime-security arrangements.
వివరణ:
• India ReCAAP Contracting Party.
• IMO Protection of Vital Shipping Lanes initiative కింద 2007లో Straits of Malacca and Singapore కోసం ఏర్పాటైన Co-operative Mechanismలో India active member/participant అని Ministry of External Affairs పేర్కొంటుంది.
• ఇతర bilateral, plurilateral మరియు regional maritime-security arrangements ద్వారా కూడా India engage అవుతుంది.
• IMO Protection of Vital Shipping Lanes initiative కింద 2007లో Straits of Malacca and Singapore కోసం ఏర్పాటైన Co-operative Mechanismలో India active member/participant అని Ministry of External Affairs పేర్కొంటుంది.
• ఇతర bilateral, plurilateral మరియు regional maritime-security arrangements ద్వారా కూడా India engage అవుతుంది.
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
What is the principal purpose of India's Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022?
India Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022 యొక్క principal purpose ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Act's long title expressly states that it gives effect to UNCLOS provisions relating to repression of piracy on the high seas.
• The Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022 received assent on 31 January 2023.
• Its provisions came into force on 22 February 2023.
• For purposes of the Act, its definition of 'high seas' includes the exclusive economic zone and waters beyond the jurisdiction of any other State.
• The Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022 received assent on 31 January 2023.
• Its provisions came into force on 22 February 2023.
• For purposes of the Act, its definition of 'high seas' includes the exclusive economic zone and waters beyond the jurisdiction of any other State.
వివరణ:
• High seasలో piracy repressionకు సంబంధించిన UNCLOS provisionsకు effect ఇవ్వడం Act long titleలో expressly పేర్కొనబడింది.
• Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022కు 31 జనవరి 2023న assent లభించింది.
• దాని provisions 22 ఫిబ్రవరి 2023న అమల్లోకి వచ్చాయి.
• Act purposes కోసం 'high seas' definition exclusive economic zone మరియు any other State jurisdictionకు beyond ఉన్న watersను include చేస్తుంది.
• Maritime Anti-Piracy Act, 2022కు 31 జనవరి 2023న assent లభించింది.
• దాని provisions 22 ఫిబ్రవరి 2023న అమల్లోకి వచ్చాయి.
• Act purposes కోసం 'high seas' definition exclusive economic zone మరియు any other State jurisdictionకు beyond ఉన్న watersను include చేస్తుంది.
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Operation SANKALP, commenced by the Indian Navy in June 2019, was principally associated with which maritime-security objective?
జూన్ 2019లో Indian Navy ప్రారంభించిన Operation SANKALP ప్రధానంగా ఏ maritime-security objectiveతో సంబంధం కలిగి ఉంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Indian Navy commenced Operation SANKALP in the Gulf region on 19 June 2019 following attacks on merchant ships in the Gulf of Oman.
• Its stated purpose included ensuring safe passage of Indian-flagged vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz.
• It illustrates protection of sea-borne trade and merchant shipping as a maritime-security mission.
• Its stated purpose included ensuring safe passage of Indian-flagged vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz.
• It illustrates protection of sea-borne trade and merchant shipping as a maritime-security mission.
వివరణ:
• Gulf of Omanలో merchant shipsపై attacks అనంతరం Indian Navy 19 జూన్ 2019న Gulf regionలో Operation SANKALPను ప్రారంభించింది.
• Strait of Hormuz ద్వారా transit అయ్యే Indian-flagged vessels safe passageను ensure చేయడం దాని stated purposesలో ఒకటి.
• Sea-borne trade మరియు merchant shipping protection maritime-security missionగా ఇది ఉదాహరణ.
• Strait of Hormuz ద్వారా transit అయ్యే Indian-flagged vessels safe passageను ensure చేయడం దాని stated purposesలో ఒకటి.
• Sea-borne trade మరియు merchant shipping protection maritime-security missionగా ఇది ఉదాహరణ.
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which example best illustrates the HADR dimension of India's maritime-security partnerships?
India maritime-security partnershipsలో HADR dimensionను అత్యంత సరైన విధంగా చూపే example ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• HADR means Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief.
• Indian naval and Coast Guard assets provided rescue, medical assistance and relief following Cyclone Idai in Mozambique in March 2019.
• Mission SAGAR, launched in 2020, subsequently used Indian Navy deployments to deliver food, medicines, medical teams and other humanitarian assistance to multiple Indian Ocean partners.
• Indian naval and Coast Guard assets provided rescue, medical assistance and relief following Cyclone Idai in Mozambique in March 2019.
• Mission SAGAR, launched in 2020, subsequently used Indian Navy deployments to deliver food, medicines, medical teams and other humanitarian assistance to multiple Indian Ocean partners.
వివరణ:
• HADR అంటే Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief.
• మార్చి 2019లో Mozambiqueలో Cyclone Idai తర్వాత Indian naval మరియు Coast Guard assets rescue, medical assistance మరియు relief అందించాయి.
• 2020లో ప్రారంభమైన Mission SAGAR ద్వారా తరువాత అనేక Indian Ocean partnersకు food, medicines, medical teams మరియు ఇతర humanitarian assistanceను Indian Navy deployments అందించాయి.
• మార్చి 2019లో Mozambiqueలో Cyclone Idai తర్వాత Indian naval మరియు Coast Guard assets rescue, medical assistance మరియు relief అందించాయి.
• 2020లో ప్రారంభమైన Mission SAGAR ద్వారా తరువాత అనేక Indian Ocean partnersకు food, medicines, medical teams మరియు ఇతర humanitarian assistanceను Indian Navy deployments అందించాయి.
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which statement correctly describes the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code?
International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Codeను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The ISPS Code entered into force under SOLAS Chapter XI-2 on 1 July 2004.
• It establishes preventive security requirements for international shipping and port facilities.
• Part A is mandatory, while Part B provides recommendatory guidance on compliance with Part A requirements.
• It establishes preventive security requirements for international shipping and port facilities.
• Part A is mandatory, while Part B provides recommendatory guidance on compliance with Part A requirements.
వివరణ:
• ISPS Code SOLAS Chapter XI-2 కింద 1 జూలై 2004న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• International shipping మరియు port facilitiesకు preventive security requirementsను ఇది ఏర్పాటు చేస్తుంది.
• Part A mandatory; Part B Part A requirements complianceపై recommendatory guidanceను అందిస్తుంది.
• International shipping మరియు port facilitiesకు preventive security requirementsను ఇది ఏర్పాటు చేస్తుంది.
• Part A mandatory; Part B Part A requirements complianceపై recommendatory guidanceను అందిస్తుంది.
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which statement best describes maritime domain awareness (MDA) in the context of modern maritime security?
Modern maritime security contextలో maritime domain awareness (MDA)ను అత్యంత సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• IMO defines maritime domain awareness as the effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact security, safety, the economy or the marine environment.
• It is built from maritime situational, threat and response awareness using information from multiple sources.
• MDA itself does not create sovereignty or enforcement jurisdiction where international or national law does not otherwise provide it.
• It is built from maritime situational, threat and response awareness using information from multiple sources.
• MDA itself does not create sovereignty or enforcement jurisdiction where international or national law does not otherwise provide it.
వివరణ:
• Security, safety, economy లేదా marine environmentపై impact చూపగల maritime domainకు సంబంధించిన ఏ విషయంపైనా effective understandingను IMO maritime domain awarenessగా define చేస్తుంది.
• Multiple information sourcesను ఉపయోగించే maritime situational, threat మరియు response awarenessపై ఇది నిర్మితమవుతుంది.
• International లేదా national law otherwise provide చేయని sovereignty లేదా enforcement jurisdictionను MDA స్వయంగా create చేయదు.
• Multiple information sourcesను ఉపయోగించే maritime situational, threat మరియు response awarenessపై ఇది నిర్మితమవుతుంది.
• International లేదా national law otherwise provide చేయని sovereignty లేదా enforcement jurisdictionను MDA స్వయంగా create చేయదు.
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: C. Piracy includes illegal acts of violence, detention or depredation committed for private ends by the crew or passengers of a private ship or aircraft against another ship, aircraft, persons or property on the high seas, or against them in a place outside the jurisdiction of any State, together with specified participation, incitement or intentional facilitation సమాధానం: C. Private ship లేదా aircraft crew/passengers private ends కోసం high seasలో another ship, aircraft, persons లేదా propertyపై లేదా ఏ State jurisdiction బయట ఉన్న placeలో violence, detention లేదా depredationకు సంబంధించిన illegal acts చేయడం, అలాగే specified participation, incitement లేదా intentional facilitation piracyలోకి వస్తాయి
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer || సమాధానం: A. Armed robbery against ships
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: D. All States shall cooperate to the fullest possible extent in repressing piracy on the high seas or in any other place outside the jurisdiction of any State సమాధానం: D. High seasలో లేదా ఏ State jurisdiction బయట ఉన్న ఇతర placeలో piracy repression కోసం అన్ని States fullest possible extent వరకు cooperate చేయాలి
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: B. Under the piracy provisions applicable on the high seas and, through Article 58(2), in the EEZ insofar as compatible, a State may seize a pirate ship, but such seizure may be carried out only by warships, military aircraft or other clearly identifiable and authorized government ships or aircraft సమాధానం: B. High seasలో మరియు Article 58(2) ద్వారా compatible అయిన మేరకు EEZలో వర్తించే piracy provisions కింద State pirate shipను seize చేయవచ్చు; అయితే seizureను warships, military aircraft లేదా clearly identifiable మరియు authorized government ships/aircraft మాత్రమే నిర్వహించగలవు
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. They are assimilated to acts committed by a private ship or aircraft for purposes of the piracy provisions సమాధానం: B. Piracy provisions కోసం అవి private ship లేదా aircraft చేసిన actsతో సమానంగా పరిగణించబడతాయి
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: C. It creates a framework for suppressing unlawful acts against the safety of maritime navigation, including forcible seizure of ships, violence against persons on board and placing destructive devices on ships, and incorporates an extradite-or-prosecute approach సమాధానం: C. Forcible seizure of ships, persons on boardపై violence మరియు shipsపై destructive devices placement వంటి unlawful acts against safety of maritime navigationను suppress చేసే frameworkను ఏర్పాటు చేసి extradite-or-prosecute approachను కలిగి ఉంది
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: A. Ships and aircraft enjoy navigation and overflight for continuous and expeditious transit between one part of the high seas or an EEZ and another, and States bordering the strait may not suspend transit passage సమాధానం: A. High seas లేదా EEZ ఒక భాగం నుంచి మరో భాగానికి continuous మరియు expeditious transit కోసం ships మరియు aircraft navigation/overflight rightsను enjoy చేస్తాయి; strait-bordering States transit passageను suspend చేయరాదు
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: D. Innocent passage is a right of ships through the territorial sea provided passage is not prejudicial to the coastal State's peace, good order or security, whereas transit passage through qualifying straits also encompasses aircraft overflight సమాధానం: D. Passage coastal State peace, good order లేదా securityకు prejudicial కాకపోతే territorial seaలో shipsకు innocent passage right ఉంటుంది; qualifying straitsలో transit passage aircraft overflightను కూడా encompass చేస్తుంది
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: C. Where necessary to promote safe passage, bordering States may propose sea lanes or traffic separation schemes, but before designation or substitution they must refer the proposals to the competent international organization for adoption; after adoption of schemes agreed with the bordering States, those States may designate or prescribe them సమాధానం: C. Safe passageను promote చేయడానికి అవసరమైనప్పుడు bordering States sea lanes లేదా traffic separation schemesను propose చేయవచ్చు; అయితే designation లేదా substitutionకు ముందు proposalsను adoption కోసం competent international organizationకు refer చేయాలి; bordering Statesతో agreed అయిన schemesను organization adopt చేసిన తర్వాత States వాటిని designate లేదా prescribe చేయవచ్చు
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: B. Strait of Hormuz — Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and onward Arabian Sea; Bab el-Mandeb — Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and onward Arabian Sea; Strait of Malacca — Andaman Sea/Indian Ocean routes with the Singapore Strait and South China Sea/Pacific maritime system సమాధానం: B. Strait of Hormuz — Persian Gulfను Gulf of Oman మరియు onward Arabian Seaతో; Bab el-Mandeb — Red Seaను Gulf of Aden మరియు onward Arabian Seaతో; Strait of Malacca — Andaman Sea/Indian Ocean routesను Singapore Strait మరియు South China Sea/Pacific maritime systemతో connect చేస్తుంది
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: A. It is a major route around southern Africa and can serve as an alternative when routes through the Red Sea/Suez system are disrupted, but it is not a narrow maritime chokepoint like Hormuz or Malacca సమాధానం: A. ఇది southern Africa చుట్టూ major route; Red Sea/Suez routes disrupt అయినప్పుడు alternativeగా ఉపయోగించవచ్చు; కానీ Hormuz లేదా Malaccaలా narrow maritime chokepoint కాదు
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. ReCAAP is a government-to-government agreement promoting cooperation against piracy and armed robbery against ships in Asia; it entered into force in 2006, its Information Sharing Centre is based in Singapore, and its current 22 Contracting Parties include India సమాధానం: D. ReCAAP Asiaలో piracy మరియు armed robbery against shipsకు వ్యతిరేకంగా cooperationను promote చేసే government-to-government agreement; ఇది 2006లో అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది; దాని Information Sharing Centre Singaporeలో ఉంది; current 22 Contracting Partiesలో India కూడా ఉంది
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: C. The 2009 Code promoted regional cooperation against piracy and armed robbery in the western Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden, while the 2017 Jeddah Amendment broadened cooperation to wider illicit maritime activities including transnational organized crime, maritime terrorism, trafficking and IUU fishing సమాధానం: C. 2009 Code western Indian Ocean మరియు Gulf of Adenలో piracy/armed robberyకు వ్యతిరేకంగా regional cooperationను promote చేసింది; 2017 Jeddah Amendment transnational organized crime, maritime terrorism, trafficking మరియు IUU fishingతో సహా wider illicit maritime activitiesకు cooperationను broaden చేసింది
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: B. To enhance maritime domain awareness, safety and security through information fusion, information sharing and cooperation with partner countries and maritime-security organizations సమాధానం: B. Information fusion, information sharing మరియు partner countries/maritime-security organizationsతో cooperation ద్వారా maritime domain awareness, safety మరియు securityను enhance చేయడం
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: A. India is a ReCAAP Contracting Party and is also an active participant in the Co-operative Mechanism established in 2007 for the Straits of Malacca and Singapore సమాధానం: A. India ReCAAP Contracting Party మరియు 2007లో Straits of Malacca and Singapore కోసం ఏర్పాటైన Co-operative Mechanismలో active participant కూడా
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: C. To give effect to UNCLOS provisions relating to repression of piracy on the high seas and address matters connected with or incidental to it సమాధానం: C. High seasలో piracy repressionకు సంబంధించిన UNCLOS provisionsకు effect ఇవ్వడం మరియు దానితో connected లేదా incidental mattersను address చేయడం
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: D. Ensuring maritime security and the safe passage of Indian-flagged vessels transiting through the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf region సమాధానం: D. Strait of Hormuz మరియు Gulf region ద్వారా transit అయ్యే Indian-flagged vesselsకు maritime security మరియు safe passageను ensure చేయడం
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: B. Indian Navy rescue, medical and relief assistance after Cyclone Idai in Mozambique and subsequent Mission SAGAR deployments providing humanitarian and medical assistance to Indian Ocean partners సమాధానం: B. Mozambiqueలో Cyclone Idai తర్వాత Indian Navy rescue, medical మరియు relief assistance, అలాగే తరువాత Indian Ocean partnersకు humanitarian మరియు medical assistance అందించిన Mission SAGAR deployments
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: A. It forms part of the IMO maritime-security framework under SOLAS Chapter XI-2; Part A contains mandatory requirements while Part B provides recommendatory guidance on implementation సమాధానం: A. ఇది SOLAS Chapter XI-2 కింద IMO maritime-security frameworkలో భాగం; Part A mandatory requirementsను కలిగి ఉండగా Part B implementationపై recommendatory guidanceను అందిస్తుంది
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: C. It is the effective understanding of matters associated with the maritime domain that could affect security, safety, the economy or the marine environment, supported by gathering, correlating, fusing and sharing relevant information సమాధానం: C. Security, safety, economy లేదా marine environmentపై impact చూపగల maritime domainకు సంబంధించిన mattersపై effective understanding; relevant information gathering, correlation, fusion మరియు sharing దీనికి support ఇస్తాయి