అంతర్జాతీయ సంఘటనలు మరియు సంబంధాలు - టెస్ట్ 77 - ఐఏఈఏ, అణు భద్రతా పర్యవేక్షణ మరియు అణు భద్రత
Please keep at least one language enabled. || కనీసం ఒక భాషను ఎంచుకోండి.
Question 1
ప్రశ్న 1
Which statement correctly describes the origin and principal objective of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)?
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) origin మరియు principal objectiveను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The IAEA Statute entered into force on 29 July 1957.
• Article II states that the Agency seeks to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world.
• Its mandate includes peaceful applications, safeguards, safety, security and international cooperation; it is not a national nuclear regulator.
• Article II states that the Agency seeks to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world.
• Its mandate includes peaceful applications, safeguards, safety, security and international cooperation; it is not a national nuclear regulator.
వివరణ:
• IAEA Statute 29 జూలై 1957న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• Article II ప్రకారం ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా peace, health మరియు prosperityకు atomic energy contributionను accelerate మరియు enlarge చేయడం Agency objective.
• Peaceful applications, safeguards, safety, security మరియు international cooperation దాని mandateలో ఉన్నాయి; ఇది national nuclear regulator కాదు.
• Article II ప్రకారం ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా peace, health మరియు prosperityకు atomic energy contributionను accelerate మరియు enlarge చేయడం Agency objective.
• Peaceful applications, safeguards, safety, security మరియు international cooperation దాని mandateలో ఉన్నాయి; ఇది national nuclear regulator కాదు.
Question 2
ప్రశ్న 2
Which statement correctly distinguishes the IAEA General Conference from the Board of Governors?
IAEA General Conferenceను Board of Governors నుంచి సరైన విధంగా వేరు చేసే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The General Conference represents the Agency's full membership and normally meets once each year.
• The Board of Governors is one of the IAEA's two principal policy-making bodies and has 35 members.
• Safeguards inspections are carried out by the Secretariat rather than by either policy-making body itself.
• The Board of Governors is one of the IAEA's two principal policy-making bodies and has 35 members.
• Safeguards inspections are carried out by the Secretariat rather than by either policy-making body itself.
వివరణ:
• General Conference Agency మొత్తం membershipను represent చేసి సాధారణంగా సంవత్సరానికి ఒకసారి meet అవుతుంది.
• Board of Governors IAEA యొక్క రెండు principal policy-making bodiesలో ఒకటి; దీనిలో 35 members ఉంటారు.
• Safeguards inspectionsను policy-making bodies స్వయంగా కాకుండా Secretariat నిర్వహిస్తుంది.
• Board of Governors IAEA యొక్క రెండు principal policy-making bodiesలో ఒకటి; దీనిలో 35 members ఉంటారు.
• Safeguards inspectionsను policy-making bodies స్వయంగా కాకుండా Secretariat నిర్వహిస్తుంది.
Question 3
ప్రశ్న 3
How is the 35-member IAEA Board of Governors constituted under the Statute?
Statute ప్రకారం 35-member IAEA Board of Governors ఎలా constituted అవుతుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The Board has 35 members.
• Thirteen are designated under the Statute's criteria relating to advancement in atomic-energy technology and regional representation.
• Twenty-two are elected by the General Conference, ensuring broader geographic representation.
• Thirteen are designated under the Statute's criteria relating to advancement in atomic-energy technology and regional representation.
• Twenty-two are elected by the General Conference, ensuring broader geographic representation.
వివరణ:
• Boardలో 35 members ఉంటారు.
• Atomic-energy technology advancement మరియు regional representationకు సంబంధించిన Statute criteria ప్రకారం 13 members designated అవుతారు.
• Broader geographic representation కోసం 22 members General Conference ద్వారా elected అవుతారు.
• Atomic-energy technology advancement మరియు regional representationకు సంబంధించిన Statute criteria ప్రకారం 13 members designated అవుతారు.
• Broader geographic representation కోసం 22 members General Conference ద్వారా elected అవుతారు.
Question 4
ప్రశ్న 4
Who appoints the IAEA Director General under the Agency's Statute?
Agency Statute ప్రకారం IAEA Director Generalను ఎవరు appoint చేస్తారు?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Under Article VII of the IAEA Statute, the Director General is appointed by the Board of Governors with the approval of the General Conference.
• The Director General heads the IAEA Secretariat.
• This institutional role should not be confused with the functions of the Board or General Conference.
• The Director General heads the IAEA Secretariat.
• This institutional role should not be confused with the functions of the Board or General Conference.
వివరణ:
• IAEA Statute Article VII ప్రకారం Director Generalను Board of Governors appoint చేస్తుంది; General Conference approval అవసరం.
• Director General IAEA Secretariatకు headగా ఉంటారు.
• ఈ institutional roleను Board లేదా General Conference functionsతో కలపకూడదు.
• Director General IAEA Secretariatకు headగా ఉంటారు.
• ఈ institutional roleను Board లేదా General Conference functionsతో కలపకూడదు.
Question 5
ప్రశ్న 5
What is the fundamental purpose of IAEA safeguards?
IAEA safeguards యొక్క fundamental purpose ఏమిటి?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Safeguards are the IAEA's nuclear-verification system.
• Their purpose is to provide assurance that safeguarded nuclear material and activities remain in peaceful use and are not diverted to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.
• Physical protection against malicious acts belongs principally to nuclear security, not safeguards.
• Their purpose is to provide assurance that safeguarded nuclear material and activities remain in peaceful use and are not diverted to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.
• Physical protection against malicious acts belongs principally to nuclear security, not safeguards.
వివరణ:
• Safeguards IAEA nuclear-verification system.
• Safeguarded nuclear material మరియు activities peaceful useలో ఉండి nuclear weapons లేదా other nuclear explosive devicesకు divert కాకుండా assurance ఇవ్వడం వాటి purpose.
• Malicious acts నుంచి physical protection ప్రధానంగా nuclear securityకు సంబంధించినది; safeguardsకు కాదు.
• Safeguarded nuclear material మరియు activities peaceful useలో ఉండి nuclear weapons లేదా other nuclear explosive devicesకు divert కాకుండా assurance ఇవ్వడం వాటి purpose.
• Malicious acts నుంచి physical protection ప్రధానంగా nuclear securityకు సంబంధించినది; safeguardsకు కాదు.
Question 6
ప్రశ్న 6
Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the NPT and IAEA comprehensive safeguards agreements?
NPT మరియు IAEA comprehensive safeguards agreements మధ్య relationshipను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The NPT creates the Article III safeguards obligation for its non-nuclear-weapon States parties.
• The IAEA then implements that obligation through legally binding safeguards agreements concluded with individual States.
• Thus, the treaty obligation derives from the NPT, while the verification rights and procedures are implemented through the State-IAEA safeguards agreement.
• The IAEA then implements that obligation through legally binding safeguards agreements concluded with individual States.
• Thus, the treaty obligation derives from the NPT, while the verification rights and procedures are implemented through the State-IAEA safeguards agreement.
వివరణ:
• NPT తన non-nuclear-weapon States partiesపై Article III safeguards obligationను create చేస్తుంది.
• Individual Statesతో legally binding safeguards agreements ద్వారా IAEA ఆ obligationను implement చేస్తుంది.
• కాబట్టి treaty obligation NPT నుంచి వస్తే, verification rights మరియు procedures State-IAEA safeguards agreement ద్వారా అమలవుతాయి.
• Individual Statesతో legally binding safeguards agreements ద్వారా IAEA ఆ obligationను implement చేస్తుంది.
• కాబట్టి treaty obligation NPT నుంచి వస్తే, verification rights మరియు procedures State-IAEA safeguards agreement ద్వారా అమలవుతాయి.
Question 7
ప్రశ్న 7
Which statement correctly describes an IAEA Additional Protocol?
IAEA Additional Protocolను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• An Additional Protocol is not a stand-alone replacement for a safeguards agreement.
• It provides complementary legal authority for additional declarations, information and inspector access.
• For States with comprehensive safeguards agreements, this strengthens the Agency's ability to provide assurance regarding the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities.
• It provides complementary legal authority for additional declarations, information and inspector access.
• For States with comprehensive safeguards agreements, this strengthens the Agency's ability to provide assurance regarding the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities.
వివరణ:
• Additional Protocol safeguards agreementకు stand-alone replacement కాదు.
• Additional declarations, information మరియు inspector access కోసం complementary legal authorityను అందిస్తుంది.
• Comprehensive safeguards agreements ఉన్న Statesలో undeclared nuclear material మరియు activities లేకపోవడంపై assurance ఇవ్వడానికి Agency abilityను ఇది strengthen చేస్తుంది.
• Additional declarations, information మరియు inspector access కోసం complementary legal authorityను అందిస్తుంది.
• Comprehensive safeguards agreements ఉన్న Statesలో undeclared nuclear material మరియు activities లేకపోవడంపై assurance ఇవ్వడానికి Agency abilityను ఇది strengthen చేస్తుంది.
Question 8
ప్రశ్న 8
Which matching of the principal types of IAEA safeguards agreements is correct?
IAEA safeguards agreements principal typesకు సరైన matching ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The IAEA implements several types of safeguards agreements depending on the State's legal commitments.
• NPT non-nuclear-weapon States generally conclude comprehensive safeguards agreements; the five NPT nuclear-weapon States have voluntary offer agreements.
• Item-specific agreements cover designated nuclear material, facilities or other specified items and are important for States outside the NPT.
• NPT non-nuclear-weapon States generally conclude comprehensive safeguards agreements; the five NPT nuclear-weapon States have voluntary offer agreements.
• Item-specific agreements cover designated nuclear material, facilities or other specified items and are important for States outside the NPT.
వివరణ:
• State legal commitmentsను బట్టి IAEA వేర్వేరు safeguards agreementsను implement చేస్తుంది.
• NPT non-nuclear-weapon States సాధారణంగా comprehensive safeguards agreements conclude చేస్తాయి; ఐదు NPT nuclear-weapon States voluntary offer agreements కలిగి ఉన్నాయి.
• Item-specific agreements designated nuclear material, facilities లేదా ఇతర specified itemsను cover చేస్తాయి మరియు NPT బయట Statesకు ముఖ్యమైనవి.
• NPT non-nuclear-weapon States సాధారణంగా comprehensive safeguards agreements conclude చేస్తాయి; ఐదు NPT nuclear-weapon States voluntary offer agreements కలిగి ఉన్నాయి.
• Item-specific agreements designated nuclear material, facilities లేదా ఇతర specified itemsను cover చేస్తాయి మరియు NPT బయట Statesకు ముఖ్యమైనవి.
Question 9
ప్రశ్న 9
Which statement most accurately describes nuclear security in the IAEA framework?
IAEA frameworkలో nuclear securityను అత్యంత ఖచ్చితంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Nuclear security is fundamentally a State responsibility.
• It concerns prevention and detection of, and response to, theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer and other malicious acts involving nuclear or other radioactive material and associated facilities.
• The IAEA provides guidance, capacity-building, advisory services and a platform for international cooperation.
• It concerns prevention and detection of, and response to, theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer and other malicious acts involving nuclear or other radioactive material and associated facilities.
• The IAEA provides guidance, capacity-building, advisory services and a platform for international cooperation.
వివరణ:
• Nuclear security fundamentally State responsibility.
• Nuclear లేదా other radioactive material మరియు associated facilitiesకు సంబంధించిన theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer మరియు ఇతర malicious actsను prevent, detect చేసి respond చేయడం దీనిలో భాగం.
• IAEA guidance, capacity-building, advisory services మరియు international cooperation platformను అందిస్తుంది.
• Nuclear లేదా other radioactive material మరియు associated facilitiesకు సంబంధించిన theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer మరియు ఇతర malicious actsను prevent, detect చేసి respond చేయడం దీనిలో భాగం.
• IAEA guidance, capacity-building, advisory services మరియు international cooperation platformను అందిస్తుంది.
Question 10
ప్రశ్న 10
Which option correctly distinguishes nuclear safety, nuclear security and nuclear safeguards?
Nuclear safety, nuclear security మరియు nuclear safeguardsను సరైన విధంగా వేరు చేసే option ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Nuclear safety primarily addresses protection from radiation risks and harmful consequences arising from accidents or unsafe conditions.
• Nuclear security addresses deliberate or malicious acts such as theft and sabotage.
• Safeguards are international verification measures aimed at detecting and deterring diversion or misuse of safeguarded nuclear material and activities.
• Nuclear security addresses deliberate or malicious acts such as theft and sabotage.
• Safeguards are international verification measures aimed at detecting and deterring diversion or misuse of safeguarded nuclear material and activities.
వివరణ:
• Nuclear safety ప్రధానంగా accidents లేదా unsafe conditions వల్ల వచ్చే radiation risks మరియు harmful consequences నుంచి protectionను address చేస్తుంది.
• Nuclear security theft మరియు sabotage వంటి deliberate లేదా malicious actsను address చేస్తుంది.
• Safeguards safeguarded nuclear material మరియు activities diversion/misuseను detect మరియు deter చేసే international verification measures.
• Nuclear security theft మరియు sabotage వంటి deliberate లేదా malicious actsను address చేస్తుంది.
• Safeguards safeguarded nuclear material మరియు activities diversion/misuseను detect మరియు deter చేసే international verification measures.
Question 11
ప్రశ్న 11
Which activity is characteristic of the IAEA Technical Cooperation Programme?
IAEA Technical Cooperation Programmeకు characteristic activity ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The IAEA Technical Cooperation Programme supports safe, peaceful and secure applications of nuclear science and technology.
• Major fields include human health, agriculture and food security, water and the environment, industrial applications and institutional capacity-building.
• The IAEA provides assistance and expertise rather than replacing national operators or institutions.
• Major fields include human health, agriculture and food security, water and the environment, industrial applications and institutional capacity-building.
• The IAEA provides assistance and expertise rather than replacing national operators or institutions.
వివరణ:
• IAEA Technical Cooperation Programme nuclear science మరియు technology safe, peaceful మరియు secure applicationsకు support ఇస్తుంది.
• Human health, agriculture/food security, water/environment, industrial applications మరియు institutional capacity-building ప్రధాన fields.
• IAEA assistance మరియు expertise అందిస్తుంది; national operators లేదా institutionsను replace చేయదు.
• Human health, agriculture/food security, water/environment, industrial applications మరియు institutional capacity-building ప్రధాన fields.
• IAEA assistance మరియు expertise అందిస్తుంది; national operators లేదా institutionsను replace చేయదు.
Question 12
ప్రశ్న 12
Which statement correctly describes India and current IAEA membership?
India మరియు current IAEA membershipను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• India has been an IAEA Member State since 1957.
• NPT membership is not a prerequisite for membership in the IAEA.
• Maldives became the Agency's 181st Member State in December 2025.
• NPT membership is not a prerequisite for membership in the IAEA.
• Maldives became the Agency's 181st Member State in December 2025.
వివరణ:
• India 1957 నుంచి IAEA Member State.
• IAEA membershipకు NPT membership prerequisite కాదు.
• Maldives డిసెంబర్ 2025లో Agency 181వ Member State అయింది.
• IAEA membershipకు NPT membership prerequisite కాదు.
• Maldives డిసెంబర్ 2025లో Agency 181వ Member State అయింది.
Question 13
ప్రశ్న 13
Which statement correctly describes India's 2009 safeguards agreement with the IAEA?
India 2009 safeguards agreement with IAEAను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• India and the IAEA concluded INFCIRC/754 for safeguards on civilian nuclear facilities.
• The agreement entered into force on 11 May 2009.
• India is not an NPT Party, so this agreement must not be described as the comprehensive safeguards agreement required of NPT non-nuclear-weapon States by Article III.
• The agreement entered into force on 11 May 2009.
• India is not an NPT Party, so this agreement must not be described as the comprehensive safeguards agreement required of NPT non-nuclear-weapon States by Article III.
వివరణ:
• Civilian nuclear facilitiesపై safeguards కోసం India మరియు IAEA INFCIRC/754ను conclude చేశాయి.
• Agreement 11 మే 2009న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• India NPT Party కాదు; కాబట్టి దీనిని Article III ప్రకారం NPT non-nuclear-weapon Statesకు required Comprehensive Safeguards Agreementగా పేర్కొనకూడదు.
• Agreement 11 మే 2009న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• India NPT Party కాదు; కాబట్టి దీనిని Article III ప్రకారం NPT non-nuclear-weapon Statesకు required Comprehensive Safeguards Agreementగా పేర్కొనకూడదు.
Question 14
ప్రశ్న 14
Which statement correctly describes India's Additional Protocol with the IAEA?
India Additional Protocol with IAEAను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• India signed the Additional Protocol to its civilian-facilities safeguards agreement on 15 May 2009.
• It entered into force on 25 July 2014.
• The protocol is linked to India's specific safeguards agreement and does not transform India's legal status under the NPT.
• It entered into force on 25 July 2014.
• The protocol is linked to India's specific safeguards agreement and does not transform India's legal status under the NPT.
వివరణ:
• India తన civilian-facilities safeguards agreementకు Additional Protocolను 15 మే 2009న sign చేసింది.
• ఇది 25 జూలై 2014న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• Protocol India's specific safeguards agreementకు linked; ఇది NPT కింద India's legal statusను మార్చదు.
• ఇది 25 జూలై 2014న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• Protocol India's specific safeguards agreementకు linked; ఇది NPT కింద India's legal statusను మార్చదు.
Question 15
ప్రశ్న 15
Why is it incorrect to describe India's IAEA safeguards arrangement as the same as the NPT Article III comprehensive safeguards obligation?
India IAEA safeguards arrangementను NPT Article III comprehensive safeguards obligationతో sameగా పేర్కొనడం ఎందుకు తప్పు?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• India is outside the NPT and therefore does not have the NPT Article III comprehensive safeguards obligation applicable to NPT non-nuclear-weapon States.
• IAEA safeguards in India are implemented pursuant to India-specific agreements, including INFCIRC/754.
• The safeguards conclusions therefore relate to the nuclear material, facilities and other items to which safeguards actually apply.
• IAEA safeguards in India are implemented pursuant to India-specific agreements, including INFCIRC/754.
• The safeguards conclusions therefore relate to the nuclear material, facilities and other items to which safeguards actually apply.
వివరణ:
• India NPT బయట ఉంది; అందువల్ల NPT non-nuclear-weapon Statesకు వర్తించే Article III comprehensive safeguards obligation Indiaకు లేదు.
• India-specific agreements, INFCIRC/754తో సహా, ప్రకారం IAEA safeguards Indiaలో implement అవుతాయి.
• కాబట్టి safeguards conclusions safeguards actually apply అయ్యే nuclear material, facilities మరియు ఇతర itemsకే సంబంధించినవి.
• India-specific agreements, INFCIRC/754తో సహా, ప్రకారం IAEA safeguards Indiaలో implement అవుతాయి.
• కాబట్టి safeguards conclusions safeguards actually apply అయ్యే nuclear material, facilities మరియు ఇతర itemsకే సంబంధించినవి.
Question 16
ప్రశ్న 16
When the IAEA draws a safeguards conclusion for India under its item-specific safeguards arrangements, what does that conclusion principally cover?
Indiaపై item-specific safeguards arrangements కింద IAEA safeguards conclusion draw చేసినప్పుడు అది ప్రధానంగా దేనిని cover చేస్తుంది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• For States with item-specific safeguards agreements, the IAEA's conclusion concerns the nuclear material, facilities and other items actually subject to safeguards.
• It is not a verification conclusion regarding every element of the State's entire nuclear programme.
• This distinction is particularly important when discussing India, Israel and Pakistan, which are outside the NPT.
• It is not a verification conclusion regarding every element of the State's entire nuclear programme.
• This distinction is particularly important when discussing India, Israel and Pakistan, which are outside the NPT.
వివరణ:
• Item-specific safeguards agreements ఉన్న Statesలో IAEA conclusion safeguardsకు actually subject అయిన nuclear material, facilities మరియు ఇతర itemsకు సంబంధించినది.
• State మొత్తం nuclear programmeలో ప్రతి elementపై verification conclusion కాదు.
• NPT బయట ఉన్న India, Israel మరియు Pakistanను discuss చేసేటప్పుడు ఈ distinction ప్రత్యేకంగా ముఖ్యం.
• State మొత్తం nuclear programmeలో ప్రతి elementపై verification conclusion కాదు.
• NPT బయట ఉన్న India, Israel మరియు Pakistanను discuss చేసేటప్పుడు ఈ distinction ప్రత్యేకంగా ముఖ్యం.
Question 17
ప్రశ్న 17
Which statement correctly distinguishes India's Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) from the IAEA?
India Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB)ను IAEA నుంచి సరైన విధంగా వేరు చేసే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• AERB is India's national nuclear and radiation safety regulatory body.
• Its functions include safety review, authorization, inspections and enforcement for facilities and activities within its regulatory purview.
• The IAEA does not replace AERB or directly license Indian nuclear facilities; its international role includes safeguards, standards, assistance and cooperation.
• Its functions include safety review, authorization, inspections and enforcement for facilities and activities within its regulatory purview.
• The IAEA does not replace AERB or directly license Indian nuclear facilities; its international role includes safeguards, standards, assistance and cooperation.
వివరణ:
• AERB India's national nuclear మరియు radiation safety regulatory body.
• Safety review, authorization, inspections మరియు enforcement వంటి functions తన regulatory purviewలో నిర్వహిస్తుంది.
• IAEA AERBను replace చేయదు మరియు Indian nuclear facilitiesకు directly licence ఇవ్వదు; దాని international roleలో safeguards, standards, assistance మరియు cooperation ఉంటాయి.
• Safety review, authorization, inspections మరియు enforcement వంటి functions తన regulatory purviewలో నిర్వహిస్తుంది.
• IAEA AERBను replace చేయదు మరియు Indian nuclear facilitiesకు directly licence ఇవ్వదు; దాని international roleలో safeguards, standards, assistance మరియు cooperation ఉంటాయి.
Question 18
ప్రశ్న 18
Which statement correctly describes the 2005 Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM) and India's status?
Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM) 2005 Amendment మరియు India's statusను సరైన విధంగా వివరించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• The original CPPNM focused principally on physical protection of nuclear material used for peaceful purposes during international transport and related offences.
• The 2005 Amendment substantially broadened the framework to domestic use, storage and transport and to protection of nuclear facilities and material against sabotage.
• India ratified the Amendment on 19 September 2007; the Amendment entered into force on 8 May 2016.
• The 2005 Amendment substantially broadened the framework to domestic use, storage and transport and to protection of nuclear facilities and material against sabotage.
• India ratified the Amendment on 19 September 2007; the Amendment entered into force on 8 May 2016.
వివరణ:
• Original CPPNM ప్రధానంగా peaceful purposesకు ఉపయోగించే nuclear material international transportలో physical protection మరియు related offencesపై focus చేసింది.
• 2005 Amendment domestic use, storage, transport మరియు nuclear facilities/materialను sabotage నుంచి protect చేయడం వరకు frameworkను substantially broaden చేసింది.
• India 19 సెప్టెంబర్ 2007న Amendmentను ratify చేసింది; ఇది 8 మే 2016న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
• 2005 Amendment domestic use, storage, transport మరియు nuclear facilities/materialను sabotage నుంచి protect చేయడం వరకు frameworkను substantially broaden చేసింది.
• India 19 సెప్టెంబర్ 2007న Amendmentను ratify చేసింది; ఇది 8 మే 2016న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది.
Question 19
ప్రశ్న 19
Which set of techniques is most characteristic of IAEA safeguards verification?
IAEA safeguards verificationకు అత్యంత characteristic అయిన techniques సమూహం ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Nuclear material accountancy is a core safeguards measure.
• Containment and surveillance, inspections, measurements, seals, cameras and information analysis are also used depending on the safeguards approach.
• These verification tools are designed to detect and deter diversion or misuse; they are distinct from national policing or physical-protection forces.
• Containment and surveillance, inspections, measurements, seals, cameras and information analysis are also used depending on the safeguards approach.
• These verification tools are designed to detect and deter diversion or misuse; they are distinct from national policing or physical-protection forces.
వివరణ:
• Nuclear material accountancy core safeguards measure.
• Safeguards approachను బట్టి containment/surveillance, inspections, measurements, seals, cameras మరియు information analysis కూడా ఉపయోగిస్తారు.
• ఈ verification tools diversion లేదా misuseను detect/deter చేయడానికి; national policing లేదా physical-protection forces నుంచి ఇవి distinct.
• Safeguards approachను బట్టి containment/surveillance, inspections, measurements, seals, cameras మరియు information analysis కూడా ఉపయోగిస్తారు.
• ఈ verification tools diversion లేదా misuseను detect/deter చేయడానికి; national policing లేదా physical-protection forces నుంచి ఇవి distinct.
Question 20
ప్రశ్న 20
Which statement best reflects the IAEA's role in peaceful international nuclear cooperation?
Peaceful international nuclear cooperationలో IAEA roleను అత్యంత సరైన విధంగా ప్రతిబింబించే ప్రకటన ఏది?
Select an option first. || ముందుగా ఒక సమాధానాన్ని ఎంచుకోండి.
Explanation:
• Article III of the IAEA Statute authorizes the Agency to encourage and assist research, development and practical applications of atomic energy for peaceful purposes.
• It may also facilitate the provision of services, materials, equipment and facilities in peaceful nuclear cooperation when requested.
• Safeguards complement such cooperation by providing international verification where the relevant safeguards agreements apply.
• It may also facilitate the provision of services, materials, equipment and facilities in peaceful nuclear cooperation when requested.
• Safeguards complement such cooperation by providing international verification where the relevant safeguards agreements apply.
వివరణ:
• IAEA Statute Article III peaceful purposes కోసం atomic energy research, development మరియు practical applicationsను encourage మరియు assist చేయడానికి Agencyకు authority ఇస్తుంది.
• Requested సందర్భాల్లో peaceful nuclear cooperationలో services, materials, equipment మరియు facilities provisionను కూడా facilitate చేయవచ్చు.
• Relevant safeguards agreements వర్తించే చోట safeguards international verification ద్వారా ఇటువంటి cooperationను complement చేస్తాయి.
• Requested సందర్భాల్లో peaceful nuclear cooperationలో services, materials, equipment మరియు facilities provisionను కూడా facilitate చేయవచ్చు.
• Relevant safeguards agreements వర్తించే చోట safeguards international verification ద్వారా ఇటువంటి cooperationను complement చేస్తాయి.
Answer Key సమాధానాల పట్టిక
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Question 1 ప్రశ్న 1Answer: B. Its Statute entered into force on 29 July 1957, and its principal objective is to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world సమాధానం: B. దాని Statute 29 జూలై 1957న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది; ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా peace, health మరియు prosperityకు atomic energy contributionను accelerate మరియు enlarge చేయడం దాని principal objective
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Question 2 ప్రశ్న 2Answer: D. The General Conference consists of representatives of all IAEA Member States and normally meets annually, while the Board of Governors is a smaller 35-member policy-making body సమాధానం: D. General Conferenceలో అన్ని IAEA Member States representatives ఉంటారు మరియు సాధారణంగా annually meet అవుతుంది; Board of Governors చిన్న 35-member policy-making body
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Question 3 ప్రశ్న 3Answer: A. Thirteen members are designated and twenty-two are elected by the General Conference according to the Statute's criteria and geographic arrangements సమాధానం: A. Statute criteria మరియు geographic arrangements ప్రకారం 13 members designated అవుతారు; 22 members General Conference ద్వారా elected అవుతారు
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Question 4 ప్రశ్న 4Answer: C. The Board of Governors appoints the Director General with the approval of the General Conference సమాధానం: C. Board of Governors Director Generalను appoint చేస్తుంది; General Conference approval అవసరం
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Question 5 ప్రశ్న 5Answer: B. To verify that nuclear material and activities subject to safeguards are not diverted or misused for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive purposes సమాధానం: B. Safeguardsకు subject అయిన nuclear material మరియు activities nuclear weapons లేదా other nuclear explosive purposesకు divert లేదా misuse కాకుండా verify చేయడం
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Question 6 ప్రశ్న 6Answer: A. NPT Article III requires each non-nuclear-weapon State Party to conclude an agreement with the IAEA for safeguards on all source or special fissionable material in all its peaceful nuclear activities సమాధానం: A. NPT Article III ప్రకారం ప్రతి non-nuclear-weapon State Party తన అన్ని peaceful nuclear activitiesలోని all source లేదా special fissionable materialపై safeguards కోసం IAEAతో agreement conclude చేయాలి
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Question 7 ప్రశ్న 7Answer: D. It is a complementary legal instrument to a safeguards agreement that provides the IAEA with broader information and access, strengthening its ability to detect possible undeclared nuclear material and activities సమాధానం: D. ఇది safeguards agreementకు complementary legal instrument; IAEAకు broader information మరియు access ఇచ్చి possible undeclared nuclear material మరియు activitiesను detect చేసే abilityను strengthen చేస్తుంది
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Question 8 ప్రశ్న 8Answer: C. Comprehensive safeguards agreements are generally used for NPT non-nuclear-weapon States; voluntary offer agreements are used by the five NPT nuclear-weapon States; item-specific agreements apply to specified material, facilities or items, including in non-NPT States సమాధానం: C. Comprehensive safeguards agreements సాధారణంగా NPT non-nuclear-weapon Statesకు; voluntary offer agreements ఐదు NPT nuclear-weapon Statesకు; item-specific agreements specified material, facilities లేదా itemsకు, non-NPT Statesలో కూడా వర్తించవచ్చు
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Question 9 ప్రశ్న 9Answer: B. The responsibility for establishing, implementing and maintaining an effective nuclear-security regime rests with the State, while the IAEA assists States and facilitates international cooperation సమాధానం: B. Effective nuclear-security regimeను establish, implement మరియు maintain చేసే responsibility Stateదే; IAEA Statesకు assistance అందించి international cooperationను facilitate చేస్తుంది
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Question 10 ప్రశ్న 10Answer: A. Safety concerns protection against harmful consequences such as accidents; security focuses on malicious acts; safeguards focus on verification against diversion or misuse for nuclear explosive purposes సమాధానం: A. Safety accidents వంటి harmful consequences నుంచి protectionపై; security malicious actsపై; safeguards nuclear explosive purposesకు diversion లేదా misuse జరగకుండా verificationపై focus చేస్తాయి
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Question 11 ప్రశ్న 11Answer: B. Helping Member States build capacities for peaceful nuclear applications in areas such as human health, food and agriculture, water, environment, industry and nuclear knowledge సమాధానం: B. Human health, food and agriculture, water, environment, industry మరియు nuclear knowledge వంటి areasలో peaceful nuclear applications కోసం Member States capacitiesను build చేయడంలో సహాయం చేయడం
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Question 12 ప్రశ్న 12Answer: D. India has been an IAEA Member State since 1957, and the Agency currently has 181 Member States following the Maldives becoming its 181st member in December 2025 సమాధానం: D. India 1957 నుంచి IAEA Member State; Maldives డిసెంబర్ 2025లో 181వ member కావడంతో Agencyలో ప్రస్తుతం 181 Member States ఉన్నాయి
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Question 13 ప్రశ్న 13Answer: C. INFCIRC/754 is the Agreement between India and the IAEA for the Application of Safeguards to Civilian Nuclear Facilities; it entered into force on 11 May 2009 సమాధానం: C. INFCIRC/754 అనేది India మరియు IAEA మధ్య Application of Safeguards to Civilian Nuclear Facilities Agreement; ఇది 11 మే 2009న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది
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Question 14 ప్రశ్న 14Answer: A. It was signed on 15 May 2009 and entered into force on 25 July 2014 as a protocol additional to India's safeguards agreement on civilian nuclear facilities సమాధానం: A. ఇది 15 మే 2009న sign అయి, India's safeguards agreement on civilian nuclear facilitiesకు Additional Protocolగా 25 జూలై 2014న అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది
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Question 15 ప్రశ్న 15Answer: B. Because India is not an NPT Party and its safeguards are applied pursuant to agreements covering specified civilian facilities, material and other safeguarded items rather than an NPT obligation covering all peaceful nuclear material సమాధానం: B. India NPT Party కాదు; దాని safeguards specified civilian facilities, material మరియు ఇతర safeguarded itemsను cover చేసే agreements ప్రకారం apply అవుతాయి; NPT obligation ప్రకారం all peaceful nuclear materialను cover చేయవు
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Question 16 ప్రశ్న 16Answer: D. The nuclear material, facilities and other items to which IAEA safeguards are applied under the relevant agreements సమాధానం: D. Relevant agreements కింద IAEA safeguards apply అయ్యే nuclear material, facilities మరియు ఇతర items
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Question 17 ప్రశ్న 17Answer: B. AERB is India's national body responsible for regulatory and safety functions for nuclear and radiation facilities under its purview, while the IAEA is an international organization performing functions including safeguards, international standards and cooperation సమాధానం: B. AERB తన purviewలోని nuclear మరియు radiation facilitiesకు regulatory మరియు safety functions నిర్వహించే India's national body; IAEA safeguards, international standards మరియు cooperation వంటి functions నిర్వహించే international organization
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Question 18 ప్రశ్న 18Answer: D. The Amendment broadened the framework to include protection of nuclear material and nuclear facilities in domestic use, storage and transport and protection against sabotage; India ratified the Amendment in 2007 and it entered into force in 2016 సమాధానం: D. Domestic use, storage మరియు transportలో nuclear material మరియు nuclear facilities protectionతో పాటు sabotage నుంచి protectionను include చేసేలా Amendment frameworkను broaden చేసింది; India 2007లో Amendmentను ratify చేసింది మరియు ఇది 2016లో అమల్లోకి వచ్చింది
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Question 19 ప్రశ్న 19Answer: B. Nuclear material accountancy, containment and surveillance, inspections, measurements and evaluation of safeguards-relevant information సమాధానం: B. Nuclear material accountancy, containment మరియు surveillance, inspections, measurements మరియు safeguards-relevant information evaluation
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Question 20 ప్రశ్న 20Answer: A. The IAEA may encourage and assist research, development and practical applications of atomic energy for peaceful uses and can facilitate cooperation, while safeguards can provide assurance that specified nuclear material and facilities remain in peaceful activities సమాధానం: A. Peaceful uses కోసం atomic energy research, development మరియు practical applicationsను IAEA encourage మరియు assist చేయవచ్చు; cooperationను facilitate చేయవచ్చు; specified nuclear material మరియు facilities peaceful activitiesలోనే ఉన్నాయని safeguards assurance ఇవ్వగలవు